Use of Participatory Design to Understand Aesthetic and Cultural Sensibilities for Reminiscing About a Dear Departed
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The paper documents two attempts at Participatory Design (PD); analyzing the successes and challenges that were experienced, strategies applied to overcome some of those challenges and in afterthought, lists improvements that could help extract richer results. The premise of the project was to design a service that could enhance the experience of reminiscing about a dear departed. This service was meant to come into play once the user had completed the mourning process and accepted the loss. Despite conducting User Interviews and Brainstorming intently upon design ideas, the outcome of ideation seemed to lack the appropriate mood and sensitivity that would suit someone who reminisces upon a dear departed. The authors then approached PD to gain a deeper understanding of user needs, sensibilities and better sensitivity towards the tone of the design while dealing with a delicate subject like fond reminiscence of a dear one who has passed on.
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Use of Participatory Design to Understand Aesthetic and Cultural Sensibilities for Reminiscing About a Dear Departed
- 1. Useof Participatory Design to understand aesthetic and cultural sensibilities for reminiscing about a dear departed
- 2. Aboutthe Project Why we chose Participatory Design
- 3. Reminiscingabouta dear departed Project for • Enhancing the experience of reminiscing • For personal reminiscence For Users who • Fondly remember their parents and grandparents • Have accepted the loss and overcome the grief
- 4. Reminiscingabouta dear departed Despite • User Interviews • Brainstorming Ideas lacked • Appropriate mood • Sensitivity
- 5. Participatory Design a brief history
- 6. What is ParticipatoryDesign (PD)?
- 7. How was it first used?
- 8. The first independent Trade Union in Poland during Communist rule, and this strike marked the beginning of organized resistance against the Communist Party.
- 9. How isit used today?
- 10. Preparation Methodology | Recruitment | Materials
- 11. Methodology Recruitment Orientation Ideation Discussion
- 12. Recruitment Lost a beloved , 1-10 years ago Overcame grief Varied backgrounds 1:1 gender ratio 25-30 years old
- 13. Materials Sticker & illustrations Large sheets of paper Sticky notes Drawing material Craft material
- 14. The FirstSession Orientation | Objections | Feedback | Discussion
- 15. Orientation About PD About the project Theory of the 5 senses Discussion on Excerpt
- 16. Pain will surely accompanies the happiest of memories
- 17. We don’t want anything artificial.
- 18. We don’t want to plan for this. We prefer serendipity.
- 19. Change instrategy Presentation of our idea Feedback and discussion
- 20. Tangible-virtual Shrine to the deceased • “Oh no.” • “That would take up too much space.” • “It would be wrong.”
- 21. Creating a virtual immortal • “This is ok. If you make sure it doesn’t pop up before users who don’t want it”
- 22. Creating a presence • Nope • “The user could loose their mental balance after using this for a prolonged period of time.”
- 23. Conjuring a beloved for conversation • “This would work better without having the holographic representation. That makes it spooky.” • “Can this be used for therapy?”
- 24. Recreating a memory • “This reminds me of Planchette.”.
- 25. Heirloom • “Hmm, how about having a family tree installation?”
- 26. Smart Mementoes • “This is alright as long as the sweater doesn’t randomly do stuff on its on. • “The diary is a good idea.”
- 27. We don’t want to plan for this. We prefer serendipity. • “This is good.” • “I’d want to use this.” • “This would also be great for dead celebrities and great people.”
- 29. Discussion Don’t want anything artificial No direct recreations of the deceased Enhance natural course of reminiscence Emergent: Unobtrusive and steady
- 30. Discussion Serendipity Design must constantly learn and become more accurate Design must have element of sweet surprise
- 31. TheSecondSession Recruitment | Ideas | Insights
- 32. Recruitment Lost a beloved , 1-10 years ago Overcame grief Varied backgrounds 1:1 gender ratio 25-30 years old 3 repeat & 2 new participants
- 33. Overview of the Ideas
- 35. Interactive installations that depict what the deceased loved or stood up for
- 36. Interactive Photo frame for the entire family
- 37. Interactive pendant for personal use
- 38. Mobile App to simulate conversation with the deceased
- 39. The mourning tree (existing concept)
- 40. Analysis Successes | Challenges | Insights
- 41. With respect to Reminiscence: • Avoid direct representations of deceased. • Refer to natural trigger and course of reminiscence.
