The document outlines an educational presentation on proficiency-based teaching and learning given to the Oregon Small Schools Association in 2011, discussing shortcomings of the traditional educational model and benefits of a proficiency-based model in preparing students for future careers through standards-aligned learning. Case studies and examples from schools that have implemented proficiency-based models show improved student engagement, performance, and preparation for post-secondary education and careers.
2. The System is Broken
Or, The Emperor Has No Clothes
Part One
3. The Experts in the Room
How did you teach your children?
To walk?
To ride a bicycle
To talk?
To tie their shoes?
Or even ???
When did you know they could do it?
4. Would you teach those skills like
this?
Watch video here:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dxPVyieptwA
10. View of Learners
Traditional Proficiency
Some will excel, some All of them can
will do average achieve at high
work, a portion will standards; failure is
fail. not an option
11. Learning Program
Traditional Proficiency
Time based; learning Learning based; time
is a variable. It‟s is the variable. It‟s
effective for a portion effective for all
of students. students.
12. Grades
Traditional Proficiency
Based on various, and Indicate only what
sometimes student has learned
subjective, points rather (knows and can do)
than proficiencies; may by demonstration of
reflect quantity over proficiency; quality of
quality (such as extra-
work is based on
credit work); may be
used in part to agreements about
punish, reward, or evidence of
control student proficiency.
behavior; subject to End-of-course grades
inflation reflect student
Grades are sometimes proficiency at the end
13. Assessment
Traditional Proficiency
Relies heavily on Includes summative
summative assessment, but
assessment, including heavily favors
standardized testing. formative assessment
as a feedback
mechanism to
continuously measure
and guide student
learning and to drive
and improve
instruction.
14. Nature & Structure of Schools
Traditional Proficiency
Often adult-centered Student-centered in
in practice. practice.
Self-contained Home base for flexible
education factories in learning experiences
a management where students can
assume more
hierarchy modeled on
initiative, work in
20th Century industry. teams, and learn in
community
settings, online
venues, and other
education institutions as
15. Curriculum
Traditional Proficiency
Disciplines are Based on recognized
independent of one standards. Rigor and
another and content is relevance are driving
independent of criteria. Disciplines
standards for are often integrated.
postsecondary Content is keyed to
success. what students need
for postsecondary
studies and job
success.
16. Student Credentialing
Traditional Proficiency
Students accumulate Students are
graded units of assessed to ensure
instruction to graduate they have acquired
through “seat time” high standards of
knowledge and skills
regardless of skill defined by minimum
levels acquired or state diploma
grades assigned, and requirements
a standard diploma is matched to state
regarded as the end standards. This is the
point of the high minimum
school experience. requirement. We work
forward from there.
17. Student Credentialing, continued
Traditional Proficiency
For students capable Students with an
of doing more and interest in advanced
advancing while still in certification and
high school, the credits
senior year is often (AP, IB, college
spent coasting to the credits) are supported
finish line. in going beyond
minimum diploma
requirements.
18. Teachers
Traditional Proficiency
They dispense They do many of the
knowledge about traditional things, but
also are content
subject matter; lead experts, mentors, resou
class rces, partners in school
discussion, make management, partners
assignments, motivat with community
e students, assign resource
providers, skills
grades. assessment
practitioners, members
of teaching teams, and
members of
professional learning
19. Students
Traditional Proficiency
They receive or They envision and
absorb information help plan their
passively, recite when education
asked, achieve on path, partner in their
tests. own progress, learn
by observation and
application as well as
by reading and taking
class notes, and
develop both
individual and group
20. Students, continued
Traditional Proficiency
Often don‟t know at From the very
the beginning of a beginning of a
course what course, they know
constitutes successful precisely what
learning. proficiencies
demonstrate desired
attainment of
knowledge and
skills, and they work
to achieve those
proficiencies.
21. Student Performance Data
Traditional Proficiency
Infrequently collected Frequently collected
and analyzed, if at all. and analyzed
(currently and
longitudinally) by
teachers, professional
learning
communities, and
curriculum and
instruction
administrators for
program
22. Background Philosophy
Bloom‟s Revised Taxonomy
See handout
What skills align with each level?
When you scaffold learning, you create student
ownership.
Tell me, I forget
Show me, I remember
Involve me, I understand
23. Teacher to Principal
When I Taught Now as a Principal
Traditional Model School Culture
Forced to push the Academic
boundaries implementation
Used student Change in teacher
performance to role
change my program/ Student responsibility
instruction and self management
Used formative Parent responsibilities
assessment data Community school
regularly
24. One Dad‟s Story
Then Now
Guiding meant telling Guiding means asking
how to do it. scaffolded questions.
I knew the best way. They come up with
really good ways.
I decide what‟s right.
They evaluate
I point to the goal. whether it works.
