Efc pp

Understanding
Church & Faith Trends

Christian Leaders Connection
2009

Rick Hiemstra 905.479.5885
CRCE evangelicalfellowship.ca

Nexus of Influence
Where does time, place, culture,
opportunity, event, and relationship
come together in such a way that
our witness will have the greatest
influence?


What percent of the Canadian population is Evangelical?
20% Catholic

Protestant
15% 7%
Evangelical
Alignment is
determined by
10% 19% responses to the
Christian
Evangelical Scale,
12% 8 questions about
11% personal belief
5%
and practice.

4% 5%
See “Counting
0% Canadian
Attendance Membership Religious Evangelially Evangelicals” in
2001 2001 Affiliation 2001 Aligned 2003 Church & Faith
Trends
Population Measure

Sources: Attendance and Membership from tables supplied by Bruce Guenther and Outreach Canada. Religious Affiliation data from the 2001 Canadian
census with evangelical denominations coded by Lorne Hunter of Outreach Canada. Evangelically Aligned data from the 2003 Ipsos Reid Evangelical
Beliefs and Practices Survey using the Christian Evangelical Scale.


Age


Religious affiliation population distribution by age, percentages, 2006

Canadian Christian populations are aging
60% faster than the non-Christian population.
Non-Christian
50% 48%
45%
43%
40% 39%
40% 38%
Evangelical

30% 28% 29%29%
26%
22%
Roman Catholic
20%
13%
10%
Main. Prot.

0%
18 to 34 35 to 54 55+

Source: Ipsos Reid Internet Exit Poll, 2006. N=36,000


Religious affiliation population distribution by age,
percentages, 2001
35%
Bibby says that in 2008 16% of youth aged
15-19 indicated a religious affiliation with a
Muslim
30%
non-Christian faith.

25%
Sikh

20%

Hindu
15%

10%

5%

0%
< 15 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 +

Source: Statistics Canada, “Religion (13) and Age Groups (8) for Population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas 1 and Census Agglomerations, 2001 Census -
20% Sample Data”
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2001&PID=68339&APATH=3&GID=431515&METH=1&PTYPE=55430&T
HEME=56&FOCUS=0&AID=0&PLACENAME=0&PROVINCE=0&SEARCH=0&GC=0&GK=0&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&FL=0&RL=0&FREE=0 accessed August 27,
2009


Canadian teens age 15-19 who identify with a religious
tradition, 1984-2008, percentages
60%
13% of teens say religious involvement is
“very important” compared to 85% for both Roman
friendship and freedom. Catholic
50% 50%

40% 41%
39% Protestant
35%
32%
30%
28%
25% Other
21% 22% Faiths
20%
16%
14%
12% 13%
10% 10% No Faith
At All
3%
0%
1984 1992 2000 2008

Source: Reginald Bibby, Project Teen Canada. Teens age 15-19. Reginald Bibby, The Emerging Millenials: How Canada’s Newest Generation
is Responding to Change & Choice, (Project Canada Books, 2009): 179.


Total fertility rate by religious affiliation, Canada, 2000-2001

Only Canadian Muslims are having
enough children to replace their
population.

Canadian fertility rate rose to 1.66
in 2007 up from 1.57 picture here.

Source: Alain Belanger,editor-in-Chief, “Report on the Demographic Situation in Canada 2003-2004,” Statistics Canada (June
2006): 86. Figure 3. http://www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/91-209-XIE/91-209-XIE2003000.pdf (accessed July 25, 2008. Data
from the 2001 census. Canadian fertility rate = 1.57.


Proportion of population aged 15-29 who practice their religion at least
once a month, by religious affiliation, Canada, 2002

Evangelicals are likely
included in this category Bibby puts Conservative Protestant
youth (15-19) monthly attendance at
religious services at 91% in 2008 up
from 78% in 2000.

Source: Alain Belanger,editor-in-Chief, “Report on the Demographic Situation in Canada 2003-2004,” Statistics Canada (June 2006): 86.
Figure 4. http://www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/91-209-XIE/91-209-XIE2003000.pdf (accessed July 25, 2008. Data from the 2001
census. Data source the 2002 Ethnic Diversity Survey. Only includes non-aboriginal population. Bibby, The Emerging Millenials, 179.