- 42. With respect to PD • Role of Moderator • Role of the silent observer
- 43. • Many subtle points • Clear tone of service • Changed direction of design
- 44. • Explaining PD without influencing them • Limited to participants’ understanding of what could be possible • Not used to prototyping
- 45. Thank you! For guiding us: Prof Pramod Khambete, Prof Anirudha Joshi For helping with illustrations: Shyam Wanare, Anagh Saha, Snigdha Bannerji For participating in the workshops: Bhavin Shah, Sohini Ganguly, Narendra, Abhey, Deepanwita Ghosh, Shubhanga Narsimha.
Notas do Editor
- PD is a design approach through which the designers actively involve all the stakeholders in the design process, since its initial stage. It helps to ensure that the results meet the needs of all stakeholders. This design approach leads to more responsive results and appropriate user's cultural, emotional, spiritual and practical needs.
- The PD approach to design has a political dimension to it. It ensures user empowerment and democratization of design. Long time back, in 1960s, Workers and their unions were concerned that the introduction of computers would reduce their control over of their work situation. They saw that much of their work was being de-skilled and decisions that once were under their control were either being automated or moved higher up the organizational hierarchy. They feared that such a move will lead to them being laid off. Although there were laws which mandated cooperation between management and workers over the introduction of new technologies, but workers were concerned over this change. Researchers who were concerned that only the interests of management were being served by the design. The intention was to build up technical and organizational competence among workers and shop stewards in order to strengthen their position at the bargaining table. In order to overcome this, a strategy to rebalance the power of workers and management was experimented. The work of Nygaard and his associates in the NJMF project (Nygaard, 1979) was the foundation upon which later PD projects were launched. The strategy included a research agenda in which researchers and local trade unions explored the potential and actual consequences of introducing specific computer-based systems into the workplace and developed goals and strategies for workers and their unions to pursue in relation to management’s technological initiatives. Finally, they helped formulate and advocate the adoption of laws and agreements concerning union rights in relation to the introduction of computer based systems. The results of these efforts included increased bargaining power due to better informed workers, strengthened co-determination agreements, and national laws which guaranteed, to those who claimed their rights, information about management’s plans for new technology. In addition, articles were published on these projects leading to the emergence of an international community of researchers focusing on the interface between technology and the workplace. Soon other European countries were adopting this strategy and developing it. The main assumption guiding collaborations between researchers and workers was that if workers and their local trade union built up knowledge about the relations between technology and work, formulated their goals, and developed local and national strategies for giving voice to their interests, workers would be able to assert greater control over their working conditions.
- Recent PD projects have concentrated their efforts in the individual project space. In these projects users are represented in project groups and steering committees and take an active part in analysis and design, evaluation of standard systems, and organizational implementation. There has been reduction in company arena and national arena to create PD projects. As more and more PD researchers actively start working towards organizational and political change, we expect to see an increase in projects addressing effective participation strategies for company arena and national arena.
- With respect to Reminiscence: It would be wise to avoid direct representations of deceased. Taking reference from the natural trigger and course of reminiscence would be a much more aesthetically acceptable manner of designing for this subject.
- With respect to Reminiscence: It would be wise to avoid direct representations of deceased. Taking reference from the natural trigger and course of reminiscence would be a much more aesthetically acceptable manner of designing for this subject. With respect to PD Moderator must facilitate and guide the participants. A silent observer who may take note of concerns and needs as well as the attitude and other subtler messages given by the participants
- Many subtle points that would not have emerged through A clear tone of service that would be most preferred by users
- Explaining PD without influencing the user’s design thinking and ideas They found it very difficult to think out of the box, the ideas generated were limited to the participants’ understanding of what could be possible and was influenced by their professional background and knowledge of technology. Not used to prototyping and had difficulty in clearly communicating design ideas.