It‟s right when Daddy Together we find the
says so. goal
They can make their
own decisions.
26. Showing is Better than Telling
or The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
Part Three
27. Think About It
How to break down in bicycling in terms of skills
(think self)
How would you deliver/teach those skills? (pair)
Share with your neighboring pair your skills
(share)
How many skills did you have? (Raise hands with
number)
How many learned from another person or pair?
28. The Proficiency Teacher
I Used To Now I
Write lesson plans Have modules students
Grade papers can go through at their
Create resources own pace.
Prepare for conferences Evaluate skills as
students work.
Teach everyone
Sometimes revise
Reteach everyone
modules.
Reteach again
Watch students present
Catch kids up who data at conferences
came to me behind
Reach each child
Stay at the front of the
Teach at one reading or
room
math level at a time.
Coach among students
29. In the Classroom
Mini Lessons
Flipping the Model
Small- and full-group teaching
Aides in every classroom
32. Common Core State Standard
Show a CCSS standard, ask for an activity or test
that would fit this.
Demonstrate a breakdown into skills and
knowledge
Align with Bloom
Review the process
33. Typical Standard
Informational Text
Grade 4
Domain: Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
Standard:
Interpret information presented visually, orally, or
quantitatively (e.g., in
charts, graphs, diagrams, timelines, animations, or
interactive elements on Web pages) and explain
how the information contributes to an understanding
of the text in which it appears.
http://corestandards.org/the-standards
How can you test that?
34. Knowledge and Skills
Interpret information presented
visually, orally, or quantitatively
(e.g., in
charts, graphs, diagrams, timelines,
animations, or interactive elements
on Web pages) and explain how
the information contributes to an
understanding of the text in
which it appears.
35. The Process
Parse the standards
Lay out according to difficulty of knowledge or
skill
Find associated pieces of standards
Group
Align to Bloom‟s
Choose a Theme
Create Activities
Write Instructions
Design rubrics/scoring guides
Outline roles and responsibilities for
Teacher, Student, Parent
36. The Outcome
Leslie‟s roll-out plan for level 3 language arts and
social studies.
A photo here would be great!
37. Which ideas from teaching bicycling
justifies this approach to standards?
Question
38. Is Good Enough Good Enough?
Or Back To The Future
(or The Princess and the Tin Box)
Part Five
39. Today‟s Reality
What is happening in your schools?
How will kids be prepared for jobs of the future?
What does each activity do to prepare them for
life and work?
43. Success Stories
Student Engagement
Level of Performance
Teacher Perception
In .2 of the school year, students have made .5
growth. In other words, the progress they had
made by October was where they would normally
be in January (if they were on track).
In the spring we had two early implementers.
One teacher‟s discipline issues went down to zero.
One teacher‟s % of 3rd graders passing the state
OAKS went from 60% the year before to 100% last
spring.
50. “The illiterates of the 21st century will not be
those who cannot read and write but those who
cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn”
- Alvin Toffler
51. A New Skill
Geomicrobiologist
Pieces together bits of geology, environmental
science and microbiology to figure how micro-
organisms might help make new medicine or
clean up pollution.
57. What Did You Just See?
Presentation Level’s of Bloom’s
Components Revised
1. The System Is 1. Remembering
Broken
2. What‟s the 2. Understanding
Difference? 3. Applying
3. Showing Is Better
Than Telling 4. Analyzing
4. Breaking it Down 5. Evaluating
5. Is Good Enough 6. Creating
Good Enough?
6. Which Path Will You
Take?
59. Essential Differences
Systems Approach
No multi-year transition approach
NOT one teacher at a time
Not a slow-down approach
Kids First/Adults Get Paid to Be There
Know the Students
Progress Monitor regularly
Skills are based on turning standards into skills—you
can‟t teach or test a standard
Teacher-created modules
Partnerships
Professional Development
Fluidity/Flexibility
60. FAQs
How can you scale it up for larger schools?
Can you begin with only a few teachers?
How did you pay for the technology?
How did you pay for the additional personnel?
How did special education become student
services?
How did you get a partnership going?
Don‟t you have to buy textbooks?
How can my school do this?
Who can help?
61. What do I need to accomplish
this?
