Role of Analytics in IoT and IIoT

1. Analytics& IoT
Dr.Selvaraj Kesavan
selvarajkesavan@gmail.com

2. Agenda
2
 IoT and IIoT
 Data collection, storage, processing and visualization
 Data Analytics
 Cloud infrastructure and platform services for Analytics
 Architecture - Example

3. IOT & IIOT
 Billions of connected devices to server via network and deliver connected
industry solutions. The connectivity is just an enabler but the real value of
IoT is on data (business insight/data-driven economy).
 Use of smart sensors and actuators to enhance manufacturing and
industrial processes.
 Industry 4.0 focusses on the interconnectedness of machines and systems
to improve operational efficiency and productivity
3

4. IoT- Key Technology Enablers
4
(1) Cloud Computing
(2) Big Data and Analytics
(3) Web 2.0 and 3.0
(4) Evolution of high speed communication technologies

5. Technology Landscape
5
Industry verticals -
Dashboard
Platform and
services
Protocols and
Communication
Sensors ,Devices and
Gateway
Light
Sensor
Voltage
Sensor
Temp/
humidity
Vibration
Sensor
Ultrasonic
Sensor
Gas
Sensor
BLE
Sensor
GPS
Pi 3
gateway
Gateway
PLC
• Username/
Password
• API Security
• Data At
Transit
• Data At Rest
• Firewall
• DoS
prevention
• Certificates/
Encryption
• Policies
• SSO/MFA
Security

6. IOT- Sensors to Application
Beacons
Industrial
plants
Sensors
Senor/Machine
Parameters
Device Gateway
Edge
Analytics
Platform
Agent
Sensor
Data
Agent
IoT & Cloud platform
AnalyzeStore
Application
Alert
Data
Visualization
 Edge Devices/Sensors source for the real time data .
 Device gateway collects data from multiple edge devices, filter aggregate and ingest the data to the cloud
platform for further processing and analyzing
 IoT platform enable device onboarding, data ingestion, device to cloud and cloud to device communication
 Cloud platform receive data, store, process and generate insights
 Application helps to visualize the dashboard ,monitor and control the devices.
Monitor
and Control
Edge
Devices/Sensors
Device
Provision &
Onboard
Data Ingestion
Rules
Device
Management Compute Hosting
Security
Delivery

7. IOT Sensors &Gateway
7
Acquire and Transmit
Beacon
Sensor
Device
Thing
Gateway
Monitor Transmit Aggregate Analyze Send to Cloud
Analyze and ActAggregate
Gateway Provides
 Authentication
 Data Filtering
 Edge Analytics
 Control and management
Communication between sensors and
Gateway , Gateway to cloud platform
using
 Zigbee
 BLE
 Wi-Fi
 RF
 LoRa
 MQTT
 AMQP
 CoAP
 HTTP/HTTPS
 NFC,TCP/UDP
 UART,SPI
Different field sensors/Devices
 Sensors: Temperature, pressure, accelerometer ,vibration ,RPM,
Beacons etc..
 Devices: Camera, activity tracker, smart glass etc..

8. 8
Data from Sensors/Devices
• Structured, semi-structured, or unstructured, or any combination of these varieties.
• Velocity, Variety and Volume
• What can we do with Vast amount of data?
• Real time streaming analysis and insights
• Derive meaningful KPI’s to help business
• Detect anomaly in operation, device behavior, Alert
• Predictive analysis
• Visualization, Control/Operate and report
• Quality inspection
• Process automation
• Improve quality of life
• Research and improvements
• How?
• Analyze the data
• How to analyze Terabytes of streaming data ?
• Large repositories
• Complex data analysis techniques
• Distributed/parallel processing .
• Data lake/warehousing /Business Intelligence .