Canada’s
Aboriginals


Canada’s Aboriginals, Religious Affiliation, 2001
100%
0.2% No Religion
90%
17.0%
80% Other
4.1% 0.6% 1.6% 2.8%
70% 2.7%
Aboriginal
60% Spirituality

50% 41.0% 42.1% 42.1% Other
48.2% 43.4% Christian
59.9%
40%
73% Catholic
30%
Mainline
20% 20.3% 15.1% 19.6% 20.6% Protestant
15.3%
10% Evangelical
15.4%
9.2% 9.3% 10.7% 10.1% 9.5%
0%
N.A. Indian Métis single Inuit single Mult. Aborig. Total
single resp. resp. resp. Aborig. resp. n.i.e Aborig.
resps. Ident. Pop.

Source: 2001 Census of Population, custom extraction. Access to custom tables courtesy of the Vancouver Sun. Evangelical are those affiliated with
uniformly evangelical denominations + Christian, n.i.e.


Canada’s Aboriginals populations, 1996, 2001 and 2017
1,600

1,400
1996
1,200

1,000
Thousands

800 2001

600

400
2017
200

0
North American Métis Inuit Total Aboriginal
Indian

Source: Statistics Canada, “Aboriginal population by group, Canada, 1996, 2001, 2017” http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/91-547-x/2005001/4072109-
eng.htm accessed Sept 24, 2009.


Immigration and
Visible Minorities


Percentage who are Canadian and foreign born by religious
affiliation, 2001
100%
10.7% 13.7%
90% 16.6% 18.4%
27.1%
80%
Foreign-Born
70%
63.2%
60%
71.7% 71.9% 72.5%

50%

40%

30%

20% Canadian-
Born
10%

0%
Catholic

Buddhist
Hindu

Sikh

Population
Christian,

Muslim
Roman

Canadian
Protestant
Evangelical

Mainline

n.i.e.

Source: 2001 Census.
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/highlight/Religion/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&View=1b&Code=01&Table=2&StartRec=1&S
ort=2&B1=01&B2=Distribution (accessed April 2, 2009). Evangelical includes Baptist, Pentecostal, Mennonite, Salvation Army, Christian
Reformed, Evangelical Missionary, CMA, Adventist, Methodist and Brethren in Christ.


Immigrant counts by region of origin and the percent of
these counts that are evangelical affiliates, 2001
2,500,000 25%
22.5%
2,000,000 20%
Immigrant
Pop.
1,500,000 15%

11.5%
1,000,000 10.2% 10%

500,000 5.4% 4.9% 5%
3.9%
3.0%
% Evangelical
0 0%

Source: 2001 Census.
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/highlight/Religion/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&View=1b&Code=01&Table=2&StartRec=1&S
ort=2&B1=01&B2=Distribution (accessed April 2, 2009). Evangelical includes Baptist, Pentecostal, Mennonite, Salvation Army, Christian
Reformed, Evangelical Missionary, CMA, Adventist, Methodist and Brethren in Christ.


Canadian immigration by region of origin

45% 42% These regions are the most
40%
important sources for new
immigrants.
35%
Up to 2001
30%

25%
19% 20%
20%
16%
15% 13%
11% 10% 9%9% 9%
10% 8%
6% 5% 5% 5%
4%3% 3% 2001 to 2006
5%
1%1%
0%

West Central Asia and the
Europe

Africa
United States

South-East Asia

Southern Asia

Oceania and other
Eastern Asia
Caribbean and Bermuda
Central and South America

Middle East

Sources: 2001 Census.
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2001&PID=67771&APATH=3&GID=517770&METH=1&PTYPE=55496&THEME=56&FOCUS=0&AID=0&PLACENAME=0&PROVI
NCE=0&SEARCH=0&GC=0&GK=0&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&FL=0&RL=0&FREE=0 (accessed August 27, 2009). 2006 Census
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?TPL=RETR&ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDE
R=1&PID=89424&PTYPE=88971,97154&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=723&Temporal=2006&Theme=72&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=.


Canadian immigration for select religious affiliations, by immigration period,
percentages
100%
Other
90%
No religion
80%
Sikh
70%
Buddhist

60% Hindu

50% Muslim

40% Jewish

30% Christ. n.i.e.

20% Orthodox

10%
Protestant

Rom. Cath.
0%
Before 1961 1961-1970 1971-1980 1981-1990 1991-2001

Sources: Statistics Canada, “Religions in Canada, http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/analytic/companion/rel/pdf/96F0030XIE2001015.pdf accessed Oct 2, 2009.


