2. Introduction
Community mobilization
is one of fundamental concepts of primary health care
which requires participation of people living in a
community.
is very important in achieving the noble goal of
healthcare approach system tags, “prevention is better
than cure”
is good tool for nurses/midwives PRACTICE for
helping community to address health related
problems
3. -
It involves bringing together all resources in the
community for the purpose of addressing numerous
health related problem confronting people confined in
a geographical area
is a concept to be imbibe in order to provide quality
health care services to the public in 21st century.
4. Learning objectives
At the end of this presentation participants should be
able to
Define of terms
Definition of community mobilization
Describe the importance of community mobilization
in PHC
Outline the steps involved in community mobilization
Describe advocacy in community mobilization
State the composition and function of development
committees
5. community
Community is a term derived from common in
unity-.
it deals with groups of people in an area having
something in common to share.
is defined as a group of individual who are dependent
on each other and are bound in time and space
(Sridhar Rao, 2009).
it involves sharing of values and norms.
6. Types of communities
It is based on the purpose that brings the together
A) interest – share the same interest e.g. social group
B) action – act together to bring change eg human
right,
C) place – are together by geographical boundaries eg
northeast, bauchi state
D) practice – people of the same profession doing
same activities eg nurses, doctors lawyers
E) circumstances – are together because of
circumstances eg patients, handicaps,
7. The common things they share
The common things they share are;
religion,
tribe,
education,
culture,
profession,
occupation,
environment (healthy environment) and
resources
8. Mobilization
it is making people and resources ready to move or act.
According to Online Cambridge Dictionary - is to bring or
to prepare something such as group of people for a
purpose.
Oxford dictionary defined it as the action of organizing
and encouraging a group of people to take collective action
in pursuit of a particular objective.
It is an action of bringing resources into use for a particular
purpose.
Medical dictionary – defined it as assembling or
preparation of something in response to a need.
It involves organizing people to act together for the
purpose addressing health related problems in a
community.
9. Community mobilization
it is an act of bringing human and non-human
resources for a purpose.
It is bringing people together to pursue common
interests by creating a sense of unity, ownership and
self-control.
Tope-Ajayi (2004) viewed community mobilization as
a means of
encouraging,
influencing and
arousing interest of people to make them actively
involved in finding solutions to some of their own
problems.
10. -
• For this, It is the process of getting people to
overcome their differences, to begin a dialogue on
an equal basis to determine issues that affect their
community.
Community mobilization is goal oriented act or exercise.
It facilitates the implementation of research, critical
thinking and evidenced based practice as well as
community participation.
It is an indispensable concept in Primary healthcare
system globally and Nigeria.
11. What type of community do we
have?
The typical community in Nigeria is a
community that is having problem of
resources and facilities required for essential
healthcare.
This imposes problems that are contributing
greatly to prevailing health problem in both
urban and rural communities.
In fact, we (Nurses/Midwives) are practicing
community with numerous problems such
as;
12. -
. Lack of food supply and nutrition
Lack of adequate clean water and basic
sanitation
Lack of adequate maternal and child health
including family planning services
Problem of immunization
Lack of adequate preventive and controlled
measures for locally endemic diseases
Lack of qualified healthcare providers
13. Yes, is a community of
Inappropriate treatment of common diseases and
injuries
Lack of essential drugs
Lack of adequate viable healthcare facilities
Lack of cohesion and organization
Lack of roads, and electricity
Social Malaise – hunger, poverty, discrimination,
Illiteracy, insecurity, and Lack of political will
Erroneous Belief that the political leaders and
bureaucrats will alleviate their problems but always
disappointed and neglected by their elected political
leaders.
14. ooooooooooooooooooooh
This calls for community mobilization
Where will interact and arrive at solutions to
those affecting health of the people in our
community
15. The importance of community mobilization
primary Healthcare and nursing practice
It is important because it involves bringing
people together for the purpose of
-assisting them to become aware of their -
problems,
assessing and identifying their felt needs
participating in addressing identified health
problems
Ensuring quality healthcare is provided to
public.
16. -
it helps in meeting the main goals of
PHC and core responsibilities of a nurse
namely;
Health promotion
Diseases prevention
Alleviation of suffering
Restoration of health via appropriate,
screening, Treatment and Rehabilitation
Policy development, planning, evaluation
and advocacy
17. Roles of community mobilization to
PHC
. Identify and define their health problems and needs
Plan how to proffer solutions to these problems with their
resources and support from healthcare providers
Promote effective interaction among individuals in the
community
Foster or encourage reliance in PHC
Promote increased community members awareness and
rights to healthcare
Facilitates changes in health behavior and increase access
to information and services for those who need them
Mobilize the required human and material resources in
order to achieve the set objectives
Utilize the health facilities provided.
