This presentation covers various aspects of education system of China.

1. Education SyStEm of
china
By
Sadia Naz
PhD Scholar
IIUI

2. Objectives
• To know the education system of the china
• To explore the factors that determine the education of
the China.
• To find out the various aspects of the China’s education
system.

3. Data Sources
1.China Population Information and Research Center
2.National Bureau of Statistics of China
3.World Population Prospects (2017 Revision)
4.OECD
5.Worldometers
6.Chinese Students in IIUI

4. Introduction
• System:
• a set of things working together as parts of a mechanism
or an interconnecting network; a complex whole
– a set of principles or procedures according to which
something is done; an organized scheme or method.
Tangible
Intangible

5. Education System
• All institutions that are involved in delivering formal education
(public and private, for-profit and non-profit, onsite or virtual
instruction) and their faculties, students, physical infrastructure,
resources and rules.
• The institutions that are directly involved in financing, managing,
operating or regulating such institutions (like government ministries
and regulatory bodies, central testing organizations, textbook
boards and accreditation boards).
• The rules and regulations that guide the individual and institutional
interactions within the set up are also part of the education system.

6. 1. Background Information
• Geographical Structure
• Demography
• General Philosophy
• History of Education
• Economy

7. General Information
• Official name of China is People's
Republic of China (PRC)
• Founded on 1st
October 1949.
– Golden week
• Official language is standard Chinese

8. Geography
• Located in East Asia continent
• The world's third largest country, after Russia and
Canada in terms of area.
• 9.6 million square kilometer (3.7 square miles) of
land area.
• 23 Provinces
• 14 countries bordered the China
• Gobi Desert
• Plain, mountainous land
• 50,000 Rivers
• China’s hydropower potential is the largest in the
world
• 14.6% land is arable
• Climate: varies from place to place

9. Population
• known as the world most populous country.
• 1.386 billion
– Male: 51.78% Female: 48.23%
• 18.54% of the world population
• Population density 145
• Fertility rate 1.61
• 56 different Ethnic groups
• 3% population is Muslims.
• Projection showed no noted changes in the 2020 and
2025.
CBR > CDR
21.38 3.83

10. Economy
• Upper middle income country
• Largest exporter
– Large number of buyers
– Number of products export
• Market based economy
• GDP: 12237.70 USD Billion in 2017
• GDP per capita: 47,000

11. Philosophy
• Confucianism: Social and ethical philosophy- 1600 BC
• Later mostly influenced by John Dewy philosophy.
• Besides this, the Chinese local academician and educationists
tried to develop their own educational theories and
philosophies.
• In China the first book of philosophy was published in 1920's by
Fan Shoukang.
• This was the starting point to build their own philosophical
thoughts.

12. History of Education
• Many Chinese scholars believe the history of education in China
can be traced back at as far as the 16th century BC.
• Education was the privilege of the elites.
• Curriculum consist of four books and five classics.
• The Four Books refers to The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the
Mean, Confucian Analects and The Works of Mencius.
• The Five Classics includes The Book of Poetry (also known as The
Book of Songs, The Book of Odes), The Book of History, The Book
of Rites, The Book of Changes, and The Spring and Autumn Annals.

13. Cont…
• Han dynasty: mid17th century
• Public education was started.
• Focus on foreign languages, science and technology
• Civil exam,
• In 1911 New educational models from European,
American and Japanese were set up in China.

14. Current System of education
• Education Minister : Chen Baosheng , a Chinese
politician and academician
• Centralized System of education
• Reforms:
• 1973, 1985, 1993, 1999, 2012, 2015
• 99% received basic nine years of education

15. Levels of Education
Education Level Age (years) Grade
Pre primary 7, ( 6 developed cities) Kindergarton
Primary 7- 11 1-5 classes
Junior Secondary/
Middle
12-15 6,7
Senior secondary/ High 16-17 8-9
Higher/ University
Under graduate
Postgraduate
18 onward
10-12
12 onward

16. Curriculum
• According to the 2014 curriculum scheme
1. Foundational course (75%–80%) are the course which are purely based
on subject or subject-centric, content-based and highly standardised.
2. Expanded course (10%–15%), these courses includes vocational and
technical education, aesthetic education, social activity, information
education and class and Communist Youth League activities.
3. Inquiry course (5%), it addresses specific topics. These are selected on
students interests, connected with the compulsory subjects (Law, 2014).

