Waste management or waste disposal are all the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal.[1] This includes amongst other things collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste together with monitoring and regulation. It also encompasses the legal and regulatory framework that relates to waste management encompassing guidance on recycling. Waste can take any form that is solid, liquid, or gas and each have different methods of disposal and management. Waste management normally deals with all types of waste whether it was created in forms that are industrial, biological, household, and special cases where it may pose a threat to human health.[2] It is produced due to human activity such as when factories extract and process raw materials.[3] Waste management is intended to reduce adverse effects of waste on health, the environment or aesthetics. Waste management practices are not uniform among countries (developed and developing nations); regions (urban and rural areas), and sectors (residential and industrial).[4] A large portion of waste management practices deal with municipal solid waste (MSW) which is waste that is created by household, industrial, and commercial activity.[5]

1. Mekapati Rajamohan reddy
Institute of technology & science
Technical seminar
ON
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
PRESENTED BY
G.CHAITANYA
4th Year
ROLL NO :14L41A0114

2. Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Classification of solid waste
3. Engineered systems for solid waste management
4. Methods for solid waste management
5. Management of solid waste
6. Factors affecting solid waste management
7. Conclusion

3. 1. INTRODUCTION:
• SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT:
Solid waste management is the process of the collection,
transportation and disposal of the solid waste in a systematic,
economic and hygienic manner.

4. 2. Classification of solid waste:
Solid waste are classified as:
Based on their sources of origin:
• Residential wastes
• Commercial wastes
• Institutional wastes
• Municipal wastes
• Industrial wastes
• Agricultural wastes
Based on their physical nature:
• Garbage
• Ashes
• Combustible and non-combustible
• Demolition and construction wastes
• hazardous wastes

5. 3. Engineered system for solid waste management:

6. 4. Methods for the treatment of the solid waste:
With different types waste, different treatment methods are applied this treatment
process has been applied:
• Open dumps
• Land fills
• Anaerobic digestion
• Composting
• Vermicomposting
• Encapsulation
• Incineration

7. Open dumps:
Land fills: land fill my also refer to the ground that has been filled
with soil and rocks instead of waste materials so it can be used for a
specific purpose such has for building houses.
Composting:

8. Different stages of composting:
 segregation of solid waste
 processing the compostable matter
 Preparation for compost
 digestion
 curing
 screening

9. Anaerobic digestion:
Anaerobic digestion is a regulated version of the natural
events of the natural events of land fill, in that it results in the
controlled.

10. The digestion process:
The digestion process
involves 4- steps:
 Hydrolysis
 Acidogenesis
 Acetogenesis
 Methanogenesis

11. Vermicomposting:
It is the simple biotechnological processes of composting. in
with certain species of earth warms are used to enhance the process of the
waste conversion and produce a better product with end.
• vermicomposting differs from the several composting in several
ways
 Utilizing microorganism's (earth warms that are active at 10-320 c)
 the process is faster than composting (because the material passes
through the earth warms gut, a significant but not yet fully understood
transformation takes place, where by the resulting earthworms casting (warm
manure) are rich in microbial activity and plants growth regulators).

12. Vermicomposting process:

13. Vermicomposting process

14.  Encapsulation:
Solid particulates waste material is coated with a thermosetting resin which is
compressed and cured to from a rigid core. The rigid core is coated with a flexible
thermoplastic resin to provide a sealed encapsulated waste agglomerate which can
withstand moderate compressive loads.
Encapsulation methods are of types:
• Micro encapsulation
• Macro encapsulation
 Incineration:
Incineration is the most common thermal treatment process. It is burning
of the waste at temperature of 10000 +or – 1000 c in the presence of
oxygen so has to eliminate all odour and to ensure good combustion.

15. 5.Management of solid waste:
The fundamental objective of waste processing is to reduce the amount of
waste through recycling and disposal of waste in a way not to impair
environmental conservation.
Four R’s should be followed for waste management:
•Refuse
•Reuse
•Recycle
•Reduce

16. The management of solid waste is done according to it’s
nature:
i. Management of medical solid waste
ii. Management of non degradable solid waste
iii. Management of hazards waste
iv. Management of non-hazards and biodegradable solid waste
v. Management of E-waste

17. i. Management of medical solid waste:
• Hospital waste is generated during the
diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of
human beings and animals or in research
actives in these felids or in the production or
testing of biological.
• medical solid waste include both non-
hazardous and hazardous waste constituents.
Hazardous
Non-hazardous
Treatment option:
•Incineration
•Sanitary land fill

18. ii. Management of non-degradable solid waste:
 Examples of the non degradable solid waste
•Ferrous and non-ferrous materials: eg: Iron ,steel and aluminium
•Glass
•Plastic
•Textile
 treatment options:
•Recycling
•Incineration
•Sanitary land fill

19. iii. Management of hazardous waste:
Fallowing process applied in hazardous waste
treatment:
•Physical separation
•Gravity separation
•Dissolved air flotation
•Solvent extraction
•Sorption and activated carbon
Treatment option:
•Thermal treatment : incineration
•Biological treatment

20. iv. Management of non-hazardous and biodegradable solid
waste:
•Non hazardous solid waste is total waste including municipal waste,
industrial waste, agricultural waste and sewage sludge.
•Fallowing methods are fallowed by management of non-hazardous and
biodegradable solid waste:
Open dumps
Land fills
Anaerobic digestion
composting
Verimocomposting

21. v. Management of E-waste:
• electronic waste is concern largely due to the toxicity and carcinogenicity of
some of the substances in electronic waste include lead, mercury and
cadmium. Carcinogenic substances in electronic waste may include
polychlorinated biphenyls .
• a typical computer may contain more than 6% lead by weight. Capacitors,
transformer, PVC insulated wires of polychlorinated biphenyls

22. Treatment options:
E-waste consist of Diverse items like ferrous and non ferrous
metals, glass, plastic electronic components and other items.
The potential treatment options based on this compositions
are given below:
•Encapsulation
•Incineration
•Sanitary landfills

23. Reuse the electronic waste in the form of a stool:
Designer Rodrigo Alonso created
N+ew Seats to address this –stools
that are formed of a whole lot of
electronic junk. This was covered back
in 2007.
The idea behind N+EW isn't the
creation of a recyclable object but the
way to immortalize and to give a last to
objects that their only disintegration is
contamination. E-waste furniture

24. 6. Factors affecting of solid waste management:
There are certain factors that affect the management of solid waste
management there :
•Per capita income and status
•Climate and percentage moisture
•Systematic growth of city
•Status of the municipality
•Resources available

25. 7. conclusion:
Solid waste management is the process of solid waste in such a manner that
it does not cause any problem to environment and the living organism as
well. It is done through different methods as per the category of the solid
waste.