Photodyanamic therapy ppt

Drugs For Photodynamic Therapy Presented by: Rana Muhammad Irfan Roll # 22 Hafiz Muhammad Usman Roll # 23 UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA PAKISTAN

What is Photodynamic Therapy ?

Affected part by cancerous tumor

Encapsulate light absorbing agent

Use of light on affected part visible laser

light absorbing agent, Photosensitizer visible laser

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Credit: Castano et al. Nature Reviews Cancer 6, 535 –545 (July 2006) | doi:10.1038/nrc1894 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Use of visible and near-infrared light with a photosensitizer to treat disease. Photosensitizer: Is a substance which absorb light and inhibit photoreaction to other molecules.

Principle: A photosensitizer is administered to the target tissue, for example a cancerous tumour. Then light is shined onto the target tissue, which is absorbed by the photosensitizer and causes generation of reactive oxygen species.

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The photosensitizer moves from its ground state to an excited singlet state and then an excited triplet state. molecular oxygen is present at its ground triplet state When the photosensitizer and an oxygen molecule are in proximity, an energy transfer can take place that allows the photosensitizer to relax to its ground singlet state, and create an excited singlet state oxygen molecule. Since singlet oxygen is highly reactive and cytotoxic, the tumour cells are destroyed. Mechanism of action

Light g e singlet state triplet state

Photosensitizers for PDT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Design Criteria

Advantages of PDT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

PDT drugs approved to treat cancer: Porfimer sodium (Photofrin®) It is activated by red light from a laser to treat patients with: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Barrett esophagus Cancer of the esophagus endobronchial cancer. basal cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma Tumor of cervix

What is treatment like? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Possible side effects ,[object Object],[object Object]

Photosensitivity reactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Aminolevulinic acid (ALA or Levulan®) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What is treatment like? Aminolevulinic acid (Levulan® Kerastick) is a solution that is applied directly to the lesions or spots on the face or scalp. Unlike porfimer sodium, it does not reach other parts of the body.

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Generic Names: ALA; Aminolevulinate; delta-Aminolevulinic acid Trade Names: Aladerm; Kerastick; Levulan; Levulan Kerastick Structure of Aminolevulinic acid

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Who should not get treated with aminolevulinic acid? Aminolevulinic acid is NOT recommended for people with skin sensitivity to blue light.

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Generic Names: 5-Aminolevulinic acid methyl ester; Aminolevulinic acid methyl ester Structure of Methyl ester of Aminolevulinate

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Table 1 Currently available photosensitizers. Platform Drug Substance Manufacturer Porphyrin Photofrin ® HpD Axcan Pharma, Inc. Porphyrin Levulan ® ALA DUSA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Porphyrin Metvix ® M-ALA PhotoCure ASA Porphyrin Visudyne ® Vertiporfin Novartis Pharmaceuticals Texaphyrin Antrin ® Lutexaphyrin Pharmacylics Chlorin Foscan ® Temoporfin Biolitec Pharma Ltd. Chlorin LS11 Talaporfin Light Science Chlorin Photochlor HPPH RPCI Dye Photosens ® Phthalocyanine General Physics Institute

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New and better drugs Newer photosensitizing drugs now being studied may have advantages over the ones used today : ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],An example of one of these new drugs, Photochlor®, is now being used in clinical trials. Photochlor or HPPH (2-[1-hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide-a) is a second-generation photosensitizer.

Photodyanamic therapy ppt

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Photodyanamic therapy ppt