Visible minority populations, 2001 and 2017, and percent affiliated with
evangelical denominations in 2001
2,000,000 25%
Pop. In 2001
1,800,000
Evangelical representation among
21.6% the fastest growing populations is
1,600,000 very low. 20%

1,400,000

1,200,000 15% Projected
Pop. In 2017
1,000,000

800,000 10%

600,000 7.4% 7.7%
5.8% % affil.with
400,000 5% Evang.
4.3% Denoms. in
200,000 3.1% 2001
1.7%
1.1% 0.6% 0.4%
0 0%

Sources: 2001 Census.
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2001&PID=67771&APATH=3&GID=517770&METH=1&PTYPE=55496&THEME=56&FOCUS=0&AID=0&PLACENAME=0&PROVINCE=0&SE
ARCH=0&GC=0&GK=0&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&FL=0&RL=0&FREE=0 (accessed April 2, 2009). Evangelical includes Baptist, Pentecostal, Mennonite, Salvation Army, Christian Reformed, Evangelical Missionary, CMA, Adventist, Methodist
and Brethren in Christ and 2006 Census
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GID=837928&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID
=92334&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&SUB=0&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&Temporal=2006&Theme=80&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= accessed August 27, 2009, and Source:Alain Belanger and Eric Caron Malenfant, “Ethnoculural diversity in
Canada: Prospects for 2017,” Statistics Canada (March 2005): 3. Catalogue no. 91-541-XIE


Projected percent of population comprising visible minority groups in 2001 and
projected population for 2017, selected cities
60%

51%
50% 49%

2001
40%

30% 28%
24%
21% 2017
20% 19% 18%
15% 16%

10%

0%

Winnipeg
Calgary
Gatineau
Montreal

Edmonton

Hamilton

Canada
Toronto

Vancouver

Ottawa -

Source:Alain Belanger and Eric Caron Malenfant, “Ethnoculural diversity in Canada: Prospects for 2017,” Statistics Canada (March 2005): 4. Catalogue
no. 91-541-XIE

Percentage who moved in the last 5 years by religious affiliation, 2001

70%
Moved from outside of
Canada
60%
Moved between
31.2% municipalities in Canada
50%
13.5% 19.0%
Moved within the same city
11.7%
40% 2.8%

11.4%
11.0% 10.7%
30% 17.4% 10.8% Who is
connecting with
20%
newcomers
during the first
28.4% 27.0%
21.9%
25.8% 26.6% 3 months?
10%

0%
Evangelical Muslim Sikh Hindu Buddhist

Source: Canadian Census 2001.


Work and Family


Families where the husband or wife were single-earners, percentages, 1976
and 2008
60%

53%

50% Most families are
dual-earner families % Families with
Single-earner
Husband
40%

30%

21%
20%
% Familes with
Single-earner
10% Wife
10%
4%

0%
1976 2008

Source: Katherine Marshall, “The Family Work Week”, Perspectives (April 2009): 6. and 7. http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75-001-
x/2009104/pdf/10837-eng.pdf Accessed April 24, 2009.


Families with children in the home that are dual-earner, by age of children,
percentages, 1976 and 2008

90%

80% 77% 1976 2008

70% 67%

60%

50% 45%
Dual income
40% families are the
31% norm for families
30% with children –
even very young
20%
children. This
10%
creates time stress
for families.
0%
Youngest Child under 6 Youngest Child 6 to 15

Source: Katherine Marshall, “The Family Work Week”, Perspectives (April 2009): 7 & 8. http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75-001-
x/2009104/pdf/10837-eng.pdf Accessed April 24, 2009. Wives contribution to total family employment hours rose from 43.8% in 1997 to
45.3% in 2008.


Families with children in the home that are dual-earner, hours worked, wives
and husbands, 1997 and 2008, percentages
100%
11% 10%
90% Over 40 hours
27%
32%
80% 30 to 40 hours

70%
Under 30 hours
60%
63% 68%
50% The work load for
husbands is
40% 68% getting lighter
64%
while the work
30%
load for wives is
20% getting heavier.
26%
10% 21%

4% 5%
0%
1997 2008 1997 2008

Wives Husbands
Source: Katherine Marshall, “The Family Work Week”, Perspectives (April 2009): 7 & 8. http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75-001-
x/2009104/pdf/10837-eng.pdf Accessed April 24, 2009. Wives contribution to total family employment hours rose from 43.8% in 1997 to
45.3% in 2008.