A system‟s approach
The right people in the right jobs
Courage
Passion
A deep understanding of what you want for
children
62. Web 2.0 Resources
ACCS‟ PBTL LiveBinder
http://livebinders.com/edit?id=44141
20 Jobs That Will Not Exist in 20 Years
http://www.ilookforwardto.com/2010/07/20-jobs-that-will-not-exist-in-20-years.html
Jobs of the Future
http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2010/jan/09/jobs-of-the-future
How Do We Prepare Students For Jobs That Don‟t Exist Yet?
http://edudemic.com/2011/10/students-of-the-future/
How to Teach Students for Jobs That Don‟t Exist Yet
http://www.ehow.com/how_7909655_teach-jobs-dont-exist-yet.html
Star Wars and Bloom‟s Taxonomy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gG52jFCWiac&feature=related
Bloom‟s Taxonomy According to Pirates of the Caribbean
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qjhKmhKjzsQ
You Can‟t Be My Teacher
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0VSymMbMYHA&feature=related
Education “The times are a-changing”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wuyrP_HhWEg&feature=related
63. Today‟s Presentation Team
Steve Rinda Montgomery
Boynton, Superintendent
Conwell
Arlington Community Assistant Superintendent
Charter School North Central
Education Service District
Leslie
Travis Reeser, Principal
Arlington Community Walborn*, Teacher
Charter School Arlington Community
Charter School
This year‟s
Oregon Small Schools
Association Teacher of the
Year
64. Those who say it can’t be done
should not interrupt those of us
who are doing it.
65.
66. Notes to Presenters
Leslie: If asked about having to create your own
curriculum as opposed to getting a published
kit, talk about the benefits of going through the
process of breaking down standards and building
modules, how much better you know the purpose
of the activities and the standards.
Travis: Talk about how it has changed your
approach to the overall view of what education
is, and how it has changed your activities as a
father.
Rinda: Don‟t talk too much.
Steve: Go get „em!
Notas do Editor
Rinda and Steve start out.Overview: Each section or “part” begins with a topic related to a familiar story, has content words, then ends with a question.To Do November 2, 2011Put in picturesClip videosInsert data chartsWrite speaking notes for Leslie and TravisRealign slides for new backgrounds
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TravisTalk about Bloom’s Taxonomy by referencing handout.Discuss the -ing words that go with each level.Talk about what happens when
Travis: let me know how you want these changed. Photos of the girls wouldn’t go amiss.
TravisIf you had to summarize how we are different, what would you say to people? Share with your elbow partner.
Travis: Since showing is better than telling, we’re going to let one of our teachers show you what’s going on in the classroom.(Introduce Leslie)
LeslieAsk them to break down bicycling in terms of skills and think of the order to teach those skills.Let them think for 15 seconds.Pair up and share your skills in order with each other. Make additions and adjustments.Let them talk for 30 seconds.Have pairs join up to form quads and share their skills and the order and agree.Ask one person in each quad to hold up the number of fingers for the number of skils they agreed on.Ask them whether they learned from others.
Leslie: Walk through the slide bullets and overview what you used to do as a teacher, and what you do now in a proficiency model. The point is to let them know your activities are more focused and effective, you’re not wasting time grading and proving student progress—the kids do that themselves. Etc.
Leslie: talk about the main differences in the proficiency model, as above. Your mini lessons are laser focused and based on performance and dataThe “homework” is done in classThe teaching of small and full groups is targeted and focused on specific skills in standards.You have help.
LeslieThis is the end of this part/section of the presentation. Ask them the reflection question on the slide. It can be rhetorical, or pair shares. The idea is can they see in work environments these concepts of proficiency implementation we are using in schools?
Leslie:Part Four will break it down, or tell the story of the teacher’s 1001 nights of preparation (supposed to be a joke).
Leslie:We are going to show you one of the Common Core State Standards for one of my grade levels. We will ask you to tell us one activity or test that would prove the nine-year-old child was proficient in this standard.Then we will show you how to break down or parse or unpack the standard.We will talk about aligning with Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy.Then we will review the process.
Leslie: Review the slide content…this is one standard. Ask the final bulleted question. The point they should get is that a 9 year old couldn’t possibly do this or learn this or demonstrate knowing this in one sitting…
Leslie and RindaI’ll take it from here to talk about parsing standards
Rinda Leslie prepare with Travis or Steve to quickly roll out your butcher paper on cue.
Leslie: roll out the butcher paper.
Rinda
Rinda
Rinda
Travis(Note that referrals go up in all classes, particularly those students who experience the proficiency courses, when they have moved into the social core which is not proficiency based.)
Rinda
Rinda
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Rinda
Steve and Rinda
Steve
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Steve
Part One: The System Is BrokenParents are good teachers/schools have forgotten they prepare students for the future.Part Two: What’s the Difference?How is the proficiency approach different from the traditional model?Part Three: Showing is Better Than TellingHow can you teach this standard?Part Four: Breaking It DownShow the standard broken down, aligned to Bloom’s, reorganized.Part Five: Is Good Enough Good Enough?Are we preparing kids for the future we cannot define?Part Six: Which Path Will You Take?Will your schools continue to align to the factory model of instruction, or step up to life and work expectations?
$50k in textbooks was diverted to tech and personnel. Reallocated to technology. Have spent just over $30K for tech so far.$8,150 per aide. Split full-time aides into half-timers, now have six aides.