3. Julius Caesar was born in Rome in July 100 BC.
He progressed within the Roman political system, becoming
successively:
69 BC: Quaestor
65 BC: Aedile
62 BC: Praetor
60 BC: governor of
the Roman province
of Hispania.
4. 59 BC: back in Rome, Caesar
made a pact with Pompey and
Crassus, who helped him to get
elected as consul. As a consul
he became very popular (e.g.:
he granted land to veteran
soldiers).
58 - 49 BC: he was governor of
Roman province of Gaul, and
he added modern France and
Belgium to the Roman empire.
5. 49 BC: After his victory in Gaul,
Caesar was so popular that the
Senate began to worry that he might
take the power by force and rule as a
king!! Hence, the Senate ordered
Caesar to disband his army and
return to Rome because his term as
governor had finished.
However, Caesar ignored the
“Alea iacta est” = “la
Senate’s order and crossed the
suerte está echada”.
Rubicon River with his army, which
It is used to
was illegal according to the laws of
designate a situation
the Twelve Tables. This marked the
with no return.
beginning of a civil war.
7. 49 BC: Civil War between:
Julius Caesar
&
his supporters
(the “Populares”)
Pompey was defeated and
Julius Caesar became
master of Rome and made
himself consul and dictator
for life (“Dictator perpetuo”).
Pompey
&
his supporters
(the “Optimates”)
8. 44 BC: a group of senators (led by Brutus & Cassius)
murdered Caesar on March 15th. This date is known as the
“Ides of March” (Los Idus de Marzo).
Julius Caesar murdered upon entering the Senate (44 B.C.)
11. 44 – 27 BC: after Caesar’s death,
civil war begins again in Rome.
After the death of Marc Anthony &
Cleopatra, Octavian Augustus
(grandnephew of Julius Caesar)
becomes the first Emperor of
Rome in 27 BC. The Republic had
finished.