Statistics Canada’s Time Stress Scale
1. I plan to slow down in the coming year;
2. I consider myself a workaholic;
3. When I need more time, I tend to cut back on my sleep;
4. At the end of the day, I often feel that I have not accomplished
what I had set out to do;
5. I worry that I don’t spend enough time with my family or
friends;
6. I worry that I am constantly under stress trying to accomplish
more than I can handle;
7. I feel trapped by routine;
8. I feel that I just don’t have time for fun any more;
9. I often feel under stress when I don’t have enough time; and
10. I would like to spend more time alone.

A person’s Time Stress score is determined by the number of positive responses
to these 10 statements.

Time Stress Among Dual-earner Couples Employed Full Time, 2005.
100%
Time Stress
90% 19% 18% Score of 7 to
24% 27%
34% 10
80% 38%
Time Stress
70% Score of 4 to 6
32%
60% 42% Time Stress
36% 34% Score of 0 to 3
50%
40%
40% 41%
Women in
dual income
30%
50% families
20% 39% 39% 39% experience
27% more time
10% 22%
stress than
0% men.
Yongest Youngest No children Yongest Youngest No children
Child Child 6 to under 16 Child Child 6 to under 16
Under 6 15 Under 6 15

Men Women

Source: Katherine Marshall, “The Family Work Week”, Perspectives (April 2009): 6. 11 http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75-001-
x/2009104/pdf/10837-eng.pdf Accessed April 24, 2009. See page 6 for definition of time stress. Time stress is measured on a scale from 0
to 10 where 0 is the lowest amount of reported stress and 10 is the highest.


Family factors and high religious involvement for
those employed full-time, 1975, 1990 and 2005
50%

45% 44%
42%
40% 39% 39%

35% 33% 34% 33%
31% 30%
30% 28% 29%

25%

20% 18%

15%

10%

5%

0%
1975 1990 2005 1975 1990 2005 1975 1990 2005 1975 1990 2005

Men Women Men Women

No Children Has Children

Source: Desjarlais deKlerk, Kristen Ann, “The Impact on Religious Involvement of Women in the Paid Labour Force, 1975-2005,” MA
theiss, University of Lethbridge, 2009. Tables 2 and 3. High religious involvement means monthly or greater.


Giving and
Volunteering


Average charitable donations for Canadians as reported on tax filings
and percentage reporting charitable donations, 1998-2006
$1,600 26.0%
$1,483 All
25.8%
25.8% Canadian
$1,400
tax filers
$1,197 25.6%
$1,200
$1,059 25.4%
$986
$1,000
25.2% All donors
$860
$800 25.0%

24.8%
$600 24.6%
24.6%
$400 $365 Percent of
$305 taxfilers
$252 $266 24.4%
$222 reporting
$200 chartiable
24.2%
donations
$0 24.0%
1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Source: Statistics Canada Table 111-0001 – Summary of charitable donors, annual. CANSIM. http://cansim2.statcan.ca/cgi-
win/cnsmcgi.exe?Lang=E&CANSIMFile=CIICII_1_E.htm&RootDir=CII/ (accessed: July 25, 2008)


Average charitable donations and donation rates by frequency of attendance
at religious services, 1997, 2000, 2004 and 2007
$1,250 94% 100%
93%
90% 90%
90% Not Weekly
$1,038 Attnd.
$1,000 84% 80%
82%
$887
75% 77% 70%
Weekly Attnd.
$750 60%

$577 50%
$551
$500 40% Weekly Attnd.
Donation Rate

30%
$284 $295
$250 20%
$148 $176 Not Weekly
Attnd.
10% Donation Rate

$0 0%
1997 2000 2004 2007

Source: Rick Hiemstra, “Evangelical Giving and Volunteering,” Church & Faith Trends 2:2 (January 2009): 3 and Michael Hall, David Lasby, Stephen
Ayer, William David Gibbons, “Caring Canadians, Involved Canadians: Highlights from the 2007 Canada Survey of Giving, Volunteering and
Participating,” (Statistics Canada, 2009): 9 and 23.


