Air Pollution Lesson PowerPoint, Weather and Climate Unit

• Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are
emitted from combustion
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Carbon
Carbon
Oxygen
Oxygen

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.

-Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations
when appropriate.
-Example of indent.
-Skip a line between topics
-Don’t skip pages
-Make visuals clear and well drawn.

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow
directions, complete projects as described
and answer required questions neatly.

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Website Link:

 New Area of Focus: Air Quality and
Pollution

 Air Pollution can be…
 -
 -
 -

 Global:
 Ex. Global Warming, Ozone Hole

 Global:
 Ex. Global Warming,

 Regional
 Ex. Acid Rain

• Map showing greatest acid rain
concentrations in the U.S.

 Local
 Ex. Smog, Urban heat

• Homework Question! - Please describe a few
types of air pollution and their sources.
– You will not be able to copy each one, so just get
the names and maybe a bit of info.

• Natural Sources of pollution

• Natural Sources of pollution
– Forest Decay CO2
– Volcanoes – SO4
– Nitrogen Decay NO4
– Methane Decay CH4
• Note – Natural Sources more than double
human sources

• Sulfur oxides especially sulfur dioxide are
emitted from burning of coal and oil.

• Burning Coal (to create electricity) also emits
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide a greenhouse gas)

Carbon
Carbon

• Nitrogen oxides especially nitrogen dioxide
are emitted from high temperature
combustion.

• Nitrogen oxides especially nitrogen dioxide
are emitted from high temperature
combustion. AKA - Smog

• Smog over Beijing

• Smog over Beijing
Air Pollution. Learn more at…
http://www.epa.gov/air/urbanair/

• Asthma: A condition in which your airways
narrow and swell and produce extra mucus.

This can make breathing difficult and trigger
coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.
– Reading link / learn more about asthma and air
pollution at..
http://www.nrdc.org/health/effects/fasthma.asp

This can make breathing difficult and trigger
coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.
– Reading link / learn more about asthma and air
pollution at..
Reading link / learn more about asthma and air
pollution at..

• Carbon monoxide is colorless, odorless, non-
irritating but very poisonous gas.

irritating but very poisonous gas. It is a
product by incomplete combustion of fuel
such as natural gas, coal or wood.

irritating but very poisonous gas. It is a
product by incomplete combustion of fuel
such as natural gas, coal or wood. Vehicular
exhaust is a major source of carbon
monoxide.

 To avoid carbon monoxide poisoning, Do
not…
 -
 -
 -
 -

 Run a car in a closed garage.

 Burn charcoal indoors or in a tent.

 Run a generator inside.

 Burn anything without ventilation.

• Fire and Carbon Monoxide Alarm.
– Cost about 15 dollars.

• Video Link. (Optional) Carbon Monoxide
Poisoning.
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmgIqVwytwA

• Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s), such
as hydrocarbon fuel vapors and solvents.

• No open burning laws in some states allow
people to burn waste with high levels of
VOC’s

• Burning household waste releases VOC’s

• Ammonia (NH3) emitted from agricultural
processes.

• Odors, such as from garbage, sewage,
and industrial processes

• Particulates.
– Trillions of tiny particles
Dust, smoke, pollen, salt, chemicals, etc.

• Water has a neutral pH, and therefore
dissolves solutions or compounds of any pH.

• Acid Rain is caused by Nitrogen and Sulfur
dioxides. aka – Air pollution.
NO3NOx
SO2

• Video Link! Acid Rain
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HE6Y0iEuXMQ

• Activity! Acid Rain.
– Draw one of the following on a note card
depending on the number assigned.
• 1 Car D
• 2 Phytoplankton O
• 3 Fish Q
• 4 Pond N
• 5 Forest Fire E
• 6 Factory C
• 7 Condensation G
• 8 Wind I
• 9 Rain Cloud J
• 10 Precipitation K
• 11 Insects R
• 12 Volcano B
• 13 Dead Fish F
• 14 Sensitive Mtn .Plants M
• 15 Dead Pine tree L
• 16 Coal underground A
• 17 Dead Insects P
• 18 Cloud H

– Draw one of the following on a note card
depending on the number assigned.
• 1 Car D
• 2 Phytoplankton O
• 3 Fish Q
• 4 Pond N
• 5 Forest Fire E
• 6 Factory C
• 7 Condensation G
• 8 Wind I
• 9 Rain Cloud J
• 10 Precipitation K
• 11 Insects R
• 12 Volcano B
• 13 Dead Fish F
• 14 Sensitive Mtn .Plants M
• 15 Dead Pine tree L
• 16 Coal underground A
• 17 Dead Insects P
• 18 Cloud H
On the next slide you will
place your note card one at
a time and try to create how
air pollution becomes acid
rain and how it effects the
ecosystem.

