The document summarizes the main English tenses - Present, Past, and Future - including their typical uses and examples. For each tense, it lists the basic verb forms and common time signal words used with that tense.

1. Tenses in Present form Purpose of Use Examples Signal words
Present Simple Tense General truths. The Earth goes around the Sun.
[ subject + auxiliary verb + main verb + object ]-verbs For habits and routines. My wife watches the TV in the evening. everyday/ sometimes/
s + do/does + base verb + o Fixed arrangements. His mother arrives tomorrow. always/ often/ usually/
(N & Q) Repeated actions or events. It rains every afternoon in the hot season. seldom/ never/ first………then
[ subject + model verb + main verb + object ]-modals Future arrangements or constructions. We'll give it to her when she arrives.
s + can/ could + base verb + o
[ subject + main verb + object ]-verb be
s + am/is/are + o
Present Prograssive / Continuous Tense Present actions or an action that is going on at this moment. You are using the internet.
[ subject + auxiliary verb + main verb + ing + object ] Temporary actions. Mary is working at McDonald's in the summer holidays. now/ at the moment/ look!/ liste
s + am/is/are + base verb + ing + o longer actions in progress. I'm training to become a professional shooter.
Future plans or arrangements. Are they visiting you next winter?
Tendencies or trends. More and more people are becoming vegetarian.
An irritation or an anger My boss is constantly criticizing me.
Present Perfect Tense Past experience and precise time is not important. He has been to United States.
[ subject + auxiliary verb + main verb + object ] Past actions continuing in the present. Have you played the piano since you were a child? just/ yet/ never/ ever/ already/
s + have/has + past participle + o Change or new information in the very recent past. Have you just finished work? so far/ up to now/ for/ since/
Uncompleted actions you are expecting. Susan hasn't mastered Japanese, but she can talk. recently
Multiple actions repeated at different times. They have seen that film six times.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense Past action just stopped now and indicating a duration. She has been studying at that institution for three years.
[ subject + auxiliary verb + auxiliary verb Past action continue in the present. I have been waiting for you all day.(I'm still waiting now) all day/ for/ since/ how long/
+ main verb + object ] the whole day
s + have/has + been + base verb + ing + o
Tenses in Past form Use Examples Signal words
Past Simple Tense Past actions finished at an indefinite point of time. People lived in caves a long time ago.
[ subject + auxiliary verb + main verb + object ]-verbs Series of completed actions in the past. Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and the add the eggs? last………/ ………….ago/ in 1990/
s + did + base verb + o Past actions finished at definite point of time. She finished her work at 7 o' clock. yesterday
[ subject + main verb + object ]-verb be Past habitual actions. I drove to work every day when I worked with that company.
s + was/were + o Past facts or generalizations which are no longer true. She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.
Past Prograssive / Continuous Tense Action interrupted in the past While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
[ subject + auxiliary verb + main verb + object ] Specific time as an interruption At midnight, we were still driving through the desert. while
s + was/were + base verb + ing + o Parallel actions in the past They were eating dinner,discussing their plans and having
a good time.
Repetition and irritation with the word "always" He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
Past Perfect Tense An action in the past before another action in the past. I wasn't hungry. I had just eaten.

2. [ subject + auxiliary verb + main verb + object ] already/ just/ never
s + had + past participle + o
Past Perfect Continuous Tense It expresses longer actions in the past before another action Her friends had been thinking of calling the police when she
[ subject + auxiliary verb + auxiliary verb + main verb in the past. walked in. how long/ since/ for
+ object ]
s + had + past participle + base verb + ing + o
Tenses in Future form Use Examples Signal words
Future Simple Tense For no plan We will see what we can do to help you.
[ subject + auxiliary verb + main verb + object ] For prediction John Smith will be the next president. in a year/ next………tomorrow/
To express spontaneous decision I'll pay for the tickets by master card. I think/ probably/ perhaps
s + will + base verb + o To express willingness I'll do the washing up.
To express unwillingness I won't leave until I've seen the manager.
To make an offer (shall) Shall I open the box?
To make a suggestion (shall) Shall we go to the cinema tonight?
To ask for advice or instructions (shall) What shall I tell the boss about the trip?
To give orders You will do exactly as I say
To give an invitation Will you come to the dance with me?
Future Continuous Tense Used to project ourselves into the future. By Christmas I will be skiing like a profession.
[ subject + auxiliary verb + auxiliary verb + main verb Used for predicting or guessing about future events. You'll be missing the sunshine once you're back in UK. in one year/ tomorrow/ next week
+ object ] Used to ask politely for information about the future. Will I be sleeping in this room?
Used to refer to continuous events that we expect to happen When he is in Australia he will be staying with friends.
s + will + be + present participle + o in the future.
(base + ing) Used for events that are already happening now and that we Unfortunately, sea levels will still be rising in twenty years.
expect to continue some time into the future.
Future Perfect Tense Used to express an action which the speaker assumes The patient will have recovered from illness by the next month.
[ subject + auxiliary verb + auxiliary verb + main verb will occure.
+ object ] Used to express completion an action in the future before John will have learnt English before he moves to UK.
s + will + have + past participle + o another activity happens.
(3rd form of the verb)
Future Perfect Continuous Tense Use to express longer actions extending up to some He will be tired when he gets here. He'll have been travelling
[ subject + auxiliary verb + auxiliary verb + specific event or time in the future. all day.
auxiliary verb + main verb + object ]
s + will + have + past participle +
(3rd of the verb)
present participle + o
(base + ing)

3. n
listen
eady/
ce/
ng/

4. week