The document discusses integrated nutrient management (INM), which aims to improve soil health and sustain crop productivity through the combined use of chemical fertilizers, organic manures, and biological processes. It describes the objectives and concepts of INM, highlights the need for INM due to declining soil fertility from chemical fertilizers alone, and outlines the components of INM including fertilizers, manures, compost, green manures, crop residues, and biofertilizers. A case study shows how adopting INM for sugarcane farming in India increased yields and profits compared to chemical fertilizers alone.
2. What is inm…….
INM also know as IPNS, is a system
which aims at improving and
maintaining soil health to sustain the
desired crop productivity involved in
combined use of chemicals fertilizers ,
orgonic manures wastes coupled with
inputs through biological processes
3. Objectives of inm
The basic objectives of INM are
To reduce the inorgonic fertilizer requirement
To enhance nutrient use efficiency
To restore orgonic matter in the soil
To enhance and sustain soil health
To increase the farm income
To protect environment
4. Concept of INM
INM is based on the concept that the crop receive there
nutrition from the natural pathways and they are, soil,
water, and air
The soil by far is the most important and major nutrient
supply, but, the nutrient pathway cannot meet the total
nutrient requirement of the crops,
Resultantly, the nutrient consumption gap is build up in the
soil, and it has to be met immediately in order to sustain the
crop productivity at the desired level,
Now this nutrient gap consumption is generally met either by
the application of chemical fertilizers or by orgonic matter
or both
5. Nutrient balance sheet, the total removable nutrients
by the crop is about 32MT where as the addition of
nutrients from the other sources say chemical
fertilizers, Fym, compost, biofertilizers, through other
agriculture waste and other resources amounts to
around 24.6MT.
with the net gap of 7MT, now the nutrient
composition gap is increasing.
Long term use of the chemical fertilizers.. If not
judiciously used may effect the health of the soil,
they are costly and have limited supply
6. Lot of non renewable sources are being used in
there manufacture
There are several pollution hazards associated
with the chemical fertilizers
But the orgonic sources on the other hand has
been found to a long term beneficial effect on
soil pvty, crop pvty and protection of
environment
There fore INM system is very prudent and very
efficient in agriculture
7. Why is INM needed….
Soil which receive plant nutrients only through
chemical fertilizers are showing declining productivity
despite supplied with sufficient nutrients
The decline in productivity can be attributed to the
appearance of deficiency in secondary and micro
nutrients
The physical condition of the soil is detoriated as a
result of long term use of chemical fertilizers,
especially the nitrogenous ones, it also aggravates the
problem of poor fertilizers, nitrogen use efficiency
Excess nitrogen use leads to ground water and
environment pollution apart from destroying the
ozone layer through n2o production
8. Advantages of INM
Enhance the availability of applied as well as native
soil nutrient
Synchronizes the nutrient demand with the native
supply from native and supply resources
Provide balanced nutrients to crops
Improves and sustains the physical, chemical, and
biological functioning of the soil
Minimizes the detoriation of soil, water and
ecosystem by promoting corban sequestration
Reducing nutrient losses to ground surface water
bodies and atmosphere
Minimizes the antagonistic effects resulting from
hidden deficiency and nutrient imbalance
9. Components of INM
FERTILIZERS
MANURES
COMPOST
GREEN MANURES
CROP RESIDUES
BIO FERTILIZERS
10. CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS
farmers relay more on chemical fertilizers,
beacause the application of chemical
fertilizers show, immediate visible, and
spectacular effect on crop yield.
But, the problem is, the non judicious use for a
long period destroy the soil fertility and
decrease the soil health
They are costly and have limited supply, and
the irony is that the fertilizers use efficiency in
the field condition is very low ..
11.
12. eg: N-fertilizers the FUE is about 20-40%
P-fertilizers the FUE is 15-20%
K-fertilizers the FUE is 50-60%
and INM is a system which aims directly
in increasing the fertilizer efficiency and
improving the soil health
14. DEFINATION:
Orgonic manures is defined as the product resulting from the
controlled biological decomposition of orgonic matter
15.
16.
17.
18. ORGANIC MANURES
The use of chemical fertilizers is increasing day by day
for the sake of increasing production
the excess use of it, the fertility of soil health also
deteriorate
Therefore the use of orgonic manures is one of the
alternative ways for enhancing the production and the
soil health
It is not only cheaper, easily available ensure sustainable
agriculture too
19.
20. COMPOST
Bulky orgonic matter obtained as a result of
decomposition of farm/town waste in the
absence of cattle excreta, is called
compost
Farm compost
Super digested compost
Town compost
Rural compost
Urban compost
25. GREEN MANURES
Green undecomposed material used as manures is
called as green manures. Crops grown for green
manures are known as green manures crops
TYPES
1.GREEN MANURING IN-SITU
2.GREEN LEAF MANURING
32. Bacteria, fungi, alage which improves the nutrient status of
soil by fixation of nutrients and mobilization of nutrients in
the soil
For eg there are certain bacteria that fixes nitrogen in the
soil.. They may be symbiotic or asymbiotic
There are certain bacteria and fungi which solubilizes
phosphorus and they absorb the phosphorus in turn
available to the plant for the growth
And there are set of mo’s which are very useful and helpful
to in the decomposition of the orgonic residues
Which in the process these orgonic residues release the
growth promoting harmones which are very essential and
very imp to the plant growth
33. bio fertilizers are very imp component of INM.
As they help in the decomposition of the
orgonic matter, they also increses the
fertilizer use efficiency
They are cost effective
They are renewable energy sources
They are eco friendly
They help in protection of the environment
Because of this we say… the bio fertilizers use
should be promoted in the agriculture,
34. But looking at the present statistics…
We see today around 20,000 tons of bio
fertilizers are being produced
There are 164 biofertilizers manufacturing units
around
But, unfortunately they are working at one-
thirds of total installation capacity
And the total installed capacity is 67,000 tons
per annum
Where as we are producing only 20,000 tons of
bio fertilizers
35. If we look at zone wise production and consumption,
90% of bio fertilizers are produced and consumed in
southern and western states of India
10-11% are production and consumption by northern
and eastern parts of India
Maharastra, tamilnadu, Madhyapradesh.,
Andhrapradesh, Gujarath are major users of bio
fertilizers
36.
37. Issues for effective adoption of INM
Composting of agricultural and industrial wastes
should be boosted
Green manuring needs popularization, along with
strengthening of seed availability
Use of bio fertilizers should be enhanced
Services of soil survey and land use organization should
be used
Farming communities should be educated for the
benefits of INM, for its adoption, because they are the
end users ….
38. CASE STUDY: INM IN SUGARCANE
The farmers in the place jwalapur in up state were growing
sugarcane crops
Sugar cane being a exhaustive crop, and long duration crop, it
removes considerable amount of plant nutrients from the soil
Farmers use chemical fertilizers, due to there easy availability,
and scarcity of orgonic manures.
The physical, chemical , biological properties of the soil gets
adversely affected due to the continuous use of the chemical
fertilizers, resulting in the low yield of the sugarcane
While discussing under institution-village link up program, it
was found that the applying inorganic fertilizers in imbalanced
amounts
Then they are advised to fallow the INM
39. Farmers applied recommended doses of
fertilizers 150:60:60
NPK respectively
10t/ha fym /press mud was applied to the soil
just before last ploughing of the field
Yield of sugarcane was 63t/ha with existing
farmers practice while it was 82t/ha in INM
Net profits recorded as 49,800
Thus, the farmers got convinced to harvest
sustainable sugarcane yield by maintaining
soil fertility through INM system
