1. Health and Sanitation

2.  Introduction:
 Throughout the world, an estimated 2.5 billion
people lack basic sanitation (more than 35% of the
world's population).

3. Objectives:
To be able to increase awareness of people towards
cleanliness of one’s self.
To be able to inform and teach proper ways of good
hygiene.

4. Importance:
In order to prevent diseases, pimples ,bad breath and
body odor, one must take good care of their personal
hygiene.
Personal hygiene requires the cleaning of all parts of the
body (face, hair, body, legs and hands).
The face and hair have to be cleaned because they
accumulate grime, emit bad odors and make oneself dull
[reflect one’s self worth].

5. Questions:
1. When you get up in the morning and before you
come to school, what are some personal hygiene
habits that you normally practice?
2. When do you usually wash your hands? Do you
think this is sufficient for disease prevention?
Why or why not?

6.  Washing hands with soap after going to the
toilet

7.  Washing hands with soap before preparing
and/or eating food. During normal daily
activities, such as working and playing,
disease causing germs may get onto the
hands and under the nails. If the germs are
not washed off before preparing food or
eating, they may end up getting on the food.

8.  Get your hands wet. Turn the tap on and evenly
rinse your hands in warm water. Contrary to
popular belief, hot water does not remove bacteria
more effectively than warm water, and may even
increase the "irritant capacity" of some soaps.

9.  Use soap. Any type of soap will work, but if it helps
you wash your hands more consistently to have
soap that is a fun shape or color, or a pleasant
fragrance, go for it.

10.  Work up a lather. Scrub on both sides of your
hands, in between your fingers, and your wrists.
Remember to wash around and under
your fingernails.

11.  Wash your hands for about 15-20 seconds. This is just
about the time it takes to sing a chorus of "Happy
Birthday." Be sure and rub your hands vigorously, and
don't rinse off the soap right away. Give it time to do its
job and give yourself time to get soap everywhere it
should be. A good tip is to use rotational rubbing,
backwards and forwards with clasped fingers from your
right hand in your left palm and vice versa.

12.  Rinse your hands thoroughly. Place them under
running water with your hands pointed downward
but not touching the sink. This removes both the
soap and the bacteria that was on your hands.

13.  Rinse your hands thoroughly. Place them under
running water with your hands pointed downward
but not touching the sink. This removes both the
soap and the bacteria that was on your hands.

14.  Use a towel to turn off the faucet, particularly in a
public bathroom. If the faucet turns itself off on a
spring or a photocell, let it. If not, use a paper
towel, your elbow, or your forearm.

15. Question:
1. Ask random people “Do you think your
seatmate has been consistent in their
practice of personal hygiene? Why or why
not?”

16. Demonstrate good hygiene practices
demonstrate how to do the following properly:
• wash the hands
• take a bath or wash body with cloth
• brush the teeth
• wash the face

17.  Washing the body. If possible, everybody should
have a shower or a bath every day. However, there
may be times when this is not possible, for
example, when people are out camping or there is
a shortage of water.
 If this happens, a swim or a wash all over the body
with a wet sponge or cloth will do.

18.  Cleaning the teeth at least once a day. Brushing the
teeth after each meal is the best way of making
sure that gum disease and tooth decay are avoided.
It is very important to clean teeth after breakfast
and immediately before going to bed

19.  Mastering the Brushing Technique
 Use a small amount of toothpaste. Squeeze only
a pea-sized amount of toothpaste onto your
toothbrush. Applying too much toothpaste can
cause you to spit and finish too early.

20.  Set your toothbrush bristles at the gum line
at a 45-degree angle. Gently brush with a
short, vertical or circular motion. Don't
brush across your teeth. Spend at least three
minutes brushing.

21.  Brush the inner surfaces of your teeth. Tip the
toothbrush so that the head of the toothbrush is
pointing towards your gum line, and brush each
tooth. Check that your mouth is opening wide
enough by holding teeth apart with 2 or 3 tips of
fingers from your other hand. This will allow
correct vertical angle to reach edge of gum.

22.  Gently brush your tongue. After you've cleaned
your teeth, use the bristles of your toothbrush to
gently clean your tongue. (Don't press too hard,
or you'll damage the tissue.) This helps keep bad
breath away and gets rid of bacteria on your
tongue

23.  Finishing Up
 Rinse out your mouth. If you choose to rinse after brushing, take a sip of
water Swish the water around your mouth first, and spit it out.
 Rinse your toothbrush. Hold your toothbrush under running water for a
few seconds to remove any bacteria from the brush. If you don't rinse
the toothbrush properly, you can actually introduce old bacteria into
your mouth the next time you use it. Rinsing also removes any leftover
toothpaste. Place your toothbrush somewhere where it will easily dry
out, otherwise bacteria can grow.

24.  Remember to brush at least twice a day.

25.  Break time
◦ 30 minutes – 1 hour

26. Proper Washing of the face

27. Washing the Face
 Washing your face is one of the easiest yet most
important things you can do for your skin. If you
don’t know how to wash your face properly, just
follow these instructions!

28.  Pull your hair back if your hair is long. If you’re
washing your face at the sink, hold your hair back
with an elastic or a headband. If you’re in the tub
or shower, either rinse your hair back or put it in a
cap. Remember to get bangs/fringes out of the way
if you have any.

29.  Splash warm water all over your face. Warm water
opens your pores and helps you clean deeper
removing dirt which is the cause of pimples, so
avoid using cold water if possible. (You might even
want to let your face steam in the bath or shower
for a few minutes.) Don't dry your face yet!

30.  Apply a cleanser or soap using gentle, circular
motions. Spread all over the face gently, especially if you have
acne; scrubbing hard will make it worse or even leave scars.
Remember that you don't need a lot of product for a thorough
clean.
 Facial scrubs contain tiny beads or particles that help rub
away dead skin cells (exfoliate). This will make your face
smoother and fresher looking while helping to unclog your
pores.

31.  Thoroughly rinse away the soap. Splash your face repeatedly with water,
rubbing gently with your hands after each splash. If it all does not come
off, wet a cloth and rub your face gently to get the more obvious stuff
off, then rinse again.
 Rinse more than you think you need to. Soap residue will clog your
pores, dry out your skin, and possibly even affect your skin’s natural pH.
Leaving soap film on your face will make it dirtier than when you started.
 Pay extra attention to your hairline, jaw line, and anything that drips
down your neck. It’s easy to neglect these spots while rinsing.

32.  With a soft, clean towel, gently pat your face dry. Try not to rub or
pull at your skin, which encourages wrinkles.

33.  Apply an alcohol free toner with a cotton ball or pad.

34.  Apply moisturizer (optional). Doing this won’t make your face any
cleaner, but it can enhance the wash by giving your face a healthy,
glowing look.
 If you have acne, choose a non-oily moisturizer. If necessary, make sure
it won’t conflict with any anti-acne products you’re already using.
 If you’ll be going outside, use a moisturizer that contains sunscreen,
preferably with SPF 15 or 30.
 .

35.  Finished.

36.  Washing hands:
Water, bowl, soap, and towel
 Tooth brushing
 Tooth brush, tooth paste, water, cup
Washing face
Water, bowl, facial scrub, towel, toner,
cotton/cloth, moisturizer.

37.  2 hours and 30 minutes to 3 hours.
 30 minutes for Introduction
(includes introducing our group mates, talking
with our audience and explaining health and
sanitation, our objectives and its importance)
 30 minutes for Activity 1
 30 minutes for Activity 2
 30 minutes to 1 hour for break
 30 minutes for Activity 3