18. Steps for community mobilization
The steps are grouped into 3
categories as follows;
Fact findings
Planning
Implementation and evaluation
19. The specific steps are
Getting to know the community, provide information
& create interest
Analysis, this involves Identification of resources,
Problem identification, Identification solutions &
projects
Decision making &selection of leaders by community
Identification stakeholders
Planning & selection of implementing leaders
Project implementation by community
Follow -up & monitoring
Evaluation
20. Skills for community mobilization
mobilization acronyms can be used;
M- Maintain a sense of humour, and be patient,
O- Open your mind and heart and you will receive on open
warm welcome;
B- Build upon the positive aspects of the local culture,
religion, knowledge, and tradition; brick by brick, work with
the people to build up their lives with dignity and honour.
I-Initiate but do not lead. You are a catalyst of inspiring
development activities; and not the boss.
L- Learn from the men and women: the whats the whys, the
whens and the hows of their situation and poverty.
I-Identify the people’s needs; or rather facilitate them to
identify their need. Remember awareness raising is the first
step towards mobilization.
21. -
S- Sit together, share ideas and experiences
A-Avoid talking in terms of money: rather talk in terms
of working together. Don’t be authoritative, and don’t
talk big.
T-Talk simply- do not use complex language; your task
is to communicate effectively.
I-Involve the community from the very beginning; don’t
start a project, and then start to bring in community
participation mid-way through.
O- Organize the people to draw up their own plans for
their development
N-Never assume that you are right and they are wrong;
in most cases you will discover that they are in fact right
but you had failed to listen!
22. People involved in the community
mobilization are
Political leaders
Traditional leaders
Religious leaders
Opinion leaders
School teachers
NGOs
Health workers
TBAs
23. Advocacy in community mobilization
For effective community mobilization advocacy is required
in order to give optimal public support for policy toward
addressing identified health problems in the community.
Then what is advocacy?
Advocacy is a set of actions undertaken by a group of
individuals or organizations working in partnership to build
consensus, gain support or create a favourable environment
for introducing or changing specific strategies, programmes,
laws or policies (N&MCN Module 2, n.d).
in fact, in is an activity by an individual or group which
aims to influence decisions within political, economic and
social systems(Wikipedia.org).
24. Steps in advocacy process
Proper understanding of subject matter for which
advocacy is done
Identify and clarify issue- why advocacy is needed and
expected result
Build partnership
Select audiences i.e. beneficiaries, partner, decision
makers and adversaries
Develop messages centered on goal
Determine communication channel
Prepare carefully for meetings
Monitor and evaluate
25. Composition of PHC committees
What is PHC Committee?
PHC committees are known as PHC
development committee.
These committees are to be used for
effective community mobilization and
advocacy
This is because they formed to support
the effective delivery of PHC.
26. Types of PHC development
committees
Health facility development committee
Village PHC development committee
District level committee
L.G.A level committee
27. Health facility development
committee composition
- representative of the staff of the facility
representative of religious group
representatives of occupational
group/association
Representatives of NGOs
Head of secondary or higher school
Representative of formal leaders
28. Function
Monitor and evaluate impact of PHC services
on the health status of the community
Liaise with other official living in the
community
Plan for health and welfare of the community
Supervise PHC delivery services in the facility
Provide adequate support to volunteer village
health worker/TBAs
Forward facility health plan
29. Village PHC development committee
composition
Village head – Chairman
Primary Headmaster - Secretary
Representatives of religious groups
Representatives of Association
Representatives of NGOs
30. Function
To plan for health and welfare of the community
To set achievable local health targets
Supervise the implementation of developed health plan
in the village
To monitor and evaluate the progress of PHC activities in
the community
Select appropriate persons within the community for
training as TBAs
Supervise activities of VVHWs
Mobilize community member for health action
Remunerate VVHWs in cash or in kind
Forward local health plan
31. District development committee
composition
District head - Chairman
All village heads within the district
Heads of all tertiary institutions within the district
Heads of all associations in the district HQs
District health supervisor
District Agricultural Officer
District development officer eg social & welfare officers
Representatives of religious groups
Representatives of NGOs
Representatives of Police and security service
32. Functions
Identify health and health-related needs in the district
Identify local human and material resources in order to meet
those health needs
Mobilize and stimulate active participation of community
members in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of
PHC programmes
Source or raise fund for community health project when
necessary
Liaise with government and other voluntary agencies in finding
solutions to health and other related problems in the district
Monitor activities at both health facility and and village level
Forward all health plans of village facility and district levels to
LGA authority
33. LGA PHC management committee
composition
LGA Chairman - Chairman
Supervisory councilor for health
LGA PHC Director/Coordinator (Secretary)
LGA Secretary
Coordinator of CHO training programme (where applicable)
District head(s) within the LGA
Heads of other departments in the LGA
Representatives of religious groups
Representative of NGOs
Representatives of the International Health Organizations
in the LGA (where applicable)
34. Function
To provide overall directions for PHC
To plan and manage PHC services in the
LGA
To identify training needs of health
workers and send them for training
To mobilize communities for effective
participation in PHC
To supervise the activities of LGA PHC
Coordinator
35. Conclusion
All of us here are living and practicing in
various communities
We share so many things in common
We know and indeed deeply concern with
health related problem in the community
We are desirous and eager to help
Why can we mobilize and advocate for our
communities?
The answer is
