1. Present perfect:
Affirmative
Sujeito + Have/Has + Verbo principal (Past Participle)
Negative
Sujeito + Haven’t/Hasn’t + Verbo Principal (Past Participle)
Interrogative
(WH) + Have/Has + Sujeito + Verbo Principal (Past Participle)
Acção que decorre num tempo indefinido.
Ex: I’ve been ill.
I’ve seen her.
Acção que começa no passado e decorre até ao presente.
FOR, SINCE, HOW LONG
Ex: I’ve worked in England for three years.
He has been ill since Christmas.
How long have you waited?
Acção que decorre num passado muito recente.
Ex: I’ve seen her this morning.
Com JUST para exprimir uma acção que acaba de completar-se.
Ex. I’ve just written the letter.
AS SOON AS, UNTIL, quando equivalem a after.
Ex. Come and see me when (=after) you have had your dinner.
Expressões:
Recently
Already
This morning
Lately
Yet (interrogative and negative)
This week
Up to now
It’s the first time
This month
Ever
Never