9. Data Collection, Storage and processing
9
Predictive Tasks
 With growing volumes of available data
and affordable data storage.
Computational processing is also cheaper
 Analyzing bigger and complex data helps
in delivering faster and more accurate
results
 Process real-time data such as video,
audio, application logs, website
clickstreams, and IoT telemetry data.
 What happened and why?.
 Real time Streaming Analytics
 Descriptive Analytics
 human-interpretable patterns that
describe the data
 correlations, trends, clusters,
trajectories, and anomalies
 summarize the underlying relationships
in data
 Predictive Analytics.
 Use some variables to predict unknown
or future values of other variables
Data Collection
Event
Streaming/Data
Storage
Data Processing Descriptive Tasks
Real time Streaming
analytics

10. 10
Step 1: Data Collection
 How to collect Continuous data from multiple sources/industry machines?
 Choose the important parameters and monitor the parameters
 Select the frequency at which the data needs to be collected
 Choose appropriate Cloud Gateway/broker and streaming platform
 Choose proper data lake to store different type of data
Collection

11. 11
Step 2: Data Storage
Storage
Requirement:
 Relational/Non-Relational
 Store large amount of data
 Real Time Streaming Data
 Scalable ,Reliable and high availability
 Multi-tenancy
 Cost
Relational (SQL): Structure with defined attributes
 MS SQL, POSTGRESQL ,oracle SQL
 Can be queried using SQL
No-relational(NO-SQL): Free flow operations
 Utilize a variety of data models, including document, graph, key-value and columnar
 Unique way to query the data
 Mongo DB(Document) , Redis (Key-value) ,Amazon Redshift (Columnar) , Cassandra
(Columnar), HBase (Columnar) ,Dynamo DB(Document DB-stores JSON/XML) , GraphDB

12. 12
Step 3: Data Processing
Processing
 Histogram
 Distribution
 Mean, variance, std
 Univariate
 Bivariate
 Missing value
 Outlier detection
 Variable
Transformation
 PCA
 Correlation
Analysis
 Variable Clustering
 Logarithm
 Square root
 Square
 Cube root
 Reciprocal
 Integrate multiple
data bases/files
 Data redundancy
check
 Transformation

13. 13
Processing – Tools/Framework
 Processing Big Data
 Apache Hadoop
 Spark - distributed stream processing
 Storm - distributed stream processing
 Mango DB
 Casandra
 Talend –ETL
 Kafka – Event Processing
 Splunk – Log analysis Platform
 Hive – Data warehouse
 Hbase – No SQL
 Pig- Scripting
 Zookeeper – Centralized config & coordination
 Streams and Complex Event Processing
 Kafka, AWS Kinesis, JMS , Azure Event
hub, Google pub/sub
Where to install Big Data Tools ? Who is providing process/memory/Storage/
Network Capabilities?
 Language/Tools
 Python
 R Programming (Statistical
computing )
 Matlab
 Java
 Tensor flow
 Amazon Machine Learning
 Spark Mlib
 H2O
 Azure ML studio
 In-Memory
 Distributed/Parallel
processing
 Automated
Infrastructure/configuration

14. 14
Streaming/Descriptive Analytics
 Streaming Analytics
 Analyzes and visualizes data in real time
 Ex: production floor manager wants to have real-time insights from the
sensor data, patterns and take actions on them
 Equipment performance
 LBS, In-context
 Descriptive Analytics
 Use historical data
 Clustering
 Association rule analysis
 Anomaly detection

15. 15
 Finding groups of objects/points such that the objects/points in a group
will be similar (or related) to one another and different from (or unrelated
to) the objects in other groups
Clustering

16. Predictive Analytics
16
• What else most likely to happen?
• Data/Text mining ,forecast and statistical analysis
• Intelligent/scientific estimates about the future values (Ex:customer demand, interest rates, stock
market movements etc..).
• Deploy to take business decision
• Predictive Shipping
Input Param 3
Build predictive
Model
Model validation
Model
tuning/optimization
Input Param 1
Input Param 2
Model Deployment

