A T O M & E L E M E N T

SUBSTANCE ELEMENT COMPOUND ATOM MOLECULE MOLECULE ION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ELEMENT A pure substance cannot be subdivided into any simpler substances by physical or chemical process COMPOUND A substance that contain two or more different types of elements that are chemically bonded together

DEVELOPMENT OF ATOMIC MODEL ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],CHADWICK ATOMIC MODEL BOHR CHADWICK ATOMIC MODEL ELECTRON ARRANGEMENT FOR AN ATOM Na

Proton Electron Neutron 1 1/1840 1 +1 -1 0 Proton number : Total number of proton in the nucleus of an atom Nucleon number : Total number of proton and neutron in the nucleus of an atom In the nucleus In the shells Position Relative Charge Relative Mass Subatomic Particle

Standard Representation Of An Element X - Symbol of an element A – Nucleon number of atom X Z – Proton number of atom X A Z X

ATOM ,[object Object],[object Object],Na

Sodium ELEMENT Sodium ELEMENT Sodium ELEMENT Sodium ELEMENT Sodium ATOM Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

SODIUM ATOM Electron arrangement of sodium atom is 2.8.1 Na Na

SODIUM ELEMENT Sodium element consist with many sodium atoms Electron arrangement of sodium element is 2.8.1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Standard Representation For Sodium Element The Structure Of Sodium Atom         11p + 12n The Electron arrangement Of Sodium Atom 23 11 Na Na

11 11 12 11 12 2.8.1 1 1 3 3 Period Number of shells Group Number of valence electrons Electron arrangement Nucleon number Proton number Number of neutron Number of electron Number of proton 23 11 Na

Electron Arrangements In Some Of Inert Gases Atoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Helium 2 (Duplet) Neon 2.8 (Octet) Argon 2.8.8 (Octet) He Ne Ar

EXAMPLE : PERIOD 3 ELEMENT 2.8.8 2.8.7 2.8.6 2.8.5 2.8.4 2.8.3 2.8.2 2.8.1 ELECTRON ARRANGEMENT 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 PROTON NUMBER Ar Cl S N Si Al Mg Na ELEMENT

GROUP PERIOD Inert Gases in The Periodic Table Of Element Why are these elements located in Group 18? I 2 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 2 3 4 5 6

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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