A
B C D E
F
G
H I J
K
L
M
NOPQ R

Acid Rain. Learn more at…
http://www.epa.gov/acidrain/

– Place each card on the board in a logical
manner to represent how Acid Rain forms,
travels, falls, and damages ecosystems.

• Acid rain: Any form of precipitation that is
unusually acidic. Usually around a pH of 5

• Question: If you swim in a pond that is
affected by acid rain will you look like this?

• Answer: No! The change in pH (Acidity) will
be small. This will have a large impact on
the micro-organisms which then moves up
the food chain.

• Answer: No! The change in pH (Acidity) will
be small. This will have a large impact on
the micro-organisms which then moves up
the food chain.
The result… A lake that looks
beautiful but is biologically dead.

• Cleopatra’s Needle in Egypt. (Dry)
– Misnamed: They are ancient Egyptian
obelisks and not connected to Cleopatra.
– Three were removed from Egypt and brought
to London, Paris and New York.

• Brought to New York City
• Water + Chemical Pollution =

• Activity / Video – View Video and Conduct
Activity (Optional)
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a5qRnbhtako
– Directions are on video.
– Draw a before and after along with a quick
procedure.
– Materials, glass, chalk, vinegar, paper clip.

• Radioactive pollutants produced by nuclear
explosions, war explosives, and natural
processes such as the radioactive decay of
radon.

• Radioactive pollutants produced by nuclear
explosions, war explosives, and natural
processes such as the radioactive decay of
radon.
– Note, gases below are water vapor, Nuclear plant would
to have a meltdown to release radioactive pollutants.

• Radioactive Fallout: Chernobly Disaster

• The 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power
plant in Japan after Earthquake and
Tsunami.

• Note – Don’t freak out! Meltdown would be
very rare. But knowing evacuation routes
and the dangers of nuclear fallout from a
radioactive cloud is important.

• Fireworks contain toxic metals, such as lead,
cadmium and copper.

• Class Poll!
Town members donating
several thousand dollars
for fireworks celebration
on July 4th which pollutes
local area for the reason
of celebration.
_____
No celebratory fireworks,
but having local band
play patriotic tunes while
historians talk about The
American Revolution.
______

• Particulate matter (PM), measured as smoke
and dust.

and dust.
– PM 10 is the fraction of suspended particles 10
micrometers in diameter and smaller that will
enter the nasal cavity.

and dust.
– PM 10 is the fraction of suspended particles 10
micrometers in diameter and smaller that will
enter the nasal cavity.
– PM 2.5 has a maximum particle size of 2.5 µm
and will enter the bronchies and lungs.

• Activity! – Particulate matter in our building
– Science Room
– Teachers Room
– Gym Closet
– Cafeteria
– Custodial Room
– Outside
– Office
– Control

• Please observe the simulated data of
Particulate Matter (PM) from a building.

• Please rate each area
on a 1-5 Scale of PM
• 1 – Same as control
• 2 – Low PM
• 3 – Medium PM
• 4 – High PM
• 5 – Very High PM

• Control 1

• Control 2

• Control 3

• Control Office

• Control Teachers Room

• Control Custodial Room

• Control Outside

• Control Science Room

• Control Cafeteria

• Control Gym Closet

• N = 1 Is not enough data to accurately say
anything.
– Let’s do this 400 hundred more times and see
if we get the same results.

• N = 1 Is not enough data to accurately say
anything. Let’s do this 200 hundred more
times and see if we get the same results.

• Please write a short paragraph / evaluation
of the schools air quality
– Some considerations in statement
• Was the level of PM high or low?
• What places should we test again?
• Do the results surprise you?
• Why do you think the results are what they are?
• Can we base anything on such a small number of
samples?

• Clean Air Act (1970) created federal and
state regulations to limit emissions from both
stationary (industrial) sources and mobile
sources.

http://www.epa.gov/ozone/science/
missoz/

“Caution!”
“Some of the
reading is
long and
difficult.”

