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Treat Me Like A Human, Dammit! 
The Importance of Behavioural Psychology on Digital Strategy 
21 November 2014
Behavioural what now?
Have I heard that somewhere before?
Urgency Comfort 
Bargain
Extra Urgency! 
Extra Comfort!
But these are tactics not strategies
User-Centric Design
Never the first 
First MP3 Player 1998 iPod 2001 
First smartphone 1999 iPhone 2007 
First tablet Computer 1996 iPad 2010
Just the best to use
Apple understand human beings
Queuing for an iPad
Hang on, understanding humans is a 
novel idea?
Unfortunately, yes
Unfortunately, yes
Unfortunately, yes
Behavioural Psychology 
Gives us a way to understand humans 
Helps us to understand … 
Who they are. 
Why they behave in the way that they do. 
How better to appeal to them.
Expect irrational behaviour.
Fine, but how do we create a strategy 
for the irrational?
Enough with the research!
You’re going to trust what people say? 
Ambiguity effect 
Anchoring orfocalism 
Attentional bias 
Availability heuristic 
Availability cascade 
Backfire effect 
Bandwagon effect 
Base rate fallacy or base rate neglect 
Belief bias 
Bias blind spot 
Cheerleader effect 
Choice-supportive bias 
Clustering illusion 
Confirmation bias 
Congruence bias 
Conjunction fallacy 
Conservatism orregressive bias 
Conservatism (Bayesian) 
Contrast effect 
Curse of knowledge 
Decoy effect 
Denomination effect 
Distinction bias 
Duration neglect 
Empathy gap 
Endowment effect 
Essentialism 
Exaggerated expectation 
Experimenter'sor expectation bias 
Focusing effect 
Forer effect orBarnum effect 
Framing effect 
Frequency illusion 
Functional fixedness 
Gambler's fallacy 
Hard–easy effect 
Hindsight bias 
Hostile media effect 
Hot-hand fallacy 
Hyperbolic discounting 
Identifiable victim effect 
IKEA effect 
Illusion of control 
Illusion of validity 
Illusory correlation 
Impact bias 
Information bias 
Insensitivity to sample size 
Irrational escalation 
Less-is-better effect 
Loss aversion 
Mere exposure effect 
Money illusion 
Moral credential effect 
Negativity effect 
Negativity bias 
Neglect of probability 
Normalcy bias 
Not invented here 
Observation selection bias 
Observer-expectancy effect 
Omission bias 
Optimism bias 
Ostrich effect 
Outcome bias 
Overconfidence effect 
Pareidolia 
Pessimism bias 
Planning fallacy 
Post-purchase rationalization 
Pro-innovation bias 
Pseudocertainty effect 
Reactance 
Reactive devaluation 
Recency illusion 
Restraint bias 
Rhyme as reason effect 
Risk compensation / Peltzman effect 
Selective perception 
Semmelweis reflex 
Social comparison bias 
Social desirability bias 
Status quo bias 
Stereotyping 
Subadditivity effect 
Subjective validation 
Survivorship bias 
Time-saving bias 
Unit bias 
Well travelled road effect 
Zero-risk bias 
Zero-sum heuristic 
Actor–observer bias 
Defensive attribution hypothesis 
Dunning–Kruger effect 
Egocentric bias 
Extrinsic incentives bias 
False consensus effect 
Forer effect(aka Barnum effect) 
Fundamental attribution error 
Group attribution error 
Halo effect 
Illusion of asymmetric insight 
Illusion of external agency 
Illusion of transparency 
Illusory superiority 
Ingroup bias 
Just-world hypothesis 
Moral luck 
Naïve cynicism 
Naïve realism 
Outgroup homogeneity bias 
Projection bias 
Self-serving bias 
Shared information bias 
System justification 
Trait ascription bias 
Ultimate attribution error 
Worse-than-average effect 
Bizarreness effect 
Choice-supportive bias 
Change bias 
Childhood amnesia 
Conservatism or Regressive bias 
Consistency bias 
Context effect 
Cross-race effect 
Cryptomnesia 
Egocentric bias 
Fading affect bias 
False memory 
Generation effect) effect(Self-generation 
Google effect 
Hindsight bias 
Humor effect 
Illusion of truth effect 
Illusory correlation 
Lag effect 
Leveling and Sharpening 
Levels-of-processing effect 
List-length effect 
Misinformation effect 
Modality effect 
Mood-congruent memory bias 
Next-in-line effect 
Part-list cueing effect 
Peak–end rule 
Persistence 
Picture superiority effect 
Positivity effect 
Primacy effectt, 
Recency effect & Serial position effect 
Processing difficulty effect 
Reminiscence bump 
Rosy retrospection 
Self-relevance effect 
Source confusion 
Spacing effect 
Spotlight effect 
Stereotypical bias 
Suffix effect 
Suggestibility 
Telescoping effect 
Testing effect 
Tip of the tonguephenomenon 
Verbatim effect 
Von Restorff effect 
Zeigarnik effect
“If I had asked people what they 
wanted, they would have said …
Review assumptions 
Oh look a nice, rational funnel. 
I start at the top and consider all the products. 
I carefully remove products as we go. 
I never add products back in. 
And eventually I buy something.
Deliver rational and emotional reasons
Test, learn, do it again! 
Test 
Learn 
Improve
Don’t trust people, trust actions
We can change things
Digital strategy then … 
Accept people are irrational. 
Give them emotional and rational reasons to purchase. 
Observe don’t ask directly. 
Test, learn, improve. 
Don’t fear change – nothing is ever complete!
Thank you. 
@adamsefton 
adam.sefton@readingroom.com

