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south indian rhythm in the global contemporary context
rajna swaminathan
(mrudangam artist)
www.rajnaswaminathan.com
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
2
4
6
(rhythm as shape)© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
6
4
2
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
4
4
4
(symmetry of 3)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
(over a duple feel)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
(over a triple feel)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
(inner structure of pulse)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
4 4 4
3 3 3 3
(secondary pulse)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
pulse 1 pulse 2 pulse 3
5* 5* 5* 5*
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse
1 CYCLE
point of resolution
(outer structure of pulse)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
cycle 1 cycle 2 cycle 3 cycle 4 …
FORM …
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse
2 pulses 3 pulses
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
2 pulses
5
3 pulses
4
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2
2 pulses 2 pulses 2 pulses 2 pulses 2 pulses
(hemiola with 2)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2
1 2 3 4 5
(hemiola or new framework)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2 CYCLE 3
3 pulses 3 pulses 3 pulses 3 pulses 3 pulses
(hemiola with 3)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2 CYCLE 3
1 2 3 4
(hemiola or new framework)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  Symmetry – additive value; balanced mathematically
  2 + 4 + 6 = 6 + 4 + 2 = 4 + 4 + 4
  Rhythmic fluidity – ratio or fraction relationship
  subdivision of 4 vs. subdivision of 3 = 1/4 vs. 1/3
  Cyclical form – multiplicational value
  number of pulses × subdivision = number of units
available
  Flexibility in standpoint – figure/ground relationship
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4
the 5 and 4 may be coexistant and form a polyrhythm
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
cross-rhythm
4 4 4 4 4
tala
5 5 5 5
if one is the primary pulse, it acts like a tala (outer structure) with a
gathi (inner structure) of 5 (due to least common multiple of 20)
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
cycle A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
cycle B1 B2 B3 B4
or both may be coexisting cycles…
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4
in any case, the mathematics works out the same way
= 20 units/pulses
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
6 1 6 1 6
6 5 4 3 2
and yathis can be used similarly
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
6
3, 6, 12, 24, etc.
the “building block” concept
© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.

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class

  • 1. south indian rhythm in the global contemporary context rajna swaminathan (mrudangam artist) www.rajnaswaminathan.com © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 2. 2 4 6 (rhythm as shape)© 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 3. 6 4 2 © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 4. 4 4 4 (symmetry of 3) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 5. (over a duple feel) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 6. (over a triple feel) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 7. 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 (inner structure of pulse) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 8. 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 (secondary pulse) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 9. pulse 1 pulse 2 pulse 3 5* 5* 5* 5* © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 10. 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 CYCLE point of resolution (outer structure of pulse) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 11. cycle 1 cycle 2 cycle 3 cycle 4 … FORM … © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 12. 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 1 pulse 2 pulses 3 pulses © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 13. 2 pulses 5 3 pulses 4 © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 14. CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2 2 pulses 2 pulses 2 pulses 2 pulses 2 pulses (hemiola with 2) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 15. CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2 1 2 3 4 5 (hemiola or new framework) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 16. CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2 CYCLE 3 3 pulses 3 pulses 3 pulses 3 pulses 3 pulses (hemiola with 3) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 17. CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2 CYCLE 3 1 2 3 4 (hemiola or new framework) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 18.   Symmetry – additive value; balanced mathematically   2 + 4 + 6 = 6 + 4 + 2 = 4 + 4 + 4   Rhythmic fluidity – ratio or fraction relationship   subdivision of 4 vs. subdivision of 3 = 1/4 vs. 1/3   Cyclical form – multiplicational value   number of pulses × subdivision = number of units available   Flexibility in standpoint – figure/ground relationship © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 19. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 the 5 and 4 may be coexistant and form a polyrhythm © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 20. cross-rhythm 4 4 4 4 4 tala 5 5 5 5 if one is the primary pulse, it acts like a tala (outer structure) with a gathi (inner structure) of 5 (due to least common multiple of 20) © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 21. cycle A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 cycle B1 B2 B3 B4 or both may be coexisting cycles… © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 22. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 in any case, the mathematics works out the same way = 20 units/pulses © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 23. 6 1 6 1 6 6 5 4 3 2 and yathis can be used similarly © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.
  • 24. 6 3, 6, 12, 24, etc. the “building block” concept © 2012 Rajna Swaminathan. All rights reserved.