Communication Technology

1. College of Fishery Science
Jabalpur
2017-18
Subject-Information & Communication
Technology
Topic -Communication process; Cone of Experience

2.  Communication is sending and receiving information between two or more people.
 The person sending the message is referred to as the sender, while the person
receiving the information is called the receiver.
 The information conveyed can include facts, ideas, concepts, opinions, beliefs,
attitudes, instructions and even emotions.
 The goal of communication is to convey information—and the understanding of
that information—from one person or group to another person or group.

3.  Verbal communication
It is simply sending a message through a spoken language that is understood by
both the sender and receiver of the message. Examples of verbal communications
include face-to-face talking, listening to a lecture or seminar, and listening to a
television program
 Written communication
It is sending a message by the use of symbols that are understood by both the
sender and receiver of the message. If you are reading the transcript of this
lesson, you are engaged in written communication.
 Non-verbal communication
It includes facial expressions, the tone and pitch of the voice, gestures displayed
through body language and the physical distance between the communicators.

5. Sender: The sender or the communicator is the person who initiates the
conversation and has conceptualized the idea that he intends to convey it to
others.
Encoding: The sender begins with the encoding process wherein he uses
certain words or non-verbal methods such as symbols, signs, body gestures,
etc. to translate the information into a message. The sender’s knowledge,
skills, perception, background, competencies, etc. has a great impact on the
success of the message.
Message: Once the encoding is finished, the sender gets the message that
he intends to convey. The message can be written, oral, symbolic or non-
verbal such as body gestures, silence, sighs, sounds, etc. or any other signal
that triggers the response of a receiver.
Communication Channel: The Sender chooses the medium through which he
wants to convey his message to the recipient. It must be selected carefully in
order to make the message effective and correctly interpreted by the recipient.

6. Receiver: The receiver is the person for whom the message is
intended or targeted. He tries to comprehend it in the best possible
manner such that the communication objective is attained. The degree
to which the receiver decodes the message depends on his knowledge
of the subject matter, experience, trust and relationship with the
sender.
Decoding: Here, the receiver interprets the sender’s message and
tries to understand it in the best possible manner. An effective
communication occurs only if the receiver understands the message in
exactly the same way as it was intended by the sender.
Feedback: The Feedback is the final step of the process that ensures
the receiver has received the message and interpreted it correctly as it
was intended by the sender. It increases the effectiveness of the
communication as it permits the sender to know the efficacy of his
message. The response of the receiver can be verbal or non-verbal.

9.  Dale’s Cone of Experience is a visual model that is composed of
eleven (11) stages starting from concrete experiences at the
bottom of the cone then it becomes more and more abstract as it
reach the peak of the cone.
 Also, according to Dale, the arrangement in the cone is not
based on its difficulty but rather based on abstraction and on the
number of senses involved. The experiences in each stages can
be mixed and are interrelated that fosters more meaningful
learning.