Increase in number of vehicles on Indian roads has led to increased number of road accidents. Vehicle safety in India is nowhere next to worthy of mentioning reporting the highest road fatalities globally.

1. Accident Research India
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Girikumar Kumaresh
Specialist
Accident research India
RBEI/ESA & CR/AEV1
Accident Research
Analysis
Statistics
Research
Reconstruction )(XP
1

2. 2
Overview of India Accident Situation
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Road Traffic Accidents India 2013
80% 100% 120% 140% 160% 180% 200% 220% 240% 260% 280% 300% 320% 340% 20002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013 Relative changes in %
137 572
159 866 000*
494 893
486 476
Registered vehicles
Accidents w/ injuries
Fatalities
Injured
*Source : Road Accident in India 2013 , Transport Research Wing, Ministry of Road Transport and Highway Department, GOI,
Figures for registered vehicles for 2012 to 2013 shown here are provisional with projection of 20 % relative increase

3. Accident Research India
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Fatality by type of road user categories
26%
17%
Other MV
Fatality in road accidents by type of Road User Categories: 2013
n=137 572
Two
-
Wheelers
Car, Taxis, Vans and Other Light and
Medium Motor Vehicles
Trucks
Other Motor Vehicles
Pedestrians
Buses
Three
-
Wheelers
Others*
Bicycles
Source : Road Accident in India 2013 , Transport Research Wing, Ministry of Road Transport and Highway Department, GOI,
* Others Includes: Animal Drawn Vehicles, Cycle Rickshaw, Hand Cart & Rickshaw and Other Persons.
29%
17%
13%
12%
9%
7%
5%
4%
4% 3

4. Accident Research India
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Left hand traffic catalogue
RASSI
Project start
May 2011 (Bosch pilot study in ‘09)
Survey area
Coimbatore, Mumbai/Pune, Ahmadabad
Contractor
JPR[2]
Target cases p.a.
300+
Record of each accident
750 parameter, pictures, scaled sketch, injury information, reconstruction
Consortium members
Bosch, Daimler, Nissan, Renault, Hyundai, Honda, JPR
Methodology
(similar to GIDAS, NASS/CDS)
International methods for classification (Left-hand traffic accident type, kind of accident, crash configuration, …)
No. of cases
993 (Status Sep. 2014)
principal illustration
In-depth investigation: RASSI database
[1] RASSI:Road Accident Sampling System India, 1st project phase May 2011 – May 2012
[2] JPR:Jeya Padmanaba Research India
Coimbatore
Mumbai/Pune
Expressway
RASSI investigation was setup according to int. standards
Minor issues: Medical & police data not always available
Ahmadabad 4

5. Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Accident Research India
Scope of safety functions by kind of accident
Accident of another kind
(unknown, not fixed object, animal …)
vehicle moving ahead or waiting
parked vehicle
vehicle moving laterally
in same direction
oncoming vehicle
vehicle turns into or crosses a road
pedestrian
fixed object /
vehicle leaving carriageway
collision with ...
5
4%
6%
7%
33%
14%
8%
22%
6%
CR-accident research
Predictive Safety Systems, Adaptive Cruise Control,
Brake Assist
Electronic Stability Control,
Lane Keeping Support,
Advanced Rollover Sensing, Early Pole Crash Detection
Lane Change Assist,
Side View Assist
Front- and side airbag
Accidents w/Injuries
n= 773
RASSI*
*Source:RASSI data 2010-2013 (Road Accident Sampling System India) data not representative for India, valid only for Coimbatore highway& Mumbai Pune express highway. Analysis based on 773 accidents

6. Accident Research India
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Methodology
Source: Road Accident Sampling System India (RASSI) methodology
Methodology applied in RASSI was initially setup by Bosch
 similar like German-In-Depth Accident Study (GIDAS) 6

7. Internal | Giri RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Accident Research India
Accidents with casualties by avoidance maneuver
*Source: RASSI database (2010-2012), data not representative for India, data valid only for Coimbatore Highway, RASSI = Road Accident Sampling System India
In 20% of accidents involving passenger cars intervention of ABS would have avoided the accident all together
Analysis based on 458* accidents in RASSI (passenger car involved in 216 accidents)
No ABS Benefit
Less reaction time
No space to maneuver
No minimal distance for braking
10% Minimal Benefit
Probable or minimal
avoidance by braking & steering
6%
14%
10%
21%
51%
ABS
relevant
49%
ABS
Non relevant
53%
no
passenger
car
involved
47%
passenger
car
involved
6% ABS Benefit
Avoidance by
full braking
14% ABS Benefit
Avoidance by
full braking & steering
n=458*
Accidents with casualties
Tamil
Nadu
20%
ABS Benefit 7

