landscape of japanese architecture

1. 日本庭園
JAPANESE
GARDENS

2. It is an island nation in East
Asia. Located in the Pacific
ocean & often called the
"Land of the Rising Sun“
Japan is a strata volcanic
group of 6852 islands.
About 73 percent of Japan
is forested, mountainous,
and unsuitable for
agricultural, industrial,
or residential use.
日本
JAPAN

3. Japan is predominantly temperate but
varies greatly from north to south.
The northernmost zone, Hokkaido, has
a humid continental climate with long,
cold winters and very warm to cool
summers.
Precipitation is not heavy, but the
islands usually develop deep
snowbanks in the winter.
Average winter temperature in Japan
is 5.1 °C (41.2 °F) and the average
summer temperature is 25.2 °C (77.4 °F).
CLIMATE

4. INTRODUCTION
Japanese garden has a history
of 1000 years
The gardens of the Emperors
and nobles were designed for
recreation and aesthetic pleasure
Gardens of Buddhist temples
were designed for contemplation
and meditation.

5. Were developed under the
influences of the Chinese
gardens.
Japanese gardens first
appeared on the island
of Honshu the large central
island of Japan
Great gardens can be found
throughout Japan, with
particularly many in the former
capital of Kyoto.
Japanese landscape mainly
tries to symbolize islands in seas
covered with forests

6. HISTORYOF JAPANESEGARDENS
 Early Japan (before 794)
 Heian Period (794-1185)
 Kamakura and Muromachi Periods (1192-1573)
 Azuchi-Momoyama Period (1573-1603)
 Edo Period (1603-1867)
 Meiji period (1868-1912)
 Modern Gardens (1912 to present)

7. Early Japan (before 794)
One of the earliest garden forms in Japan were
sacred places in the midst of nature, which humans
marked by pebbles.

8. This early garden form can be recognized at
some ancient Shinto shrines

9. East Palace Garden at Heijo Palace (Nara)
Heijo Palace the imperial residence in the Japanese
capital city during the Nara period

10. Heian Period (794-
1185)
They began
building Shined
Gardens at their
palaces and villas,
large gardens which
were used for
elaborate parties and
for recreational
activities.

11. In the late Heian Period, Pure Land Buddhism gained
popularity, promising its devotees a spot in the Western
Paradise of the Amida Buddha or Pure Land.
Daikaku-ji Byōdō-inKyoto Imperial Palace Jōruri-ji

12. KamakuraandMuromachiPeriods(1192-1573)
The military rulers
embraced the newly
introduced Zen
Buddhism, which
would exert a strong
influence on garden
design
 The most extreme
development
towards minimalism
was the Karesansui
Dry Garden

13. Azuchi-Momoyama Period (1573-1603)
Tea gardens were
introduced during this period
Tokushima Castle garden
on the island of Shikoku
Tai-an tea house at Myōki-
an Temple in Kyoto built in
1582 by Sen no Rikyū
Bridges became the part of
the gardens during this time

14. Edo
Period(1603-1867)
During this period no major
change or feature was brought
to the garden.
The size of the elements were
made big.
Imitations of famous natural
landscapes, like Mount Fuji, or
scenes from Taoist or Buddhist
legends, or landscapes
illustrating verses of poetry
were made.

15. Meiji Period (1868–1912)
 The Meiji period saw the
modernization of Japan, and
the re-opening of Japan to
the west
 Many of the old private
gardens had been
abandoned and left to ruin.
In 1871, a new law
transformed many gardens
from the Momoyama and
Edo periods into public parks

16. Modern Gardens (1868 to present)
During the Showa period (1926–1988), many traditional
gardens were built by businessmen and politicians
 After World War II, the principal builders of gardens were
no longer private individuals, but banks, hotels, universities
and government agencies.
 The Japanese garden became an extension of the
architecture of the building. New gardens were designed by
architecture school graduates, and often used modern building
materials

18. BASIC RULES IN DESIGN OF JAPANESE GARDENS

20. Elements
Stone lanterns
Sculptures
Stone wash basin
Kio fishes
Bridges
Pathways
Ponds
Stepping stones
Water falls
Hills
Tea houes
Rocks
Water
Stones
Fence
Gate

29. Plants and trees
Garden of the 10th to 12th
centuries contained cherry, plum
trees, pines and willows.
Influence of the Zen sect and
watercolor painting from
Southern China transformed the
colorful Japanese garden in the
Middle Ages.
Flowers, flowering plants and
shrubs were regarded as signs
of frivolity and were replaced
by evergreen trees that
symbolized eternity.

30. Japanese Fir Japanese
stripped-bark
maple
Japanese
maple

31. Japanese
alder
Japanese
angelica tree

32. Japanese cherry
birch
Japanese
hornbeam

33. Japanese cornel
dogwood Japanese cedar
Bonsai and
bonseki

34. TYPES OF JAPANESE GARDENS
Karesansui Gardens Or Dry Gardens
Tsukiyama Gardens Or Wet Garden
Chaniwa Gardens Or Tea Gardens
Pocket Gardens

35. KARESANSUI/ DRY GARDENS
Also known as rock gardens and
waterless stream gardens.
Influenced by Zen Buddhism and
can be found at Zen temples of
meditation
Found in the front or rear gardens
at the residences.
No water presents in gardens.
raked gravel or sand that simulates
the feeling of water.
The rocks/gravel used are chosen
for their artistic shapes, and mosses
as well as small shrubs.
Plants are much less important (and
sometimes nonexistent)

36. TSUKIYAMA/WET
GARDENS
They strive to make a smaller
garden appear more spacious.
Shrubs are utilized to block
views of surrounding buildings.
The gardens main focus is on
nearby mountains in the
distance.
The garden has the mountains
as part of its grounds.
Ponds, streams, hills, stones,
trees, flowers, bridges, and
paths are also used frequently
in this style as opposed to a flat
garden.

37. CHANIWA/TEA
GARDENS
They are built for tea
ceremonies.
Tea house is where the
ceremonies occur, and the styles
of both the hut and garden are
based off the simple concepts
There are stepping stones
leading to the tea house, stone
lanterns, and stone basins
where guests purify themselves
before a ceremony.
The teahouse is screened by
hedges to create a sense of
remoteness

38. POCKET GARDENS
These are mainly observed in
the urban areas
Easier to maintain than larger
plots, the tiny patches are perfect
for gardening, tight on room to
perk up their patio.
 Occupies less space.
Can be applied anywhere
Most popular in recent times

40. NON RECTILINEAR SHAPED WATER BODY
ROCKS AND
BOULDERS
REPRESENTING
MOUNTAINS
POOL REPRESENT
LAKES.
RAKED SAND
REPRESENT OCEAN.

41. Difference between Japanese
and Chinese gardens
Chinese Japan
Architecture Building at the center
of of garden
Builing at any of the
corner or to any end
View Designed to view
from inside
Designed to view
from out side
Use Of Rock Rock is sculpted to
large sculptures
Placed in more
natural arrangement
Marine Landscape Inspired from inland
lakes and water
bodies
Inspired from the
coast and sea
(pebble beach, Wight
sand)

42. REFERENCE
Wikipedia.com
Japanese Gardens by Gunter Nitschke
Slawson, David A. Secret Teachings in the Art
of Japanese Gardens
Yagi, Koji A Japanese Touch for Your Home
japan-guide.com

43. THANK YOU
ありがとう
Anusha 45
Sai Yaswanth 46
Dinesh 48
Akash 50
Thabish 61
Pranaya 63
Pujutha 65
Pushpak 69
Santosh 79