The Mongols originated on the Central Asian steppe and favored horse archery due to their nomadic lifestyle. Their tactics included feigning retreats to lure enemies into traps before attacking with lancers. To conquer cities, the Mongols would bombard walls with siege engines and launch plague victims over the walls. Under Genghis Khan's leadership, the Mongols unified the clans and went on to attack China, Central Asia, and the Middle East, establishing the largest contiguous land empire in history. However, the Mongol Empire eventually fractured into smaller khanates and declined due to infighting and rebellions against their rule.

1. Mongol, War Tactics, Weapons,
and Conquest
By: Bryan Robison

2. Mongols History
• The Mongols originated on the steppe of
Central Asia.

3. Mongols War Tactics
• Due to their nomadic origin on the steppe of
Central Asia the Mongol preferred the Horse
Archer.

4. Mongol Mobility
• The Mongols would often travel 100 hundred
miles a day.
• Mongols would often feign retreats to lure
opposing armies into traps.

5. Attack
• After weakening enemy troops with their
horse archers, Mongols would attack with
lancers.

6. Siege Battles
• To conquer cities, Mongols would bombard
city wall with dozens of siege
engines.(catapults)
• Mongols would also launched plague victims
at the city wall to infect the defenders.
Mongol
Siege of
Baghdad,
1258.

7. Mongol Bow
• The favorite weapon for the Mongols was the
composite bow.
• It could hit targets from
hundreds of yards away.

8. Unification
• In 1206, Genghis Khan (great khan) defeated
his rivals and unified the Mongol clans.
Genghis
Khan

9. Attack!
• Mongol soldiers under Genghis Khan attacked
and defeated the Jurchens and Western Xia in
China, and the Khwarizmi Empire in Central
Asia.
The Mongol
Empire at
Genghis Khan’s
death.

10. Mongol Expansion
• Mongols under later Khans attacked and ruled
The Middle East, Russia, Persia, Central Asia,
and China.

11. Division
• In 1264, the Mongol empire divided; Yuan
Dynasty in China, Golden Horde in Russia, and
Ilkhanate in Persia.

12. Downfall
• Civil War between various Mongol groups led
to anarchy and rebellion such as the Ming
Rebellion in China in 1368.
First Ming Emperor, Zhu
Yuanzhang