8. 8
Accident Research India
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Benefit Estimation with PWT ABS
33 %
Accident avoided
16 %
Reduction in collision speed
7 % unknown
ABS benefit for PTW accidents (on Indian highway)
Every 3rd accident w/ casualties involving PTW could be avoided by PTW ABS
A reduction in collision speed is estimated for nearly every 5th accident
18 %
No change
26 %
Not relevant
Analysis based on 556 accidents in RASSI
(Field of Effect 172 accidents 100%)

9. Accident Research India
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Passive safety - Seat belts availability & usage
78%
10%
12%
13%
64%
23%
Car occupants
n= 1010
RASSI*
Driver
Passenger
~2%
Front M Passenger/ Others
car occupants
n=609
RASSI*
Only frontal occupants
*Source:RASSI data 2010-2014 (Road Accident Sampling System India) data not representative for India, valid only for Coimbatore highway& Mumbai Pune express highway.
Overall Seatbelts usage status
Seatbelt availability
78% of the seats were equipped by seatbelts in which 13% used seatbelts, Nearly 8% of the drivers and 5% of frontal passengers were belted
Seat Belt available
Seat Not Available
Seat belt used
Seat Belt not used
Seatbelt usage Unknown
Seatbelt availability Unknown
13%
58%
30%
14%
62%
24% 9

10. Accident Research India
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Status of frontal Airbags (Only frontal occupants considered)
Not equipped with Airbag
84%
Equipped with Airbag
14%
14 % of frontal car occupants were equipped by airbags, nearly 28% sustained minor injury along with 21% no injury
Unknown Airbag status
2%
Minor Injury
No Injury
Fatal + Serious Injury
66%
28%
6%
*Source:RASSI data 2010-2014 (Road Accident Sampling System India) data not representative for India, valid only for Coimbatore highway& Mumbai Pune express highway.
*Samples are PS relevant accident with in Field of effect (FOE) of PS study
*Analysis based on 773 accidents in RASSI (FOE of PAS car involved 375 accidents 100%)
24%
Belted
21%
Unbelted
6%
Unknown
51%
28%
21%
Seat belt usage status
n=339  100%
RASSI* 10

11. 11
Accident Research India
Internal | GIRI RBEI/ESA | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Glimpse of accident investigation in India
Measuring the contact points
Measuring Road Profile
Crash site in Coimbatore
TN Police Presentation
Scaled sketch Profiling
Evidence Mapping
Accident Analysis In office
Source: Picture taken through in-depth accident investigation in Coimbatore in cooperation with JP-Research & Bosch

12. Accident Research India
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Wrap up
Summary

In-depth investigation in India & RASSI* Consortium setup - Completed

First of its kind in India – Studies like benefit estimations of various vehicle safety features specific to India

Accident research data analysis support to ministry & other stake holders like MORTH,OE,SIAM,ACMA for key strategic decisions on vehicle safety legislations
Results and outcome of Accident research initiative in India
All Passenger Vehicles produced in India will be fitted with Airbags - wef January 2017, Passenger Vehicles starting 2020 (Discussion completed -Yet to Notify)
All PTW produced in India will be fitted with ABS - wef October 2017, Existing PTW platforms from 2018 (Discussion completed -Yet to Notify)
All Heavy commercial Vehicles produced in India will be fitted with ABS - wef April 2015
(Notified in Oct 2014)
Key inputs for strategic positioning of vehicle safety products for Indian market
Key inputs for India innovation
*RASSI-Road Accident Sampling System India 12

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Road Safety Innovation 13

14. Road Safety Innovation
Internal | Girikumar | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Motivation

Regulation

Market Gaps in Safety Domain

Efficiency
Knowledge Discovery
Algorithms
Apps
Software
Hardware
Safety Domain Knowhow
•
Vehicle Design Assist
•
Calibration Assist
•
Mobile related
Accident data collection
•
Intelligent Road Safety System
•
Accident Reconstruction
Smart eCall
Accident Recorder 14

15. Road Safety Innovation
Internal | Girikumar | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Intelligent Road Safety System

Tool to collect and maintain road accident data

Perform Accident trend analysis

Monetize Accident Research Competency
Dashboard
Data Collection
Analysis
iRSS 15

16. 16
Smart eCall
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Smart eCall – App for faster post-crash response
Product: Consumer Features

Automatic Crash Location Notification

Ability to Send SOS on click of a button

Customizing the Emergency Contacts (Friends, Family, etc)

Finding Nearest Hospital and Nearest Service Center

Language (English, German, Spanish)
Product: Framework

17. 17
Smart eCall
Internal | Girikumar RBEI/ESA | CR/AEV1 | 20.11.2014 | Accident Research India/ CC/EE Visit | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2014. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Screens