17. 17
Model Creation and training with historical data

18. 18
Deployment and production

19. 19
Classification and Regression
 Output of an algorithm after it has been trained on a historical dataset and applied to
new data to know the likelihood of a particular outcome.
 Set of algorithms & methods to predict categorical values.
 Classification, which is the task of assigning objects to one of several predefined
categories (classes)

20. 20
Apply
Model
Learn
Model
Tid Attrib1 Attrib2 Attrib3 Class
1 Yes Large 125K No
2 No Medium 100K No
3 No Small 70K No
4 Yes Medium 120K No
5 No Large 95K Yes
6 No Medium 60K No
7 Yes Large 220K No
8 No Small 85K Yes
9 No Medium 75K No
10 No Small 90K Yes
10
Tid Attrib1 Attrib2 Attrib3 Class
11 No Small 55K ?
12 Yes Medium 80K ?
13 Yes Large 110K ?
14 No Small 95K ?
15 No Large 67K ?
10
Classification and Regression

21. 21
Models/Algorithms
• Algorithm Selection depends on
• Accuracy
• Training time
• Number of parameters
• Feature count
• Memory footprint
• Linear/Non-linear data
• Algorithms
 Linear Regression
 Logical Regression
 Naive Bayes
 K-Means
 Random Forest
 Support Vector Machine
 Neural Network

22. 22
Data Visualization
 To capture and communicate insights from Big Data analytics, move from standard
reporting to more sophisticated visualization.
 Visualization -> presenting information in such a way that people can consume it
effectively.
 The most impactful visualizations are often the most interactive
 Explore and have a conversation with the data.
 it capitalizes on visual advantage to recognize and understand patterns, represents
a large amount of data in one place, and gives users access to actionable insights.
Heat Map Tag Cloud History Flow

23. How to Visualize Raw/Processed/Analytics output?
Applications/Visualization Tools
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Web Applications:
• Application that is accessed via a web browser over a
network
• JavaScript, CSS, and HTML5
• Web apps became really popular when HTML5 came
around and people realized that they can obtain
native-like functionality in the browser.
Native Applications:
• Native apps are written in languages that the platform
accepts
• Swift or Objective-C for iOS
• Java for Android
• C# for Windows Mobile
Hybrid Application:
• Combination of Native with Web Component
• Xamarin -Slack, Pinterest.
• React Native -Facebook, Walmart, Tesla, and Airbnb
• Titanium -eBay, ZipCar, PayPal
• Angular JS -PubNub Chat, YouTube on PS3
• Advanced BI tools – Power BI, Qlikview, Tableau

24. IoT Platforms
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AWS IoT
Azure IoT
GE Predix
IBM Watson IoT
Thingworx
Google Cloud IoT
Bosch IoT
Mindsphere
Alibaba IoT
C3 IoT
Jasper
leonardo
Telit IoT
 Platform ability to centrally manage of
multiple devices at scale, provide
remote configuration, monitoring and
decommissioning.
 Facilitate seamless connection
between device to platform, platform
to device and direct connectivity
between sensors to platform.
 Ability to provide infrastructure, tools
to manage, store, process and real
time analysis of streaming data.
 Platform to host in public, private,
hybrid environments,
 Friendly environment, programming,
framework options to develop,
integrate, connect, host and run the
applications
 Platform capability to provide fine
grained security and data privacy.

25. Cloud Platforms
25
AWS
Azure
GCP
Alibaba
 PaaS and IaaS
 Ramp up or ramp down resource on need
basis
 Compute/memory/storage/GPU optimized
 Route the load to difference instances
 Virtual Network Environment
 Environment to host applications and run
 Auto scaling and Load Balancing
 Disaster management
 Automatic Deployment with Zero downtime
 Scaling and Elasticity
 Failure fallback
 Managed Machine learning, Deep Learning ,
Notification/Alert engine
 API management
 Identity and Access Management
 Compute, Storage, Network
 Serverless, Microservice
Open shift
Rackspace
Heroku

26. IoT asset management and Predictive Maintenance

27. Thank You
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