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The importance of behavioural psychology on digital strategy

  • 1. Treat Me Like A Human, Dammit! The Importance of Behavioural Psychology on Digital Strategy 21 November 2014
  • 3. Have I heard that somewhere before?
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 8. But these are tactics not strategies
  • 10. Never the first First MP3 Player 1998 iPod 2001 First smartphone 1999 iPhone 2007 First tablet Computer 1996 iPad 2010
  • 11. Just the best to use
  • 12.
  • 15. Hang on, understanding humans is a novel idea?
  • 19. Behavioural Psychology Gives us a way to understand humans Helps us to understand … Who they are. Why they behave in the way that they do. How better to appeal to them.
  • 21. Fine, but how do we create a strategy for the irrational?
  • 22. Enough with the research!
  • 23. You’re going to trust what people say? Ambiguity effect Anchoring orfocalism Attentional bias Availability heuristic Availability cascade Backfire effect Bandwagon effect Base rate fallacy or base rate neglect Belief bias Bias blind spot Cheerleader effect Choice-supportive bias Clustering illusion Confirmation bias Congruence bias Conjunction fallacy Conservatism orregressive bias Conservatism (Bayesian) Contrast effect Curse of knowledge Decoy effect Denomination effect Distinction bias Duration neglect Empathy gap Endowment effect Essentialism Exaggerated expectation Experimenter'sor expectation bias Focusing effect Forer effect orBarnum effect Framing effect Frequency illusion Functional fixedness Gambler's fallacy Hard–easy effect Hindsight bias Hostile media effect Hot-hand fallacy Hyperbolic discounting Identifiable victim effect IKEA effect Illusion of control Illusion of validity Illusory correlation Impact bias Information bias Insensitivity to sample size Irrational escalation Less-is-better effect Loss aversion Mere exposure effect Money illusion Moral credential effect Negativity effect Negativity bias Neglect of probability Normalcy bias Not invented here Observation selection bias Observer-expectancy effect Omission bias Optimism bias Ostrich effect Outcome bias Overconfidence effect Pareidolia Pessimism bias Planning fallacy Post-purchase rationalization Pro-innovation bias Pseudocertainty effect Reactance Reactive devaluation Recency illusion Restraint bias Rhyme as reason effect Risk compensation / Peltzman effect Selective perception Semmelweis reflex Social comparison bias Social desirability bias Status quo bias Stereotyping Subadditivity effect Subjective validation Survivorship bias Time-saving bias Unit bias Well travelled road effect Zero-risk bias Zero-sum heuristic Actor–observer bias Defensive attribution hypothesis Dunning–Kruger effect Egocentric bias Extrinsic incentives bias False consensus effect Forer effect(aka Barnum effect) Fundamental attribution error Group attribution error Halo effect Illusion of asymmetric insight Illusion of external agency Illusion of transparency Illusory superiority Ingroup bias Just-world hypothesis Moral luck Naïve cynicism Naïve realism Outgroup homogeneity bias Projection bias Self-serving bias Shared information bias System justification Trait ascription bias Ultimate attribution error Worse-than-average effect Bizarreness effect Choice-supportive bias Change bias Childhood amnesia Conservatism or Regressive bias Consistency bias Context effect Cross-race effect Cryptomnesia Egocentric bias Fading affect bias False memory Generation effect) effect(Self-generation Google effect Hindsight bias Humor effect Illusion of truth effect Illusory correlation Lag effect Leveling and Sharpening Levels-of-processing effect List-length effect Misinformation effect Modality effect Mood-congruent memory bias Next-in-line effect Part-list cueing effect Peak–end rule Persistence Picture superiority effect Positivity effect Primacy effectt, Recency effect & Serial position effect Processing difficulty effect Reminiscence bump Rosy retrospection Self-relevance effect Source confusion Spacing effect Spotlight effect Stereotypical bias Suffix effect Suggestibility Telescoping effect Testing effect Tip of the tonguephenomenon Verbatim effect Von Restorff effect Zeigarnik effect
  • 24. “If I had asked people what they wanted, they would have said …
  • 25. Review assumptions Oh look a nice, rational funnel. I start at the top and consider all the products. I carefully remove products as we go. I never add products back in. And eventually I buy something.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28. Deliver rational and emotional reasons
  • 29. Test, learn, do it again! Test Learn Improve
  • 30. Don’t trust people, trust actions
  • 31. We can change things
  • 32. Digital strategy then … Accept people are irrational. Give them emotional and rational reasons to purchase. Observe don’t ask directly. Test, learn, improve. Don’t fear change – nothing is ever complete!
  • 33. Thank you. @adamsefton adam.sefton@readingroom.com

Notas do Editor

  1. Understand people and their behaviour But accepting – in a traditional from traditional economics – that behaviour is irrational In our case, using that to our advantage
  2. What if behavioral psyc influences our digital strategies? Can we learn from elsewhere?
  3. MP3 Player was: The Audible Player closely followed by the Diamond Rio Smartphone was: in japan on NTT Docomo network Tablet was: Palm Pilot. MS was in 2000
  4. Unboxing the iPod video on the next slide.
  5. Use research to better understand the lives your customers lead Observe them as much as ask them