Composite materials find their application in our day to day life. with growing climatic changes across our mother earth, it is highly required that we switch our demands towards products made up from natural fibers. Natural fiber though environment friendly have their own challenges i.e. less strength, high wear and tear during usage, reactive with surrounding environment and most important of all they have very weak mechanical properties as compared to synthetic fiber composites. Thus, in order to counter these challenges, we have to enhance mechanical, chemical and biological properties of natural fibers through inducing mechanical properties, treatment with chemicals and modifying biologically or with nanotechnology. First, we have properly elaborated about natural fibers their sources, classifications, examples, advantages and applications, then we have efficiently informed about natural fiber composites and their advantages and how they differ from synthetic fiber composites technically, environmentally, economically, physically and chemically. After informing the basics behind natural fibers and natural fiber composites, we have given enough information on how to induce mechanical properties of natural fiber composites. To understand the method, we have given the chart of mechanical properties of different fibers in advance to understand the process efficiently. Then we have given several processing techniques like compounding and injection molding, modification procedures like physical, biological chemical and nanotechnology modifications and treatment using alkaline, silane, acetyl, benzoyl, acryl, isocynate, coupling agent’s permanganate peroxide and sodium chloride for inducing and enhancing mechanical properties of natural fiber composites. Then we have informed briefly about the advanced applications of natural fiber composites in automotive and construction industry. Innovations in natural fiber composite industry in fields of electronics, sports and automobiles by different corporates in their own brands. Then with the given data we have analyzed future scope of natural composite market in next 15 years by various nations and different industries in fields of automobile, construction and electronics for manufacturing various products. To get precise report on natural fiber composites we have informed about present scenario such as driving motives to keep them in use, challenges faced and factors which affect the natural fiber composite industry.

1. 1
RESEARCH REPORT

2. 2
INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
AND
ADVANCED APPLICATIONS
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]

3. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
3
FI FIBERS
Fibers are a class of hair-like material that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces,
similar to pieces of thread.
 They are used as components of composites materials or spun into threads & ropes.

4. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
4
CO COMPOSITES
Composite materials are heterogeneous materials consisting of two or more solid phases, which are
in intimate contact with each other on a microscopic scale.

5. Natural fiber is a type of renewable sources and a new generation of reinforcements and supplements
for polymer based materials.
INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
5
NF NATURAL FIBERS

6. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
6
N1SOURCES
NATURAL FIBERS
PLANTS MINERALS ANIMALS

7. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
7
REINFORCED NATURAL FIBERS/FILLERS
PLANT FIBERS MINERAL FIBERS ANIMAL FIBERS
BAST FIBER
LEAF FIBER
ASBESTOS FIBER
STALK FIBER
SEED FIBER
FRUIT FIBER
CERAMIC FIBER
HAIR FIBER
SILK FIBER
AVIAN FIBER
METAL FIBER

8. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
8
PLANT FIBERS
BAST FIBER
FIBERS ARE COLLECTED FROM THE SKIN OR BAST SURROUNDING THE STEM
FLAX HEMP JUTE RAMIE

9. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
9
PLANT FIBERS
LEAF FIBER
FIBERS COLLECTED FROM LEAVES
ABACA BANANA SISAL PINEAPPLE

10. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
10
PLANT FIBERS
STALK FIBER
WHEAT RICE MAIZE OAT
FIBERS COLLECTED FROM STALK

11. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
11
PLANT FIBERS
SEED FIBER
FIBERS ARE COLLECTED FROM SEEDS OR SEED CASES.
COTTON KAPOK MILKWEED COIR

12. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
12
PLANT FIBERS
FRUIT FIBER
FIBERS ARE COLLECTED FROM THE FRUIT OF THE PLANT
COCONUT

13. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
13
PLANT FIBERS
WOOD FIBER
FIBER DERIVED FROM WOOD
BALSA (HARDWOOD) TIMBER (SOFTWOOD)

14. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
14
MINERAL FIBERS
ASBESTOS FIBER
THE ONLY NATURALLY OCCURRING MINERAL FIBER.
CHRYSOTILE SERPENTINE AMPHIBOLE AMOSITE

15. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
15
CERAMIC FIBER
FIBER OBTAINED FROM GLASS FIBERS.
MINERAL FIBERS
GLASS ALUMINIUM OXIDE SILICON CARBIDE BORON CARBIDE

16. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
16
METAL FIBER
FIBERS PREPARED FROM METAL ORES
MINERAL FIBERS
ALUMINIUM SILVER STAINLESS STEEL GOLD

17. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
17
ANIMAL FIBERS
HAIR FIBER
FIBER OR WOOL TAKEN FROM ANIMALS OR HAIRY MAMMALS.
SHEEP WOOL GOAT HAIR ALPACA FUR HORSE HAIR

18. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
18
SILK FIBER
FIBER COLLECTED FROM DRIED SALIVA OF BUGS OR INSECTS DURING THE PREPARATION OF COCOONS.
ANIMAL FIBERS
SILKWORM

19. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
19
AVIAN FIBER
FIBERS ARE COLLECTED FROM FEATHER OF BIRDS.
ANIMAL FIBERS
KAPOK

20. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
20
N2 ADVANTAGES
NATURAL FIBER
 High specific properties with lower prices of natural fiber composites are making it attractive for
various applications.

21. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
21
 RENEWABLE
 EASILY AVAILABLE
 RECYCLABLE
 BIODEGRADABLE
 LOW DENSITY
 HIGH STABILITY
 SATISFYING MECHANICAL AND ACCOUSTIC PROPERTIES.
 ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY.
 PRODUCTION IS ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FRIENDLY.
 LOW INVESTMENT FOR PRODUCTION.
 REDUCED FOGGING BEHAVIOUR DURING MANUFACTURING.
 OPTION FOR NEW PRODUCTION MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY.

22. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
22
N3 APPLICATIONS
NATURAL FIBER

23. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
23
BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY STORAGE DEVICES INDUSTRY FURNITURE INDUSTRY

24. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
24
TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY SPORTS INDUSTRY TEXTILE INDUSTRY

25. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
25
NCNATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
Natural fiber composites are a composite material consisting of a polymer matrix embedded with high-
strength natural fibers, like jute, oil palm, sisal, kenaf, and flax.

26. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
26
C1 ADVANTAGES
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
 Natural fibers reinforced composites are emerging very rapidly as the potential substitute to the
metal or ceramic based materials in applications that also include automotive, aerospace, marine,
sporting goods and electronic industries.

27. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
27
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES
 Renewable raw material base
 Biodegradable
 Reduced fossil fuel and resource consumption
 Lower Greenhouse gas emissions
 Lower overall emissions and environmental impacts
 Energy recovery from incineration
ECONOMIC ADVANTAGES
 Rising petroleum prices, technological progress and scale economies.
 Raw materials available at very low cost.

28. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
28
C2DIFFERENCES
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
SYNTHETIC FIBER COMPOSITES
vs

29. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
29
ASPECTS PARAMETER
COMPOSITES
NATUAL FIBER SYNTHETIC FIBER
TECHNICAL
MECHANICAL PROPERTY MODERATE HIGH
MOISTURE PROPERTY HIGH LOW
THERMAL PROPERTY HIGH LOW
ENVIRONMENTAL
RESOURCES INFINITE LIMITED
PRODUCTION LOW HIGH
RECYCLABILITY GOOD MODERATE

30. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
30
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES SYNTHETIC FIBER COMPOSITES
 These are naturally obtained.
 Colors of these are obtained naturally.
 These are eco-friendly.
 These are comparatively less durable than
synthetic fibers.
 These are chemically composed.
 Color of these are artificially obtained.
 These are eco-friendly.
 These are more durable than natural
fibers.

31. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
31
MP
INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

32. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
32
P1 PROPERTIES

33. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
33
FIBER COMPOSITE DENSITY (g/𝒄𝒎 𝟐
) ELONGATION (%) TENSILE STRENGTH (MPa) YOUNG’s MODULUS
COTTON 1.5-1.6 7-8 287-597 5.5-12.6
JUTE 1.3 1.5 393-773 26.6
FLAX 2.7-3.2 345-1035 27.6
HEMP 1.6 690
RAMIE 3.6-3.8 400-938 61.4-128
SISAL 1.5 2.0-2.5 511-635 9.4-22
COIR 30 175 4-6.02
VISCOSE 11.4 593 11
SOFT WOOD 1000 40
KENAF 1.5 930 53
NETTLE 1.7 650 38
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

34. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
34
P2 PROCESSING

35. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
35
There are plain mixers like Brabender and many types of extruders. Extruders can be equipped with a single
screw or twin screws. In the case of twin screws they can co-rotate or counter rotate. The screws can be shaped
just for transportation like an Archimedes screw, it can be conical to build up pressure or they can be of even
thickness equipped with kneading and dispersing elements to improve blending. The length to diameter ratio of
the screw as well as the free space for the material differs between screws also giving different residence time.
COMPOUNDING

36. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
36
The injection molding machine is defined and characterized by its clamp size and its injection capacity. Clamp
force ranges from a couple of tons to several thousands of tons. The most frequently used machines lie around
300 tons. Injection capacity ranges from a few grams to hundreds of kilograms. Most of the heat that is used for
melting granules evolves from friction between granules, and between the barrel and the screw. The size of the
screw often gradually increases.
INJECTION MOULDING

37. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
37
P3 MODIFICATION

38. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
38
THERMO TREATMENT FOLLOWED BY CALENDARING & STRETCHING
 Softening the lignin & hemicellulose, bringing it to surface & forming of water resistant surface
PLASMA TREATMENT
CORONA DISCHARGE AT ATMOSPHERIC PRESS
 This treatment does not at all affect the bulk properties of the natural fibres.
PHYSICAL MODIFACTIONS

39. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
39
BIOLOGICAL MODIFACTIONS
INVOLVES THE USE OF NATURALLY OCCURRING MICROORGANISMS, NAMELY BACTERIA AND FUNGI.
 Process is time consuming, water polluting & the quality of fibres obtained is very much dependent on
quality of water used.

40. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
40
UTILIZES CHEMICAL AGENTS TO MODIFY THE SURFACE OF FIBRES OR THE WHOLE FIBRE THROUGHOUT.
 Improve the adhesion between the fibre surface and the polymer matrix.
 Increase fibre strength.
 Reducing water absorption by composites (increasing moisture resistance).
 Improving mechanical properties of the composite materials.
CHEMICAL MODIFACTIONS

41. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
41
MODIFIES FIBRES FOR NEW FUNCTION ON THE SURFACE.
PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL IS ENHANCED
 Layer-by-Layer Deposition and Sol-Gel processes are the main approaches which have commonly
been employed.
NANO TECHNOLOGY

42. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
42
P4 TREATMENT
 ALKALINE TREATMENT
 SILANE TREATMENT
 ACETYLATION
 BENZOYLATION
 ACRYLATION
 COUPLING AGENTS
 ISOCYANATE TREATMENT
 PERMANGANATE TREATMENT
 PEROXIDE TREATMENT
 SODIUM CHLORITE TREATMENT

43. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
43
DISRUPTION OF HYDROGEN BONDING IN THE NETWORK STRUCTURE
SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL IS INCREASED
 This treatment removes a certain amount of lignin, wax and oils covering the external surface of the fibre cell
wall, depolymerizes cellulose and exposes the short length crystallites.
 The treatment changes the orientation of the highly packed crystalline cellulose order, forming an amorphous
region.
ALKALINE TREATMENT

44. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
44
SILANE (SiH4) TREATMENT
LET NATURAL FIBRES ADHERE TO A POLYMER MATRIX
COMPOSITE MATERIAL IS STABILIZED
 The silanol reacts with the hydroxyl group of the fibre, forming stable covalent bonds to the cell wall that are
chemisorbed onto the fibre surface.

45. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
45
ACETYLATION (CH 𝟑COO-) TREATMENT
ESTERIFICATION METHOD
CELLULOSIC FIBRES OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL ARE PLASTICIZED
 Chemical modification with acetic anhydride substitutes the polymer hydroxyl groups of the cell wall with
acetyl groups, modifying the properties of these polymers so that they become hydrophobic.

46. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
46
BENZOYLATION (C 𝟔H 𝟓C=O) TREATMENT
• Decreased hydrophilic nature of the treated fibre.
• Increasing the strength of composite.
• Decreasing its water absorption.
• Improving its thermal stability.

47. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
47
ACRYLATION (CH 𝟐=CHCO-)
 Acrylation reaction is initiated by free radicals of the cellulose molecule.
 Cellulose can be treated with high energy radiation to generate radicals together with chain scission.

48. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
48
COUPLING AGENTS
 Maleated coupling agents are widely used to strengthen composites containing fillers and fibre
reinforcements.

49. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
49
ISOCYANATE (-N=C=O) TREATMENT
 The isocyanate group is highly susceptible to reaction with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose and lignin in
fibres.
 Isocyanate is reported to work as a coupling agent used in fibre-reinforced composites.

50. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
50
PERMANGANATE (MnO 𝟒
−
) TREATMENT
 Permanganate treatment leads to the formation of cellulose radical through MnO3
- ion formation.
 Highly reactive Mn3+ ions are responsible for initiating graft copolymerization.

51. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
51
 In peroxide treatment, fibres are coated with Benzoyl peroxide or Dicumyl peroxide chemicals in acetone
solution for about 30 min after alkali pre-treatment.
PEROXIDE TREATMENT

52. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
52
BLEACHING OF NATURAL FIBRES WITH SODIUM CHLORITE WHICH CLEANS THE FIBRES THOROUGHLY
COMPOSITE MATERIALS ARE MADE ROUGH
 This roughness is responsible for better fibre – matrix adhesion which is possible because of the interlocking of
the rough fibre surface & the matrix polymer chains.
SODIUM CHLORIDE (NaCl) TREATMENT

53. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
53
AA ADVANCED APPLICATIONS
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

54. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
54
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
JUTE FIBER COMPOSITE
PRIMARY STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS
 Indoor housing elements.
 Low cost housing for defense, rehabilitation and transport.
AUTOMOTIVE PANELS MANUFACTURING
 Doors, ceilings, engine and passenger compartments.
BARK GREEN EPOXY COMPOSITE
AUTOMOTIVE INSTRUMENTS PANELS

55. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
55
CONTSRUCTION INDUSTRY
STRAW BALES
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
WOOD FIBER COMPOSITES
LOAD BEARING ELEMENTS
 Beam, roof, multipurpose panel, water tanks and pedestrian bridge.

56. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
56
A1 INNOVATION

57. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
57
INNOVATION OPPORTUNITIES FOR INDIA
 India, endowed with an abundant availability of natural fibers has focused on the development of
natural fiber composites primarily to explore value-added application avenues.
 The development of natural fiber composites in India is based on a two-pronged strategy of
preventing depletion of forest resources as well as ensuring good economic returns for the
cultivation of natural fibers.

58. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
58
INNOVATION IN ELECTRONICS
ECO MOBILE BY NEC2006
First time in world an environmentally sound material has been used for a mobile phone casing.
 MODEL NAME: FOMA(R) N701iECO
 MATERIAL USED
• Reinforcement: Kenaf
• Resin: Poly Latic acid
 ADVANTAGES
• Heat resistant
• Environment friendly

59. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
59
INNOVATION IN SPORTS
RACING BICYCLE WITH NFC
Museeuw bikes has developed first racing bike with flax carbon epoxy prepare.
 MODEL NAME: MF1, MF3, MF5.
 MATERIAL USED
• Reinforcement: Flax, Hemp.
• Resin: epoxy
 ADVANTAGES
• Good anti-vibration property
• low cost.

60. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
60
INNOVATION IN AUTOMOBILE
ECO PARTS IN AUTOMOBILE
 OEM & MODEL NAME: Ford Motor Co., 2010 Ford Flex CUV.
 APPLICATIONS: Trim bin.
 MATERIAL & PROCESS: Wheat-Straw-Reinforced PP, Injection molding.
 PROCESS INNOVATION: Highly automated D-LFT process by Damlier Chrysler.

61. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
61
FSFUTURE SCOPE
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
THE GLOBAL VISION OF THE BIO-ECONOMY FORESEES A MASSIVE ANNUAL REVENUE GROWTH FOR BIO
PRODUCTS.

62. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
62
CASE OF SUCCESS
 NATURAL FIBERS : Wood, Hemp, Flax, Kenaf.
 BIO-BASED POLYMER : PLA from corn and sweet potato
RESPOND TO THE NEEDS OF MATERIALS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
 To cope with limitation of petroleum supply.
 To cope with environmental pollution concern
ECONOMICALLY FAVORABLE COMPOSITES MADE OF
 Sustainable crop-derived plastics.
 Inexpensive crop-derived fibers as reinforcement

63. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
63
F1 MARKET
Natural fiber composites are new in Environment & Energy and sporting segments, but has healthy
potential to capture good market share in near future.

64. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
64
ANNUAL GROWTH
BIOFUELSBIOCHEMICAL
2016 TO 2030
36%
BIOMATERIALS
22% 25%

65. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
65
LUCINTEL‘s report on “NATURAL FIBRE COMPOSITES MARKET TREND AND FORECAST 2011–2016: TREND, FORECAST AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS‖ IN 2010”
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITE MARKET (million USD)
180.5
280.3
531.3
1037.8
2005 2010 2016 2030
COMPOUND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
2005 2010 2016 2030
15%
11%
19%

66. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
66
 NORTH AMERICA is the largest region for BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS.
 EUROPE is the largest region for AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS.
Asia is emerging as a big market for NFCs due to the rapidly increasing demand in China and India.

67. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
67
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY

68. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
68
APPLICATIONS FIBER OPPORTUNITY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
DOOR PANEL/INSERTS
KENAF/ HEMP WOOD
FIBER
Medium Lower weight Lower strength
REAR PARCEL SHELVES KENAF FLAX Medium Lower cost
High moisture absorption
SEATBACKS FLAX Medium Eco friendly
SPARE TIRE COVERS FLAX Medium Friendly processing Lower durability
OTHER INTERIOR TRIM KENAF FLAX Small
Thermal recycling is
possible
Poor fire resistance
SPARE-WHEEL PAN ABACA Medium
Good thermal and acoustic
insulation

69. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
69
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

70. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
70
APPLICATIONS FIBER OPPORTUNITY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
DECKING
WOOD FLOUR/FIBER
High Low life cycle cost Lower strength
RAILING SYSTEM High Low & easy maintenance
High moisture absorption
WINDOW FRAME High Low moisture absorption
FENCING FLAX Medium Lower variability than wood Lower durability
PANELS RICE HUSK, BAGASSE High
Eco friendly, Government
regulation
Poor fire resistance

71. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
71
ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY

72. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
72
APPLICATIONS FIBER OPPORTUNITY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
MOBILE CASE KENAF Medium Low cost Lower durability
LAPTOP CASE FLAX Medium Durable Poor fire resistance

73. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
73
PSPRESENT SCENARIO
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES

74. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
74
S1 DRIVERS

75. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
75
RAW MATERIAL SOURCE: Natural fiber composites made with easily available renewable sources.
PROPERTIES: Lighter weight, low energy consumption and low cost product.
VOLATILITY IN OIL COST: Impacts substitute materials market and NFC costs less so and
encourage world to use NFC.
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES: Natural fiber composites are eco friendly and help to reduce
global warming effect.
GOVERNMENT SUPPORT: Legislative/policy commitment to carbon reduction.

76. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
76
S2 CHALLENGES

77. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
77
MATERIAL QUALITY:
• Uniformity and consistency of raw material are major industry challenges.
• Lower impact strength, not suitable for applications requiring optimal strength.
• Low UV resistance limits market.
PROCESSSING:
• Natural Fiber variability and subsequent degradation while manufacturing composite products.
• Technological improvements needed.
INVENTORY OF RAW MATERIAL:
• Fibers are hydrophilic which drives potential degradation and biological attack by fungi.
• Subsequent difficulty to store for long periods of time.

78. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
78
S3 FACTORS
 THERE ARE EXTERNAL SEVERAL FORCES THAT SHAPES NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITE INDUSTRY.

79. INDUCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES
[FUTURE SCOPE AND PRESENT SCENERIO]
79
NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITE
INDUSTRY
CUSTOMERS SUPPLIERS
WORKFORCE
REGULATORS COMPETITORS
TECHNOLOGY
DISTRIBUTORS CATASTROPHE INNOVATION
 CAPITAL
 PERFOMANCE
 PROCESS
 MACHINES
 DISASTERS
 RECESSION
 INSTABILITY
 SKILLS
 LOCATION
 AVAILABILITY
 TRADITIONAL
MARKET
 ANALYSIS
 SPECIALIZATION
 EFFCIENCY
 SERVICE
 SOURSCING
 EFFICIENCY
 QUALITY
 PARTNERSHIP
 SERVICE
 GLOBALIZATION TAX CREDITS
 WASTE LAWS
 PROGRAMMES

80. 80
THANK YOU