A presentation on copper metabolism and its clinical significance for MBBS ,BDS ,B.Tech and B.Pharma students for self -study .

1. Metabolism of Copper and its clinical significance
Dr. RohiniC Sane

2. Copper Metabolism
• Total body copper content : 1oomg
• Daily dietary requirement : 1.5-3.0 mg/day
• Occurrence : muscles ,bones, brain, heart ,hair, kidney
• Dietary sources: cereals, meat , liver, nuts, green vegetables
• Enzyme containing Copper : Ceruloplasmin ,Tyrosinase ,Cytochrome
oxidase ,ALA synthtase ,Super oxide dismutase, Phenol oxidase
• Enzymes containing protein :
Copper containg pigment Tissue
Cerebrocupreine Brain
Hepatocupreine Liver
Hemocupreine RBC
Erythrocupreine Bone marrow
Hemocyanine Oxygen carrying blue pigment in crustacean

3. Copper Metabolism

4. Copper Metabolism
•

5. Functions of Copper
qFunctions of Copper :
1. iron absorption
2. Incorporation of iron into Hb
3. Cofactor : hydroxylation of vitamin C
4. Protects heart by increased LDL
5. Ferroxidase ( Ceruloplasmin)
Fe²⁺ Fe³⁺
( reduced ) ( oxidized )

6. Functions of Copper

7. Copper Metabolism
• Absorption : duodenum
• Excretion : bile ( under normal condition urine dose not contain
copper .
BLOOD
100microgram /dl
5% Plasma Ceruloplasmin
( blue color glycoprotein )95% RBC

8. Copper Metabolism

9. Copper Metabolism
1.COPPER STORAGE FORM
-CERULOPLASMIN
2.COPPER TRANSPOORT FORM
-ALBUMIN

10. Copper as an antioxidant
Copper functions as a cofactor for anti oxidant enzyme
super oxide dismutase

11. Copper ATP ases

12. Symptoms of Copper Toxicity
Causes of copper
toxicity:
a) Hemolysis
b) Haemoglobinuria
c) Proteinuria
d) Renal failure

13. Management of Copper Toxicity

14. Copper Metabolism-Wilson’s Disease

15. Copper Metabolism-Wilson’s Disease

16. Menke’s Disease and Copper Metabolism

17. Copper Metabolism-Menke’s Disease

18. Genetic mutation associated with Menke’s Disease

19. Symptoms of Menkes syndrome of Copper Metabolism
qSymptoms of Menkes syndrome are:
1. Bone spurs
2. Brittle, kinky hair
3. Feeding difficulties
4. Irritability
5. Lack of muscle tone, floppiness
6. Low body temperature
7. Mental deterioration
8. Pudgy, rosy cheeks
9. Seizures
10. Skeletal changes

20. Diagnostic Tests and treatment for Menke’s Disease
qDiagnostic Tests for Menke’s Disease include:
1. Serum ceruloplasmin (molecule that transports copper in the blood)
2. Serum copper level
3. Skin cell culture
4. X-ray of the skeleton or x-ray of the skull
5. Genetic testing may show a change (mutation) in the ATP7A gene.
qManagement of Menke’s disease
• Treatment usually only helps when started very early in the course of the
disease. Injections of copper into a vein or under the skin have been used with
mixed results.

21. Comparison of Wilson’s Disease and Menke’s Disease

22. Wilson’s and Menke’s Disease are Hereditary are associated with Copper Metabolism

23. Comparison of Wilson’s and Menke’s Disease of Copper Metabolism

24. Role of Cholesterol Apo A ,Apo E in Copper Metabolism