Attention deficit Hyperactivity disorder

2. Faculty of Education, University of Sindh Jamshoro.
27-Oct-2016

3. A mental disorder of
the neurodevelopmental type.
It is characterized by:
Problems paying attention, excessive
activity, or difficulty
controlling behavior
which is not appropriate
for a person's age.
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

4.  Affects children and teens and can
continue into adulthood.
 Most commonly diagnosed mental
disorder of children.
 These behaviors interfere with school and
home life.
 More common in boys than in girls.
 Usually discovered during the early school
years.
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

5.  Despite being the most commonly studied
and diagnosed mental disorder in children
and adolescents.
 Cause is unknown in the majority of cases.
 The World Health Organization (WHO)
estimated that it affected about 39 million
people as of 2013.
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

6. ADHD was first clearly described by
George Still in 1902.
As DSM Means (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders)
 DSM-I (1952) "minimal brain dysfunction",
 DSM-II (1968) "hyperkinetic reaction of
childhood",
 DSM-III (1980) "attention-deficit disorder
(ADD) with or without hyperactivity".
 In 1987 this was changed to ADHD in the
DSM-III-R and the DSM-IV
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

7. Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

8. Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635
Inattention:
 Is easily distracted
 Doesn't follow directions or finish tasks
 Doesn't appear to be listening
 Doesn't pay attention and makes careless mistakes
 Forgets about daily activities
 Has problems organizing daily tasks
 Doesn’t like to do things that require sitting still
 Often loses things
 Tends to daydream

9. Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635
Hyperactivity:
 Often squirms, fidgets, or bounces when sitting
 Doesn't stay seated
 Has trouble playing quietly
 Is always moving, such as running or climbing
on things (In teens and adults, this is more
commonly described as restlessness.)
 Talks excessively
 Is always “on the go” as if “driven by a motor”

10. Impulsivity:
 Has trouble waiting for his or her turn
 Blurts out answers
 Interrupts others
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

11.  Chronic lateness and forgetfulness
 Anxiety
 Low self-esteem
 Problems at work
 Trouble controlling anger
 Impulsiveness
 Substance abuse or addiction Unorganized
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635
ADHD Symptoms in Adults:

12.  Procrastination
 Easily frustrated
 Chronic boredom
 Trouble concentrating when reading
 Mood swings
 Depression
 Relationship problems
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635
ADHD Symptoms in Adults:

13. Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635
Who is affected by ADHD?
 3 to 5% of children have an ADHD
 Boys are three times as likely as
girls to be affected
 ADHD touches people of all ages
(including adults)

14. Root causes of ADD/ADHD
 According to several international studies,
ADHD has a genetic link.
 There are some environmental factors.
 Dietary concerns that many researchers
believe increase the risk and in many cases,
worsens the symptoms.
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

15. Root causes of ADD/ADHD
 Refined sugar
 Artificial sweeteners
 Chemical food additives
 Nutritional deficiencies
 Preservatives foods
 Food allergies
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

16. Medical Treatment:
 The most common treatment of ADD/ADHD
medications such as:
Ritalin and Adderall
 Ritalin is a central nervous system stimulant,
that can cause nervousness, agitation,
anxiety, insomnia, vomiting, an increased
heart rate, increased blood pressure.
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

17. Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

18. Top Foods For ADHD
 Additive-free, Unprocessed Foods:
Avoid Artificial sweeteners, preservatives, and colorings
 Foods High in B-Vitamins: B vitamins, green leafy
vegetables, bananas, grass-fed beef.
 Poultry : Tryptophan is an essential amino acid.
 Eat Breakfast: breakfast helps the body properly regulate
blood sugar and stabilize hormone fluctuations.
 Fish: Wild Caught Salmon and Tuna:
Vitamin B-6, Omega 3. should consume wild salmon or
tuna at least twice per week.
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

19. Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635
Foods
to
Avoid

20.  Sugar
 Gluten
 Conventional Dairy
 Food Coloring &
Dyes
 Caffeine
 MSG and HVP
 Nitrites
 Artificial Sweeteners
 Personal Food
Sensitivities /
Allergens
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635
ADHD Foods to Avoid

21. Top 5 Natural Remedies for ADHD
 Fish Oil (1,000mg daily)
 B-Complex (50 mg daily).
 Multi-Mineral Supplement (including zinc,
magnesium, and calcium)
 Probiotic (25-50 billion units daily)
 GABA (250 mg 2x daily)
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

22. Essential Oils For ADHD
 According to a study published in the
American Medical Association Journal,
essential oils of vetiver and cedarwood are
very effective in improving focus and calming
down children with ADHD.
 For memory and concentration, rosemary
and peppermint oils have been shown to
improve alertness while enhancing memory.
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

23. Lifestyle Changes for Children with ADHD
 Show Affection (and ask for it)
 Provide Opportunities for Success
 Regular Physical Exercise & Outdoor
Playtime
 Create a Child-Friendly Organizational
System
 Teach Your Child to Cook
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

24. Lifestyle Changes for Adults with ADHD
 Create an Organizational System That
Works for You
 Use Technology to Your Advantage
 Regular exercise
 Get More Sleep
Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635

25. Sajjad Hassan MEdu2K1635
Sajjad Hassan
Faculty of Education
University of Sindh, Pakistan
2016