Average annual hours volunteered by attendance at
religious services, 1997, 2000, 2004 and 2007
250
229 232

202
197
200
Not Weekly

149 147
150 136
142
Hours

100

Attend Weekly
50

0
1997 2000 2004 2007
Source: Rick Hiemstra, “Evangelical Giving and Volunteering,” Church & Faith Trends 2:2 (January 2009): 3, and Michael Hall, David Lasby, Stephen
Ayer, William David Gibbons, “Caring Canadians, Involved Canadians: Highlights from the 2007 Canada Survey of Giving, Volunteering and
Participating,” (Statistics Canada, 2009): 43.


Average annual volunteer hours and volunteer rate by presence of children in
household, 2004 and 2007

People with children volunteer more
250 often but for a smaller number of hours 70% 2004 ave.
vol. hours
62%
60%
200 54%
191 50% 2007 ave.
184
vol. hours
150 41%
39% 153 40%
Hours

141 147 142
125 30% 2004
100 110 volunteer
rate
20%
50 2007
10% volunteer
rate
0 0%
No children Pre-school aged Both pre-school School aged
children only and school aged children only
children

Source: Michael Hall, David Lasby, Stephen Ayer, William David Gibbons, “Caring Canadians, Involved Canadians: Highlights from the 2007 Canada
Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating,” (Statistics Canada, 2009): 40.


Average annual volunteer hours and volunteer rates for Canadians,
2004 and 2007, by age
300 70%
2004 ave.
volunteer
245 60% hours
250
218
202 205 50%
2007 ave.
200
177 volunteer

Volunteer rate
170 hours
40%
152 158
Hours

150 139 138 137
133
30% 2004
volunteer rate
100
20%

50 2007
10% volunteer rate

0 0%
15 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 +

Source: Michael Hall, David Lasby, Stephen Ayer, William David Gibbons, “Caring Canadians, Involved Canadians: Highlights from the 2007
Canada Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating,” (Statistics Canada, 2009): 40.


Evangelism, Church
and Belief


“I feel it is very important to encourage non-Christians to become Christian?”
by Religious Affiliation, 2007
100%
Strongly
22% disagree
36%
80% 40% 46% 50%
Moderately
18% disagree
60%
Moderately
28% 36% agree
24%
40% 23%
Strongly
59% agree
20% 18% 15%
19%
31%
Don't know /
11% 8% 11% refused
0%
Evangelical Mainline Roman Catholic Canada
Protestant Protestant

Source: Ipsos Reid CHEC EFC 2007. N=1000.


“My private beliefs about Christianity are more important than what is taught by
any church?”
100% Strongly disagree
10% 6% 8% 10%

12% Moderately disagree
16%
80% 18% 16%
Moderately agree

33% Strongly agree
21% 27%
60% 28%
Don't know / refused

40%
77%
71%

48% 44% 45%
43%
20%

0%
1996 2003 1996 2003

Evangelical (Affil.) Canada

Sources: All Ipsos Reid Surveys. 1996 God and Society, N=3000; 2007 CHEC/EFC, N=1000. Colin Lindsay, “Canadians attend weekly religious services less than 20 years ago.” Statistics
Canada, 2008. Catalogue no. 89-630-X. Note: The category less frequently includes; at least once a month, a few times a year and at least once a year.


“I don’t think you need to go to church to be a good Christian?”
100% Strongly
7% 9% disagree
15%
19% 9% Moderately
9%
disagree
80%
16% Moderately
15% agree
27% 25%
Strongly
60% agree
28% Don't know /
26%
refused

40% 77%
66%
55% 57%
In 2005
20% 41% 40% 21% of
Canadians
attended
0% religious
1996 2003 1996 2003 services
weekly.
Evangelical (Affil.) Canada

Sources: All Ipsos Reid Surveys. 1996 God and Society, N=3000; 2007 CHEC/EFC, N=1000. Colin Lindsay, “Canadians attend weekly religious services less than 20 years ago.” Statistics
Canada, 2008. Catalogue no. 89-630-X. Note: The category less frequently includes; at least once a month, a few times a year and at least once a year.

“A mentally competent person, who has been diagnosed as terminally ill,
should be allowed to ask someone to assist them in taking their own life?” by
religious affiliation, 2007
100%
15% Strongly
24% 20%
disagree
80% 40%
17%
13% Moderately
16% disagree
60%
14% Moderately
34% 32% agree
33%
40%
25% Strongly
agree
46%
20% 32% 33% Don't know /
25%
21% refused

0%
Evangelical Mainline Roman Catholic Canada
Protestant Protestant

Source: Ipsos Reid CHEC EFC 2007. N=1000.


