City Resilience Index presented at the Resilience Shift tools workshop
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This document summarizes research conducted for the City Resilience Index (CRI) which measures the resilience of cities. The research involved over 300 contributors and reviewed 45 frameworks across 28 cities. It identified 1500 factors influencing city resilience across four dimensions: People, Organization, Place, and Knowledge. The CRI measures 156 variables through qualitative and quantitative questions to assess cities against best and worst case scenarios. The CRI has been applied to communicate resilience concepts, enable monitoring, and empower stakeholders. It has also been adapted to specific city contexts and sectors like water. The CRI research and pilot projects have increased the number of cities using the index to measure and improve their resilience.
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City Resilience Index presented at the Resilience Shift tools workshop
- 1. CITY RESILIENCE INDEX Sachin Bhoite Arup
- 2. Cities rely on a complex web of institutions, infrastructure and information
- 3. RESEARCH Surat Cape Town Semerang New Orleans Concepción Cali Hong Kong Dubai Liverpool Madrid New York Melbourne Sao Paulo Primary research cities Arup offices that consulted with their cities Bangkok Pilot Shimla Arusha Case study cities Seattle Detroit Quito Lima Rio de Janeiro Brazzaville Dar es Salaam Kampala Doha Chengdu Ho Chi Minh City • 3 years • Learning from 28 cities • Over 300 people contributing including Arup staff, local partners, city stakeholders • 45 frameworks and 168 sources of literature reviewed
- 4. RESEARCH 27 Cities; 150 Sources of Literature Although profile of shocks and stresses was very different… 1500+ factors
- 5. RESEARCH 27 Cities; 150 Sources of Literature Similar themes emerged across cities 1500+ factors
- 6. People: the health and well- being of everyone living and working in the city. HEALTH & WELLBEING Organisation: the systems within the society and economy that enable urban populations to live peacefully and act collectively. ECONOMY & SOCIETY Place: the quality of physical infrastructure and ecosystems that protect, provide and connect us. INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT Knowledge: appropriate leadership and strategy, enabling the city to learn from the past and take timely action. LEADERSHIP & STRATEGY People Organisation Knowledge Place CITY RESILIENCE INDEX H O W A N D W H A T T O M E A S U R E
- 7. BASIS OF MEASUREMENT 156 variables measure the extent to which the resilience indicators occur in a city. 2-5 questions help observe the performance of an indicator through two types of response: qualitative and quantitative. These two perspectives provide a judgement-based assessment against a best case – worst case scenario … … and a performance-based assessment against a global benchmark. 4 Dimensions 12 Goals 52 Indicators 156 Qualitative Questions 156 Quantitative Metrics 156 Variables
- 8. APPLICATION: COMMUNICATION AND CAPACITY BUILDING
- 9. Child-centred Urban Resilience • Applying resilience concepts to particular communities APPLICATION: ADAPTING
- 10. City Water Index APPLICATION: ADAPTING
- 11. APPLICATION: LOCALISING TO CONTEXT VUDA resilience tool • Adapting global metrics in CRI to Vietnam- specific standards and data conventions Dimensions and goals no change Indicators and questions review for relevance based on local context, including shocks and stresses
- 12. APPLICATION: TOOLS & PROCESSES Mapping Tools (excel based) Workshop design
- 13. City Economics Health department Legal advisor City employment agency Central government Civil protection agency VALUE Feedback from first users: • Informs / supports integrated planning and investment decisions • Communicates knowledge about resilience concepts and actions • Enables monitoring / measurement • Builds credibility • Empowers stakeholder engagement
- 14. IMPACT CRI Research and Pilot cities Cities using the CRI
- 15. PITCH Multi-systems- Technical systems and soft systems and urban processes Current Indicators for individual systems is basic – goldilocks Future Augmented with sector focus and inter-dependence A city is a work in progress
Notas do Editor
- Why we did it? What purpose it serves
- Cities rely on the operation of a complex web of infrastructure, institutions, and information systems to perform the essential functions every day. Systems may be physical ‘things’ such as energy infrastructure, road and bridges, housing and shelter or ecosystems, or they may be non-physical processes/practices or behaviours such as labour standards and legal rights, building codes and standards, culture, community cohesion or social relationships. In different cities, these systems may be performed by a different set of actors. Systems may not only be provided by the municipal government, they may be supported by a range of private businesses, civil service, not-for-profit organisations, international institutions or individuals. They may also be delivered through formal or informal processes, and sometimes obtained through informal means. When systems in a city fail to perform any of its, functions, its resilience to shocks and stresses is weakened. For example, in order to ensure the health and safety of its citizens, a city must be able to enable people to meet their basic needs and safeguard human life and health. It also must able to protect, maintain and enhance assets. Cities are also places where people and communities live together. In order to prevent conflict and unrest, a city must be able to build cohesive communities with engaged citizens and generate and share information and innovation . It must also be able to enforce the rule of law and justice. In addition, a city must be able to support livelihoods and foster economic prosperity to prevent deprivation. These are the things that cities do every day, at multiple levels and simultaneously. Each city is unique, and cities perform these functions to different degrees due to a range of reasons including different levels of awareness, priorities and capacities. Should this say “The resilience of a city depends on strengthening the individual systems that contribute to these functions in order to strengthen the city overall.” To a layman, I think the “capacities of the” language is a bit confusing
- Over three years …. Learning from over 28 diverse cities… Extensive review of other (45) frameworks and emerging literature. The City Resilience Index is a comprehensive tool …. For cities to understand and assess their resilience, enhancing their ability to build sound strategies and plans for a strong future. FYI only As part of our recent work, we reviewed 45 prominent urban and/or resilience Frameworks and assessment tools currently in circulation1 Those that were Considered to be most relevant are listed below: • GCI, ISO, WCCD – ISO 37120 – Sustainable Development of Communities • Grosvenor – Resilient Cities • UN-Habitat – City Resilience Profiling Tool • AECOM, IBM, UNISDR – Disaster Resilience Scorecard for Cities • Cutter et al. – Disaster Resilience Indicators • NIST – Community Resilience Planning Guide • World Bank – City Strength While we found some commonality in terms of what the above tools measure, the CRI is unique in focussing on assessing the overall capacity of cities to withstand multiple shocks and stresses, and further, enable decision making in order for cities to become resilient.
