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Investing
in the Future
Vinod Khosla




               khosla ventures
                            0
5 Billion people want to live
like 500 Million do today




                            1
We need
incremental and disruptive
solutions.




                             2
We need
incremental and disruptive
solutions.




Big Companies do
incremental well.


                             3
We need
incremental and disruptive
solutions.




Disruptive challenges
demand disruptive solutions.


                               4
We need
incremental and disruptive
solutions.




Disruption
is what VCs do well


                             5
“All progress
depends upon the
unreasonable man”
GEORGE BERNARD SHAW




                      6
Disruption by Increments
Disruption by Increments



Evolutionary
pathways to
revolution
Disruption by Increments


               Adjacent Possibles
Evolutionary
               Groups
pathways to
               Clusters
revolution
               Autocatalysis
“ Cynics never do the impossible, achieve the
 improbable, take on the inadvisable. Hope
 is only path to extraordinary success.
 C ORY BO O KER
 ( Tw e e t b y N J Ma yo r )
Our willingness to fail gives us the
ability and opportunity to succeed.




                                       11
Our willingness to fail gives us the
ability and opportunity to succeed.



    It is not because things are difficult
“   that we do not dare, it is because
    we do not dare that they are
    difficult.
    Seneca



                                             12
Our willingness to fail gives us the
ability and opportunity to succeed.




“Only those who dare fail greatly can
  achieve greatly.
  R o b e rt F. Ke n n e d y




                                        13
Black Swan Events

Rarity

Extreme impact

Retrospective Predictability
Success vs. Impact
                 100%
                        Most large
                        company
                        innovation

                 75%

                                          Most Venture
                                          Investments
Probability of
 Technology      50%
 Succeeding
                                                         Accidental Venture

                 25%

                                                                       Black Swan



                             25%              50%            75%              100%


                                     Chance of Disruptive Impact
10,000
Intelligent
Shots
10,000
Intelligent
Shots       10
            Googles
            or more!
It‟s ok to fail
as long as it is
worth succeeding


                   18
Nothing that defies
the law of
economic gravity
can scale
Nothing that defies
      the law of
      economic gravity
      can scale


Economics matter
                        20
Disruptive
Portfolio

             21
A million year crude production cycle
reduced to minutes and market
competitive
                                        22
Engine that delivers 50%+
vehicle efficiency at
lower cost




                            23
What if coal based electricity could be
75% cleaner and we used 75% less of
it? Clean coal without ever taking it
out of the ground




                                          24
Turning problem carbon
dioxide into a feedstock
for building materials

                           25
No compromise 80% more efficient
pay for itself lighting




                                   26
New thermodynamic cycles
      and thermoelectrics




                    Silicium
                    Energy
                           27
5x cheaper grid scale energy storage
using only air




                                   28
Inexpensive high-
density energy
storage




                    29
Renewable fuels:
Food--‐grade sugars
from any biomass




                      30
Advanced Agriculture –cut fertilizer &
pesticide use and increase yields




                                         31
New Metals:
Reinvent materials science &
approach theoretical perfection at
large scale




                                     32
Winners take
(almost) all



               33
The
illusion of
knowing
The
illusion of
knowing
              VS
The
illusion of
knowing
              VS
                   Knowing
                   that we
                   don‟t know
Ignore the
experts.
             38
“Heavier‐than‐air flying
 machines are impossible
 LORD KELVIN
 President, Royal Society, 1895
“   There is no reason for any
    individuals to have a computer in
    their home
    K e n O ls e n / Pr e s i d e nt a n d F o u n d e r o f D E C , 1 9 7 7
McKinsey: US Mobile Subscribers
     1980 forecast for 2000




 Forecast
McKinsey: US Mobile Subscribers
     1980 forecast for 2000




 Forecast           Actual
Yesterday‟s technology,
tomorrow‟s forecast
Could McKinsey or an analyst have
predicted?


      Phone                 C o m p u te r            In te r net



 S o c i a l M e d ia                                G e n e ti c
                        C l i m a te C h a n g e
  (Facebook, Twitter)                              En g i n e e ri n g



  Be r l i n Wa ll        C h i n a ‟s R i s e     Ar a b Sp r i n g

                                                                         45
Chasing false precision


               Input the measurable
Forecasting
Flaws         Ignore the immeasurable


               Obscure assumptions
Experts are poorer forecasters
than dart‐ throwing monkeys
Te tl o c k Stu d y
Tetlock study showed:



No relation between experience and
accuracy.
(Based on thousands of forecasts made by
hundreds of experts)



                                           48
Ecosystem, culture and mindsets….




                                    49
“Any sufficiently complexpossible reaction „auto -
 make many if not every
                          mixture of elements will

 catalyzed‟ by some other element in the mixture
 ST U ART KAU F F MAN
                                                   50
Increase odds of auto-catalysis



             Attitude


             Clusters


             Density
                                  51
Engineer your
company‟s genes
              52
PLAN
Culture of
experimentation
Try frugally and fail fast
More “tail risk” is a good thing!




                                    56
Failed
tactics….
        VS

            Failed
            strategies
Insurance, option value and risk reduction

                                             58
Not for the faint of heart




                             59
Venture assist to succeed




                            60
“The best way to predict the
 future is to invent it
 Al a n Ka y




                               61
T h a n k Yo u
vk@khoslaventures.com
Developed and Designed by

Salahuddin Khawaja
salahk@gmail.com




    More at Decklaration.com


ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Salah has 14 years of experience, primarily in the
Financial Services Industry. Before joining JP Morgan he
spent 11 years at Deloitte & Touche helping Fortune 500
clients with various types of Strategic Initiatives.

He is currently is based in Hong Kong with responsibility
for delivering the next generation platform for Securities
Processing.



Areas of Expertise: Strategy Development, Business
Transformation, System Integration, Program & Project
Management, Mobile Strategy, Data Analytics, Executive
Presentations


Sample Clients: Bank of America, Citi , MasterCard



                                                       63

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Khosla Investing in the Future

Notas do Editor

  1. Source: Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of “The Black Swan”
  2. http://bucks.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/20/market-forecasts-are-just-guesses/
  3. the folly of predictions: tetlock studyhundreds of experts.80,000+ “expert” forecasts & 20+ yearsresults: experts are poorer forecasters than dart‐ throwing monkeysSource: http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/12/05/051205crbo_books1
  4. Source: American Heritage Magazine ‐ http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/it/2007/3/2007_3_8.shtml
  5. Source: American Heritage Magazine ‐ http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/it/2007/3/2007_3_8.shtml
  6. India’s phone to toilet ratio
  7. Source: http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/12/05/051205crbo_books1why?Source: http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/12/05/051205crbo_books1“…. experts were much tougher in assessing the validity of information that undercut their theory than they were in crediting information that supported it.”‐ Tetlock
  8. India’s phone to toilet ratio
  9. India’s phone to toilet ratio
  10. Undetermined planning
  11. the vision to imagine the possible to embrace and nurture the improbablebut with the discrimination to eliminate the impossible, and to prioritize the best improbables