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上班時嚴肅一點,不用再假笑了!
在如今高度工業化的消費社會,職場上多半強調積極樂觀的態度,
天天打起精神上班帶著笑容傳播正能量。
如果在公司裡愁眉苦臉或是臭著一張臉,
會破壞職場的氣氛影響工作效率。但是,真的是這樣嗎?
很多天生有臭臉的人上班時都很困擾,
總是為了應付老闆、客戶而要擺出非常不自然的「社交假笑」。
每天上班都笑得很心累,因為上班就是很厭世,
根本一點都不值得笑啊啊(崩潰)。
美國媒體Quartz的創意副主編 班奈特史密斯(Meredith Bennett-Smith)
最近在她的專欄文章裡說:
https://qz.com/929348/why-being-grumpy-at-work-is-good-for-you/
工作時刻意笑臉迎人壓抑自己的真實感受,可能既累人而且沒有必要。
美國媒體Quartz的創意副主編 班奈特史密斯(Meredith Bennett-Smith)
最近在她的專欄文章裡說:
https://qz.com/929348/why-being-grumpy-at-work-is-good-for-you/
我們當然不需在工作時對人們刻薄無禮,但是如今宣揚光明正面積極的企業文化,其實也有其黑暗面。
公司強制要求員工們表現得比心裡實際感受的還要愉快,可能反而會帶來一大堆負面的效應。
Meredith Bennett-Smith
她在文章裡引述了一堆研究來佐證這種說法。
例如慕尼黑工業大學的研究就發現,女性員工如果表現得很愉快,
她們被晉升到主管職位的機會比較低一點;反倒是工作態度比較悲觀的人,
可能帶來較高的生產力、較少會犯錯誤、溝通能力也變得更好。
而現在竟然有一篇的美國研究指出:
「臭臉的人工作效率高、犯錯率也相對較低,還更容易升官!」
據美國田納西大學的最新研究顯示,刻意的擺出認真、嚴肅的表情對自己是益處多多的,
且在處理與認知能力有關的活動實,做事效率竟能提高2成!
在2016年里約奧運會上,邁克爾·菲爾普斯(Michael Phelps)
在為男子200米蝶泳決賽做準備時被記者拍下這張相片。
這種表情通常被稱為菲爾普斯(Phelps)臉,
已成為人們長期以來在體育運動中很熟悉的一個概念:
「游戲面孔」(game face )。
但是,擺出嚴肅的面孔為比賽做準備是否會真正影響表現呢?
UT的實驗心理學研究人員發表的一項新研究表明,遊戲面孔可能存在實質性問題。
Matthew T. Richesin, Michael D. Oliver, Debora R. Baldwin, Lahai A.M. Wicks. Game Face Expressions and Performance on Competitive Tasks.
Stress and Health, 2019; DOI: 10.1002/smi.2899
刊登於2019年10月《壓力和健康》期刊中
名為「嚴肅的臉部表情和競爭性任務的表現。」 (Game Face Expressions
and Performance on Competitive Tasks.)的一篇論文。
研究的主要作者也是田納西大學醫學院碩士班學生的 馬修·里奇森說:
“遊戲面孔不僅可以改善認知任務的表現,
而且還可以更好地緩解壓力。”
其他研究人員包括 德博拉·鮑德溫(Debora Baldwin)心理學副教授,
田納西大學醫學院博士後研究生 邁克爾·奧利弗(Michael Oliver)和
研究生拉海·威克斯(Lahai Wicks)。
game face
a serious or determined expression that you put on when you are going to try
to win or achieve something:
game face是表示面對艱難的任務或工作時,有堅定的決心,表情嚴肅認真。
假如你要他人「嚴肅點」或「認真點」時,
你可以用 “Get your game face on.”,
就好比運動員在賽場上專注的神情與態度。
這項研究檢查了一種俗稱“游戲面孔”(game face )的表情:
這是指認真、專注或確定的表情。
研究檢查了游戲面孔的表情是否會影響心理生理反應
(例如,心率和皮膚電導)和表現。
Study 1
在對身體表現的調查(研究1)中,
要求參與者(N = 62)完成冷壓任務(cold-pressor task)。
研究人員要求受試者將手放進一桶冰水中(39-42 degrees Fahrenheit) ,
看能維持多久。
Study 2
研究2使用難題任務(puzzle task)測試了認知表現。
參與者(N = 62)分爲兩組,並被要求完成一個謎題。
研究人員要求受試者在限時五分鐘內,
拼完一幅構圖複雜的100片黑白拼圖。
研究人員希望能藉此知道:
在執行這兩項挑戰性十足的活動時,
若擺出嚴肅的表情,對他們進行的活動是否有所幫助。
這項研究中也將受試者分為兩組,分別是對照組及實驗組,
研究人員向實驗組展示了職業運動員在比賽時,表情認真、嚴肅的照片,
並要求他們在活動時模仿,而對照組則無所限制,做任何表情都可以。
研究結果顯示:
身體任務(Study 1)的表現2組沒有顯著差異。
擺出嚴肅認真表情對兩組的人都沒有實質幫助。
在認知表現(Study 2)方面,結果顯示“游戲面孔”組中的表現明顯更好。
該組完成的拼圖數量比對照組平均多出了4.13片(增加19.6%),
除數量外,還能以較快的速度從拚完拼圖的壓力中恢復過來。
此外,對皮膚電導的評估表明,在認知任務期間使用游戲面孔的參與者
在進行拼圖操作後顯示出相對於基綫的明顯下降。
研究結論:
這些結果顯示「游戲面孔」
對於在認知任務和交感神經系統激活方面的表現是有幫助的。
在其他相關的研究也充分顯示:
人類的臉部表情對任何事物都有所影響,
包括情緒和自身的運動能力。
最後這項研究的主導人Matthew Richesin也表示,
認真且嚴肅的神情確實可能對做事效率有提升的效果。
時常要假裝笑臉笑到臉僵的人
以後不用再假笑啦!
那些不壓抑情緒、適當流露不悅的人,更能夠把精力集中花在工作上,
因此判斷力、記憶力、生產力都來比喜歡假笑的人來得更高!