- Over three years …. Learning from over 28 diverse cities… Extensive review of other (45) frameworks and emerging literature. The City Resilience Index is a comprehensive tool …. For cities to understand and assess their resilience, enhancing their ability to build sound strategies and plans for a strong future. FYI only As part of our recent work, we reviewed 45 prominent urban and/or resilience Frameworks and assessment tools currently in circulation1 Those that were Considered to be most relevant are listed below: • GCI, ISO, WCCD – ISO 37120 – Sustainable Development of Communities • Grosvenor – Resilient Cities • UN-Habitat – City Resilience Profiling Tool • AECOM, IBM, UNISDR – Disaster Resilience Scorecard for Cities • Cutter et al. – Disaster Resilience Indicators • NIST – Community Resilience Planning Guide • World Bank – City Strength While we found some commonality in terms of what the above tools measure, the CRI is unique in focussing on assessing the overall capacity of cities to withstand multiple shocks and stresses, and further, enable decision making in order for cities to become resilient.
- Over three years …. Learning from over 28 diverse cities… Extensive review of other (45) frameworks and emerging literature. The City Resilience Index is a comprehensive tool …. For cities to understand and assess their resilience, enhancing their ability to build sound strategies and plans for a strong future. FYI only As part of our recent work, we reviewed 45 prominent urban and/or resilience Frameworks and assessment tools currently in circulation1 Those that were Considered to be most relevant are listed below: • GCI, ISO, WCCD – ISO 37120 – Sustainable Development of Communities • Grosvenor – Resilient Cities • UN-Habitat – City Resilience Profiling Tool • AECOM, IBM, UNISDR – Disaster Resilience Scorecard for Cities • Cutter et al. – Disaster Resilience Indicators • NIST – Community Resilience Planning Guide • World Bank – City Strength While we found some commonality in terms of what the above tools measure, the CRI is unique in focussing on assessing the overall capacity of cities to withstand multiple shocks and stresses, and further, enable decision making in order for cities to become resilient.
- The research shows that the factors that contribute to city resilience are the same worldwide…. Although how it plays out in each city may vary. The CRI is structured on 4 dimensions, 12 Goals and 52 Indicators. 4 Dimensions Health & wellbeing - People: things that sustain life in cities Economy & society - Organisation: things that allow people to live peacefully and act collectively. Infrastructure & environment - Place: physical infrastructure that, provide and connect us…. Natural and manmade. Leadership & strategy - Knowledge: this is about how a city can learn from the past and take timely action. CRI is unique in focussing on assessing the … overall capacity of cities to withstand multiple shocks and stresses 12 objetivos que las ciudades deben abarcar para ser resilientes. Esto es lo que más importa cuando un ciudad enfrenta un abanico amplio de problemas crónicos o catástrofes repentinas. 52 indicadores le entregan una mejor definición a los 12 objetivos. Estos identifican factores críticos que contribuyen hacia la Resiliencia de sistemas urbanos.
- The research shows that the factors that contribute to city resilience are the same worldwide…. Although how it plays out in each city may vary. The CRI is structured on 4 dimensions, 12 Goals and 52 Indicators. 4 Dimensions Health & wellbeing - People: things that sustain life in cities Economy & society - Organisation: things that allow people to live peacefully and act collectively. Infrastructure & environment - Place: physical infrastructure that, provide and connect us…. Natural and manmade. Leadership & strategy - Knowledge: this is about how a city can learn from the past and take timely action. CRI is unique in focussing on assessing the … overall capacity of cities to withstand multiple shocks and stresses 12 objetivos que las ciudades deben abarcar para ser resilientes. Esto es lo que más importa cuando un ciudad enfrenta un abanico amplio de problemas crónicos o catástrofes repentinas. 52 indicadores le entregan una mejor definición a los 12 objetivos. Estos identifican factores críticos que contribuyen hacia la Resiliencia de sistemas urbanos.