This document discusses Indonesia's commitment to transitioning to cleaner energy sources. It outlines Indonesia's large potential for renewable energy like solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal, but notes that currently only a small percentage of 2.5% of this potential is being utilized. The document emphasizes that the transition must be collaborative and consider each country's circumstances, and that developed countries who polluted more have more responsibility to reduce emissions. It concludes that the transition principles of no one being left behind and mutual benefit between countries are important to guide the process.

1. Presented in 3rd Asian Pollution Control And Sustainable Energy
Sampe L. Purba – Indonesia
May-21
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-ND.

2. Outline
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Green Economy – Green Energy – Energy Transition
World Wide Implementations
Carbon Tax and Emission Trade
Global Framework to monitor
Global Energy and Electricity Consumption pattern
Indonesia Commitment to Cleaner Energy
Concluding Remarks

3. Green Economy – Green Energy – Energy Transition
 Green Economy :
UNEP  Low carbon, Resource efficient and Socially inclusive
 Sustainable Development Goals (17 goals)
Detailed into targets, events, publication and actions
 No one left behind :
Pro poor – Pro Job – Pro Growth
Green Energy :
- Renewable, Sustainable at no or less carbon dioxide, not harm to the
environment
 Issues of Technology, Price affordability, Competitive Advantage
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4. Worldwide Implementation
• Kyoto Protocol (adopted 1997 – effective 2005) – UNFCCC
Industrialized Countries --> responsible more on GHG emission on atmosphere
Introducing Market Based Mechanism ( International Emission Trading, Clean
Development Mechanism, Joint Implementation)
- Ruin the genuine intention of ultimate GHG emission reduction
- (one can keep producing CO2, so long as it can afford to offset emission)  as the
objective is to keep world atmosphere cleaner
- The paradox dilemma is :
Developing Countries limiting exploiting its backbone on natural resources, accumulating
its carbon credit, only to be traded to industrialized country who keep producing high CO2
product at higher price
 How can we lift the poverty and no one left behind ?
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5. Carbon Tax and Emission Trade
 will it help to really reduce the pollutant carbon ?
As market mechanism apply :
• Theoretically you may produce CO2 as
much as you can, so long as you can
afford to buy from the surplus one
• One country may impose carbon tax
on you, not based on the amount of
CO2 you really produce, but based on
what is shown on your carbon
balance sheet
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6. Global Framework to monitor
Paris Agreement (2015)
• Legally binding international treaty on climate change
• To limit global warming, up to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre industrial level
• Economic and social transformation
• Nationally determined contribution (NDCs), will be closely reported and monitored
Framework :
• Global support for Financial, technical and capacity building support
• What project to support, who will give support and whose service to be paid
Threat : - Limiting and restricting financial fund for non clean powerplant project;
• - Restriction and embargo on product with CO2 footprint
• - Green certificate
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7. How the Consumption Pattern of energy in the The world
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NOT MUCH WORLD PROGRESS ON RENEWABLE ENERGY – Even in Developing Countries
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2020

8. One who consume
more, should take
more responsibility
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9. Electricity Consumption Per Capita
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Conserve the Environment is not only about Production,
but how low and efficient you consume the energy and electricity

10. Mood and Consistency of World Leaders
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11. OUR National Commitment to Cleaner Energy
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12. Issues in Electricity Power Plant
• Existing Power Plant
• Source of Energy vs Demand
Concentration
• Transmission Line
• Covenant Related Financing
• LCOE
• CaPex – Opex
• Trilemma Energy (Availability,
Accessibility, Affordability)
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LEVELIZED COST OF ELECTRICITY CHALLENGE TO FACE

13. PENTAHELIX Ecosystem on Renewable Energy
EKOSYSTEM
PENTAHELIX
Of
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
Government
BUSINESS
ACADEMICIANS
Society
MEDIA
MEDIA
Education, Campaign,
Awareness, Environment,
Conservation, National
Pride
Coorporation/ Business Community
Powerplant and Fuel, supporting services,
Employment, Contribution to National Budget,
Economy drive
ACADEMICIAN
Research, Pilot project, technology blueprint
and choice, transfer of technology
Society and Association
Socialization, Funding,
Collaboration, Training, active
participation
Government
Policy, Regulation, National Standard, Guidance and
Supervision, facilitator
13
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14. Concluding Remarks
• Commitment to Cleaner Energy should be a real commitment, taking into account
each country’s specific circumstances
• One who polluted more, should take more responsibility. Carbon trading
mechanism is somewhat more like a tactical trap by polluter producers and huge
energy consumers rather than genuine effort to reduce carbon dioxide > Vicious
Circle Of Atmosphere Pollution
• Renewable Energy policy should not be used as instrument by Developed
Countries to press and dictate Developing Countries
• Transition to renewable energy should be on collaborative global effort to
achieve mutual benefit
• SDG principle : NO ONE LEFT BEHIND has to be foundation of Energy Transition
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15. Brief CV
• Sampe L. Purba is Senior Advisor to Minister of EMR Indonesia on Economy of
Natural Resources. His main role is to give strategic advisory on the policy
formulation and management of natural resources, discuss and help solve issues
across the concerned stakeholders and functions. He is also Chair of Committee
Audit in the Ministry. He has been experiencing 30 years assignment within private,
semi and government institution in several technical and managerial positions
mainly related to commercial, finance, legal and audit of oil and gas business
management. Prior to joining ministry, his early career was in BPKP, and then in
SKKMIGAS for more than 15 years.
• He holds bachelor and master degrees in Economics, Accounting, Finance and Law,
from reputable domestic and university abroad. Currently he pursues his study in
doctoral degree in Indonesia Defense University, concentrating in Energy Policy.
• Mr. Purba attended many seminars, symposium and workshops both as participants
and speaker, domestics and abroad
• Mr. Purba is also a member of several professional association such as IPA, AIPN,
EITI, PERADI, and IAI
• Email : sampepurba@gmail.com
May-21 15

19. 19
SAMUDERA
PANAS BUMI
BIOENERGI
BAYU
HIDRO
SURYA
17,9 GW
23,9 GW
32,6 GW
60,6 GW
75 GW
207,8 GW
0 MW*) (0%)
2.130,7 MW (8,9%)
1.895,7 MW (5,8%)
154,3 MW (0,25%)
6.078,4 MW (8,1%)
150,2 MWp (0,07%)
Total Potensi
417,8 GW
Total Pemanfaatan
10,4 GW (2,5%)
POTENSI
KAPASITA
S
TERPASA
NG
EBT
VS
MWp : Mega Watt Peak
*) Penelitian Energi Samudera:
• Teknologi gelombang laut:
o Oscillating Water Column (OWC) berpeluang ditempatkan di perairan selatan Enggano.
o Heaving Device berpeluang di wilayah Mentawai.
• Teknologi energi panas laut: Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), di Perairan Bali Utara.
• Telah dilakukan Feasibility Study teknologi Arus Laut di Selat Alas (antara P. Lombok dan P.
Sumbawa), Selat Sape (antara P. Sumbawa dan P. Komodo) dan Selat Pantar (antara P. Pantar
dan P. Alor) oleh Balitbang ESDM