17. Level wise Curriculum
Level Curriculum
Pre primary Extracurricular, Game groups , Activity Centre
Primary 60% time for Math, Chinese , " The big two“ , Additional
subjects
Middle/ Junior Secondary school Chinese, Math, English, Physics Chemistry, Biology
High/ Senior secondary schools Chinese, Math, The stage that students decides either they continue general
education or switch to vocational education
University Research

18. Teacher Education
• Teacher education in China is 100 years old.
• In 1896 the first teacher education institute, normal
school was founded in China.
• The school offered mathematics, chemistry and
physics. Besides, students also had to learn science
education, botany, mineralogy, geography and foreign
language.
• In the life of the institute total 71 students graduated in

19. Cont…
• In 1949, after the independence the normal school were started
once again to meet the needs of the new setup.
• That time there were two teacher education institutions for
educating secondary school teachers during 1922-1937: Beijing
Normal University, Beijing Women’s Normal University.
• Afterward they adopted the system of teacher education of
Russia. Currently teacher education provided by universities.
Teacher education is come under the provincial government.

20. Current Situation
• Teaching profession is respectable profession in China.
• Annual Teachers day on 10th
September
• 1993 Act: Teachers must be respected by the society
• This Law stated the teachers rights and responsibilities.

21. Current Model of Teachers Education
• Under graduate model
• “2+2” model: 1st-2nd academic Year: subject knowledge studying; 3rd-4th
academic Year: teaching skill training.
• “2.5+1.5” model: first 2.5 years: emphasizing on subject theory learning
(including some teaching practice); last 1.5 years: focusing on teaching
training, practical training is the key point.
• “3+1” model: 1st-3rd academic Year: subject knowledge and education
theory studying; 4th academic Year: teaching
practice

22. Cont…
• 2. Postgraduate level models
“4+2” model: 1st-4th academic Year: subject knowledge studying (Bachelor
of the subject); 5th-6th academic Year: teaching skill training (Master of
education).
Professional Development
360 days training in every five years career.
Most of the are skills oriented.

23. Examination
• China will build a comprehensive evaluation system for primary and secondary
school students and forbid rankings of students based on test scores to
further reduce extracurricular academic burdens. (Education Minister
Statement in 2017)
• In China 'Gaokao' is the uniform examination system in China.
• It is arranged by The National College Entrance Examination.
• The examination was started in 1952.
• 'Gaokao' is an academic annual examination system in China to decide about
the students success to promote to higher class.
• The exams last about nine hours over a period of two days, depending on the
province.
• Chinese and mathematics are included in all tests besides the optional
subjects that varies in . An English test was formerly required of all students,
but now Japanese, Russian or French may be taken instead.

24. Planning and Management
• Centralized education system.
• Five years planning, currently working 13th
five year plan
• Ministry of education Bureau of education are
administrative bodies working on national level.
• Currently MOE manages 32 educational organization and
78 universities.

25. Administrative Structure
1. MOE
2. Bureau of Education
3. Provincial Education
Department
5. Institutes/ Schools5
4. Local Education
Department

26. Financing of Education
• The education system in China is funded by a number of sources.
• Government appropriations are the major source of funding.
• Government appropriations are comprised of budgetary and non-budgetary
funds, of which budgetary funds are the main component.
• Budgetary funds, or public expenditure on education, include funds from both
the education sector and other sectors.
• Non-budgetary funds include taxes for education levied by local government,
educational funds from enterprises and other funds that belong to
government appropriations.
• Additional financial sources for education include tuition fees, donations and
fundraising.
• Other than government appropriation for education, private organisations
and individuals are the principal sources of funding for schools run by these
organisations or individuals.

27. Cont…
• China spent nearly 4.3 trillion yuan ($675.3 billion) on
education in 2017.
• an increase of 9.43 percent from 2016, according to
preliminary statistics released by the Ministry of Education
Tuesday.
• Its 4% of the GDP.

28. Thanks