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Putting on a 'game face' may actually boost your performance.

Notas do Editor

  1. Putting on a 'game face' may actually boost your performance. 上班時嚴肅一點,不用再假笑了!
  2. At the 2016 Rio Olympics, Michael Phelps was caught on camera glaring as he prepared for the men's 200-meter butterfly final. The look, popularly known as Phelps face, became an example of a concept that has long been familiar in sports: the game face. 在2016年里約奧運會上,邁克爾·菲爾普斯(Michael Phelps)在為男子200米蝶泳決賽做準備時被照相機刺眼。 這種外觀通常被稱為菲爾普斯(Phelps)臉,已成為人們長期以來在體育運動中很熟悉的一個概念:遊戲臉。
  3. But could putting on a serious face in preparation for competition actually impact performance? According to a new study published in Stress and Health by experimental psychology researchers at UT, there may be substance to game face. 但是,擺出嚴肅的面孔為比賽做準備是否會真正影響表現呢? UT的實驗心理學研究人員在《壓力與健康》雜誌上發表的一項新研究表明,遊戲面孔可能存在實質性問題。
  4. Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee. "Game face may not only improve performance in cognitive tasks, but it could also lead to better recovery from stress," said Matthew Richesin, master's student and lead author of the study, which was co-authored with Associate Professor of Psychology Debora Baldwin, Michael Oliver, a postdoctoral fellow in the UT Graduate School of Medicine, and fellow graduate student Lahai Wicks. 研究的主要作者和碩士班學生的馬修·里奇森說:“遊戲面孔不僅可以改善認知任務的表現,而且還可以更好地緩解壓力。” 邁克爾·奧利弗(Michael Oliver)是UT醫學院研究生院的博士後,同時也是研究生Lahai Wicks。
  5. game face是表示面對艱難的任務或工作時,有堅定的決心,表情嚴肅認真。
  6. Put your game face on → 這是什麼意思? 一種很常聽到的俗語講法, 由其是指要比賽前或比賽中, 代表認真比賽以及對自我信心表現的來的表情。
  7. This study examined an expression that is colloquially called a "Game Face": which refers to a serious, focused or determined facial expression. 這項研究檢查了一種俗稱“游戲面孔”的表情:這是指認真、專注或確定的表情。 The current study examined whether Game Face expressions would influence psychophysiological response (e.g., heart rate and skin conductance) and performance. 當前的研究檢查了游戲面孔的表情是否會影響心理生理反應(例如,心率和皮膚電導)和表現。
  8. In an investigation of physical performance (Study 1), participants (N = 62) were asked to complete the cold-pressor task. 在對身體表現的調查(研究1)中,要求參與者(N = 62)完成冷壓任務。
  9. Study 2 tested cognitive performance utilizing a puzzle task. 研究2使用難題任務測試了認知表現。
  10. In both studies, one group was asked to make a Game Face, and the other was given no instruction related to facial expression. 在兩項研究中 一組被要求表現出游戲面孔,而另一組則未獲得與面部表情相關的指示。
  11. Results show no significant differences in performance on the physical task. 結果顯示,身體任務的表現沒有顯著差异。 In terms of cognitive performance, results reveal significantly better performance in the Game Face group. 在認知表現方面,結果顯示“游戲面孔”組中的表現明顯更好。 Additionally, assessments of skin conductance show that participants, who employed the Game Face during the cognitive task, displayed significant decreases from baseline following the puzzle manipulation. 此外,對皮膚電導的評估表明,在認知任務期間使用游戲面孔的參與者在進行拼圖操作後顯示出相對于基綫的明顯下降。 ==================================================== In the second experiment, participants were tasked with completing as much of a 100-piece black-and-white mandala puzzle as possible within five minutes. In this case, the game face group performed on average 20 percent better, while also demonstrating better stress recovery compared to the control group. ==================== In Study 2, making a Game Face does indeed benefit performance and reduce SNS activation during and after a cognitive task. Participants altering their facial expression by making a Game Face completed on average, 4.13 more puzzle pieces than their control group counterparts. Although the difference between the control and the experimental group is seemingly small, it is important to note the difficulty of the puzzle. The highest score on the puzzle task was 21 pieces; this reflects a 19.6% increase in performance for the experimental group. This supports the notion that utilizing a Game Face during a cognitive task was successful in improving performance when compared with those given no direction regarding facial manipulation.
  12. These results are promising regarding performance on a cognitive task and sympathetic nervous system activation, in concert with making a Game Face. 這些結果對於在認知任務和交感神經系統激活方面的表現,以及與製作游戲面孔相結合,都是有希望的。