• Activity! Role Play
• Main Roles

• Main Roles
– Farley (Reporter)

• Main Roles
– Newspaper Chief

• Main Roles
– Newspaper Chief
– Female Scientist

• Main Roles
– Newspaper Chief
– Global George (Earth)

• Main Roles
– Newspaper Chief
– Global George (Earth)
– Doctor Guy

• Smaller Roles
– Refrigerator Inventor

• Smaller Roles
– Computer Processor Guy

• Smaller Roles
– Computer Processor Guy
– Automobile Air Conditioner Service Person

Chief then Farley to start

Chief then Farley

Female Scientist and then Farley

THE END
• Actors and Actresses please line up and
take a bow.

 Ozone Layer
 -
 -
 -
 -

 Layers of atmosphere

 Gas made of 3 oxygen atoms (O3).

• Ozone is a good thing in the upper
stratosphere.
– Ground level ozone is a very dangerous form
of air pollution.
– Learn how ground level ozone forms.
– http://sites.schooltools.us/sites/CoolScience/fil
euploads/_Ozone%20Creation.swf

• Ground level ozone (O3) formed from NOx
and VOCs.

• Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), harmful to the
ozone layer emitted from products currently
banned from use.

 Absorbs 99% of suns harmful UVB rays

 Chloroflurocarbons, (CFC’s) made by
humans in aerosols destroy ozone.

Chlorine
Gas

Chlorine
Gas
Fluorine
Gas

Chlorine
Gas
Fluorine
Gas
Carbon

 Humans have created a hole in the ozone
layer.

• Hole is concentrated at poles, but pockets can be
found globally.
– Why should you care?

The ozone layer and hole. Learn more at…
http://www.theozonehole.com/

• Try Again! Try and identify the picture
beneath the squares.
– Raise your hand when you think you know.
You only get one guess.

“Grandma, I
think you
should wear
some
sunscreen.”

• Weather and Climate PowerPoint Review
Game I

Areas of Focus within The Weather and Climate Unit:
What is weather?, Climate, Importance of the Atmosphere, Components
of the Atmosphere, Layers of the Atmosphere, Air Quality and Pollution,
Carbon Monoxide, Ozone Layer, Ways to Avoid Skin Cancer, Air
Pressure, Barometer, Air Pressure and Wind, Fronts, Wind, Global Wind,
Coriolis Force, Jet Stream, Sea Breeze / Land Breeze, Mountain Winds,
Mountain Rain Shadow, Wind Chill, Flight, Dangerous Weather Systems,
Light, Albedo, Temperature, Thermometers, Seasons, Humidity / Water,
Oceans, Roles of Oceans, El Nino, La Nina Cycle, Dew Points, Clouds,
Types of Clouds, Meteorology, Weather Tools, Isotherms, Ocean
Currents, Enhanced Global Warming, Greenhouse Effect, The Effects of
Global Warming, Biomes, Types of Biomes.
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.
html

• This PowerPoint is one small part of my
Weather and Climate Unit. This unit
includes…
– A 5 part 2,500+ PowerPoint roadmap.
– 16 page bundled homework and modified
version that follows slideshow + answers.
– 19 pages of unit notes with visuals
– 25+ video links, two PowerPoint review games,
rubrics, materials, list, curriculum guide, and
much more.
– http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_
Unit.html

• Please visit the links below to learn more
about each of the units in this curriculum
– These units take me about four years to complete
with my students in grades 5-10.
Earth Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Geology Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html
Astronomy Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html
Weather and Climate Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html
Soil Science, Weathering, More http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html
Water Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html
Rivers Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html
= Easier = More Difficult = Most Difficult
5th – 7th grade 6th – 8th grade 8th – 10th grade

Physical Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Science Skills Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods.
html
Motion and Machines Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html
Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html
Atoms and Periodic Table Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html
Life Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Human Body / Health Topics
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html
DNA and Genetics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html
Cell Biology Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html
Infectious Diseases Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html
Taxonomy and Classification Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html
Evolution / Natural Selection Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html
Botany Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html
Ecology Feeding Levels Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm
Ecology Interactions Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html
Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html

• The entire four year curriculum can be found at...
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/ Please feel free to
contact me with any questions you may have.
Thank you for your interest in this curriculum.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com

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