The presentation is prepared for pre service teacher trainees of Geography subject. it is a brief description of various learning resources or teaching aids which are used in learning and teaching of Geography subjet.

1. Learning Resources in Geography
Suresh.G.Isave,
Associate Professor,
Tilak College of Education, Pune-India

2. Definition
• Learning resources are texts, videos,
software, and other resources that
teachers use to assist students to meet
the expectations for learning defined by
curriculum.
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3. Need and Importance
• To help to enable better understanding
of Geography subject.
• To make concepts clear.
• To create interest in Geography subject
• To frame the geographical attitude.
• To inculcate Geographical values.
• To cultivate the life skills through Geography.
• To make students a global citizen.
• To make students civilized human.
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4. Types of Learning
Resources
Technology basedTraditional
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5. Traditional Learning Resources
Resources which can be used without technology
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6. Traditional Learning Resources
Traditional
Sample
Objects
Diagram
Images
Reference
book
Encyclop
edia
Globe
MapAtlas
Graph
Project/
Field Trip
Exhibition
Expert
interaction
Display
Chart
Model
2D/3D
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Map
• Graphic representation, drawn to scale
and usually on a flat surface, of
features—usually geographic, geologic,
or geopolitical—of an area of the Earth
or of any celestial body.
• Elements – title, subtitle, index,
direction, scale etc.

8. Map
Types
Physical Political Outline
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Use of Physical Map
To show –
 Location.
 Landforms – mountains, plateau, plains,
depression etc.
 Water bodies – Ocean, sea, rivers, lakes.
 To explain the relation of climate and
physiography of a particular location.

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Use of Physical Map
To Explain –
 Temperature
 Rainfall
 Winds
 Human life
 Vegetation

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Use of Political Map
To show –
Boundaries – local to international.
Villages, Cities and capitals.
Ways – railways, roadways, airways,
waterways.
Location

12. Use of outline map
• When teacher want students focus only on specific
information, she should use and outline map.
• To show a location and boundaries of a region.
• To show distribution of geographical information e.g.
population, rainfall, soils, crops, metals etc.
• To indicate specific physiographic information like
rivers, desert region etc.
• To show the man made environment (Political) like
roads, cities, industries, airport, tourists centers etc.
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Graph
Visual representation of a data set or a
mathematical equation, inequality, or
function to show relationships or
tendencies that these formulas can only
suggest symbolically and abstractly.

14. Types of Graph/Chart
• Line Graph
• Area Graph
• Bar /Column Graph
• Pie chart
• Organization Charts
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training.figleaf.com

16. www.mymarketresearchmethods.com
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Use of Graph
 To show climatic data – temperature, rainfall,
humidity.
 To show demographic data – population
growth, birth rate, censuses, gender wise, age
wise etc.
 Production – crops, minerals, machineries etc
 Natural resources – trees, animals etc.
 To show changing or static data.

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Pie Chart
• A circular chart divided into triangular areas
proportional to the percentages of the whole.
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr

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Use of Pie Chart
To show comparative proportion in a particular
area -
o Natural resources – soil, gas, land-water,
vegetation, animals, minerals etc.
o Human occupation, production of things etc.
o Demographic features.

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Model
 Miniature representation of something.
 A hypothetical description of a complex entity
or process.
 Small scale imitation of real and imaginary
things.

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Use of Model
 Eclipses
 Volcano
 Movement of earth surface
 Work of natural agents- wind, water etc.
 Dam
 Human settlement.

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Sample
• Small amount of material with same
attributes.
• Use – Crop, soil, rock, food, water, metals etc.

23. Images
• Picture
• Drawings
• Photographs
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24. Diagram
• Diagram helps students to understand
relation, proportion, process and
visualized nature of a concept.
• Interior of earth, rainfall, weathering etc.
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25. Display Chart
• Big sized chart which can be displayed in the
classroom so student can be touch with
subject during school hours.
• Important key concepts should be made with
students’ help and displayed in a classroom or
corridor.
• E.g. latitude, season, temperature zone,
planetary wind, direction and sub-direction
etc.
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26. Object
• Object gives opportunity
to observe real thing and get first
hand experience.
• e.g. metallic-non metallic objects,
costume or jewelry worn in specific
region, art-craft etc.
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27. Field Trip/Project
• The resource is useful to give real life
experience to students.
• The things which are mentioned in a text
book can be verified by field trip and
projects.
• E.g. – visit to Pot holes at Noghoj, V-
shaped valley at Tahmini, Honeycomb
structure at Harihareshwar etc.
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28. Technology Based Learning Resources
Resources which requires the support of technology
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29. Technology Based Learning Resources
Devices
Smart
phone
Tablet
Laptop/
Notebook
Desktop
Computer
OHP
Television
set
Gaming
Console
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30. Technology Based Learning Resources
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Technology
Based
Games
Apps
Social
Networkin
g sites
Photos/
Video
sharing
site
Blog
Wiki
CAI
Movies

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Computer
Assisted
Resources
Off Line On Line

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Online
Tools
Google
Earth/
Maps
e-journals
Geographical
site
Govt.
sites
Research
Organization
site
NGOs
site

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Off line
• Software – 3D quack, Stellarium, Simulation of
geographical phenomena, spreadsheet,
encyclopaedia etc.
• Educational CDs - Curriculum based,
knowledge based.
• CAI – developed by teachers, researchers etc.

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Online
• Geographical Web sites.
• Social Networking sites.
• Google earth, Google maps.
• You Tube Videos.
• Photo Sharing sites- panoramio, flicker, picasa
etc.
• Images, Articles, Documents, Graphs, Facts
and Figures

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Television
• TV channels – Discovery, Nat Geo, Animal
Planet.
• Kids channels.
• Interactive channels.

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Movie
• Geographical Content in a Story. e.g.- Volcano,
Armageddon, Deep Impact, 2012
• Geographical Location, Physical Features,
Vegetation, Human Life etc. e.g.- Vertical
Limit(K-2), Cliff Hanger (Rockies) Don-new
(Malaysia), Krrish (Singapore), Lord of Rings
(New Zeland), Bond Movies (World), local
Movies for Local Geography.

37. Thank You !
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