Human resources chapter 2

1. HUMAN RESOURCES

2. COURSE SCHEDULE

CHAPTER 1: HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND
PLANNING

CHAPTER 2: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND
COMMUNICATION

CHAPTER 3: LEADERSHIP, MANAGEMENT AND MOTIVATION

CHAPTER 4: CORPORATE CULTURE AND EMPLOYER –
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS

3. Chapter 2
Organizational Structure and
Communication

4. Communication

5. Organizational Structure

Formal organization is a fixed set of rules of
organizational procedures and structures.

It refers to the formal relationships of
authority.

6. For example:

In some schools there are some organizations
such as t-MBA Student Councils, students
unions, and senior managers, all of which have
certain roles and responsibilities within its
respective organization.

7. Levels of Hierarchy

When the formal organizations grow, the levels
of hierarchy become clear.

This hierarchy is a system created by people.
PRESIDENT
t-MBA Student Council
International Relations
t-MBA Student Council
President
Media and
Communication
t-MBA Student Council
President
Social Responsibility and
Educational Activities
t-MBA Student Council
President
Financial Resource
Development
t-MBA Student Council
President
Club Unions
t-MBA Student Council
President

8. Centralization & Decentralization

Centralized organizational structures rely on
one individual or a group of people to make
decisions and provide direction for the
company.

Small businesses often use this structure since
the owner is responsible for the company’s
business operations.

9. Centralization & Decentralization

Decentralized organizational structures often
have several individuals responsible for making
business decisions and running the business.
Decentralized organisations rely on a teambased environment at different levels in the
business.

10. Advantages

Centralized organizations can be extremely
efficient regarding business decisions.

Decentralized organizations utilize individuals
with a variety of expertise and knowledge for
running various business operations. A
management team helps to ensure the
company has knowledgeable directors or
managers to handle various types of business
situations.

11. Disadvantages

Centralized organizations can suffer from the
negative effects of several layers of
bureaucracy.

Decentralized organizations can struggle with
multiple individuals having different opinions
on a particular business decision.

12. Henry Mintzberg

Mintzberg is an academic and author on
business and management.

13. Mintzberg describes six parts of
organization:

DOSPAN
-Direct supervision
-Output standardization
-Skills standardization
-Process standardization
-Adjustment
-Norms standardization

14. The six parts of organizations:

MOSTIS
-Middle management
-Operating core
-Strategic management
-Techno structure
-Ideology
-Support staff

15. Outsourcing, offshoring and
migration of HR functions

Outsourcing: if an organization gets a subcontractor to undertake part of its
production, it means it is outsourcing.

It enables to cut costs and focus on what it
believes it does best.

16. 
Offshoring: The migration of an organization’s
activities from one country to another.

17. HR Functions:

Payroll = Employees receive their pay

Work time = Recording hours

Benefits administration= Travel & accomodation

The HR management information system= recording
qualifications and training

Recruiting = Anticipating employees and recruiting
staff

Dismissal and redundancy = ensuring the procedures
are followed

PR = managing internal & external communication

18. Communication

19. Communication has the
following features:

Content

Source

Form

Channel

Destination

Purpose

20. Formal & Informal
Communication

Formal communication is communication
through a formal organization structure.

Informal communication emerges through
unofficial channels.

21. Barriers of effective
communication
Language: a message needs to use correct
vocabulary to be coherent
 Overload: the receiver may experience problems
with the sheer volume of information
 Noise: any noise can hinder the clarity of the
message
 Emotion: an individual’s feelings
 Sensitivity to receiver: recognise receiver’s needs
 Specialist knowledge: select or ignore
 Gap: distance between sender and reciever
