1. LEVELS OF PREVENTION
IN HEALTH
Presented by
Ms.sandhya.M,

2. DEFINITION OF PREVENTION:
 The Management OfThose FactorsThat
Could LeadTo Disease So AsTo PreventThe
OccurrenceOf the Disease.
 - Mosby dictionary

3. Different level of
prevention

4. PRIMORDIAL PREVENTION
 Definition:
 It is the prevention of emergence of
risk factors in populations, in which they have
not yet appeared .
INTERVENTIONS:
 The main intervention in primordial
prevention is through individual and mass
health education.


5. PRIMARY PREVENTION:
 DEFINITION:
 Primary prevention can be defined as
action taken prior to the onset of
disease,which removes the possibility that a
disease will ever occur .

6.  Population (mass) Strategy
 High- risk Strategy:

7.  Population (mass) Strategy:
 It is directed at the whole population
irrespective of an individual risk levels.
 High- risk Strategy:
 It aims to bring preventive care to
individuals at special risk.This requires
detection of individuals ar high risk by the
optimum use of clinical methods.

8. INTERVENTIONS:
 General Health promotion
 Specific protection:

9. General Health promotion
 Health education
 Environmental modifications
 Nutritional interventions
 Lifestyle and behavioural changes.

10. General Health promotion- ct,d
 Health education to improve healthy habits and
health consciousness in the community.
 Improvement in nutritional standards of the
community.
 Healthful physical environment (Housing,
watersupply, excreta disposal,etc.,)
 Good working condition
 Mariage Counselling
 Periodic Selective examination of risk population.

11. Specific protection:
 Use of Specific immunization (BCG, DPT,MMR
vaccines)
 Chemoprophylaxis (tetracycline for Cholera, dapsone
for Leprosy, Chloroquine for malaria,etc.,)
 Use of specific nutrients (vitamin A for Children, iron-
folic acid tablets for Pregnant mothers)
 Protection against accidents (Use of helmet,
seatbelt,etc.,)
 Protection against occupational hazards.
 Avoidance of allergens.
 Protection from air pollution.

12. SECONDARY PREVENTION:
Definition:
The action which
halts the progress of a
disease at its incipient
stage and prevents
complications”.

13. Objectives of secondary
prevention:
 Complete cure and prevent the progression of
disease process.
 To prevent the spreads of disease by curing all the
known cases.
 To prevent the complications and sequel of disease.
 To shorten the period of disability.

14. INTERVENTIONS:
 Individual and mass case-finding measures.
 Screening surveys(urine examination for
diabetes,etc.,)
 Selective examination

15. TERTIARY PREVENTION

 All meaDefinition:sures available to
reduce or limit impairments and disabilities,
minimize suffering caused by existing
departures from good health and to promote
the patient’s adjustment to irremediable
conditions

16. MODES OF INTERVENTION:
 i) Disability limitation
 ii)Rehabilitation

17. Disability limitation:
 Disease
Impairment
Disability
Handicap

18. REHABILITATION:
 Medical rehabilitation: (restoration o
 Bodily Function).
 Vocational rehabilitation:( restoration of
 the capacity to earn a livelihood)
 Social rehabilitation: (restoration of family
 and social relationship).
 Psychological rehabilitation: (Restoration
 of personal dignity and confidence)

19. EXAMPLES FOR REHABILITATION:
 Establishing schools for the blind.
 Prevention of aids for the crippled.
 Reconstructive surgery in Leprosy.
 Change of profession for a more suitable one
and modification of life in general in the case
ofTB,etc.,

20. V