Face Time


Average time per day spent at various locations in hours,
Canada, by gender, 2005
18 17.2
15.9 About 9 hours spend on sleep
16 and non-social activity per day
Male
14
Average hours per day

On average Canadians spent
63 minutes a day commuting
12 in 2005 compared to 54
minutes in 1992
10
8 Less time in a place of worship
than the grocery store. Female
6
3.8
4 2.6
1.6 1.4
2 1.3 1.2
0.8 0.8
0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0 0.1
0

Source: Statistics Canada, “General Social Survey on Time Use: Overview of the Time use of Canadians, 2005” (July 2006): 39. Catalogue no. 12F0080-
XIE. Canadians age 15 and older. Martin Turcotte, “Like Commuting? Worker’s perceptions of their daily commute,” CST, (Winter 2006): 35.


Frequency of Canadians’ attendance at religious
services, 1985 to 2005
35% 33%
32%
30%
30% 28%
27% 27% 26%
25% At least once a
25% week
22% 21%
20%

15%
Never
10%

5%

0%
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Source: Colin Lindsay, “Canadians attend weekly religious services less than 20 years ago.” Statistics Canada, 2008. Catalogue no. 89-630-X. Note:
The category less frequently includes; at least once a month, a few times a year and at least once a year.


Canadians who attend religious services weekly,
by age, 1985 to 2005
50%
Largest attendance drop
among Boomers
42%
40% 39% 1985
37% Attend
Weekly

30%
25%
23% 22% 2005
20% Attend
16% 16% Weekly

10%

0%
15 to 24 25 to 44 45 to 64 65 and over
Source: Colin Lindsay, “Canadians attend weekly religious services less than 20 years ago.” Statistics Canada, 2008. Catalogue no. 89-630-X.


Who Canadians spend time with, by gender, 2005
The average worker spent
The average worker spent 2.9 hours alone 3.4 hours per day in 2005
in 2005 up from 2.2 hours in 1986. engaged in various
activities with members of
7 6.5
their family down from 4.2
6.3 hours in 1986.
6 5.7
5.3 5.2
Average hours per day

4.8 4.9
5 4.7 Male
4.3 4.4

4

3
Female
2

1

0
Alone With household With persons With household With persons
members outside the members only outside the
household household only

Sources: Statistics Canada, “General Social Survey on Time Use: Overview of the Time use of Canadians, 2005” (July 2006): 50. Catalogue no. 12F0080-
XIE. Canadians age 15 and older. Martin Turcotte, “Time spend with family during a typical workday, 1986 to 2005,” Canadian Social Trends (Summer
2007): 2 and 3.


Canadians who live alone by age and gender, percentages, 2001
40% 38%
In 1951 only 2.6% of
35% Canadians lived alone
Male
compared to 12.3% in 2001.
30%

25%

20%
17% Female
16%
15% 14%
13%
12%
11% 11%
10% 9%
7%

5% 4%
3%

0%
15-24 25-44 45-54 55-64 65 + All 15 +

Source: Warren Clark, “Time Alone,” Canadian Social Trends (Autumn 2002): 3and 4.


Internet use and selected time uses, minutes per day, 2005
600

Average time alone per day in 2005
Non-user
493 was 5.9 hours. Heavy internet users
500
- more than 1 hour per day - spend
8.2 hours per day alone.
401
400 374
Minutes per day

Up to 1 hour
300 per day

205
191
200 176

More than 1
86 hour per day
100 74
58

0
Alone Contact with household Spouse/partner
children < 15 years

Source: B. Veenhof, “The Internet: Is it changing the way Canadians spend their time?” Statistics Canada (December 2008): 13.


Internet use and time spent at select locations, 2005
1,200
1072
The average Canadian spent 16.5 Non-user
985 1002
1,000 hours per day at home compared to
17.9 for heavy internet users – more
than 1 hour per day
800
Minutes per day

Up to 1 hour
600 per day

400

More than 1
203 hour per day
200 172
93
52 41 20 3 2 3
0
Home Work Other person's Place of worship
house

Source: B. Veenhof, “The Internet: Is it changing the way Canadians spend their time?” Statistics Canada (December 2008): 16.


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