Coronary artery disease occurs when plaque builds up in the arteries, restricting blood flow to the heart. This can lead to a heart attack. The document describes symptoms of a heart attack like chest pain and shortness of breath. Current detection methods are described like ECG, stress tests, and angiograms but these are costly and not widely accessible. The document proposes a wearable heart attack detector in a smartwatch that uses sensors to monitor vital signs and detect abnormalities. If a heart attack is detected, it would alert emergency contacts by SMS with the patient's location to help provide rapid medical assistance.

1. BY
MANOJ. CT
NIKHYDA.N

2. Heart attack (coronary artery
disease)
Coronary artery disease is one of
the most common and serious
effects of aging. Fatty deposits,
plaque (cholesterols), emotional
stress, drugs intake builds up
spasm in blood vessel walls and
narrow the passageway for the
movement of blood. The resulting
condition, called atherosclerosis
often leads to eventual blockage of
the coronary arteries and it is
referred as
“ heart attack”.

4. signs and symptoms
Signs &
Symptoms
indigestion
&
Heartburn
Lose of
sensation
Shortness
Of Breath
Discomfort in
Left arm,jaw,
Back & neck
Chest
pain
For a normal human the symptoms will start before 1 week, critical
symptoms are shown before 20 min.
The other symptoms are: Anxiety, repeated cough with mild pain in chest,
shortness of breath, sweating even in normal condition.
For the elderly people (i.e., people with diabetes) they may have unusual
symptoms (shortness of breath, fatigue, weakness). This may leads to "silent
heart attack" which is a Heart attack with no symptoms.

5. Present detection and treatment available
[For the serious cases]
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG):
The ECG can detect abnormal heartbeats, some
areas of damage, inadequate blood flow, and heart
enlargement.
Treadmill Stress During exercise, healthy coronary
arteries dilate (develop a more open channel) than an artery
that has a blockage. This unequal dilation causes more
blood to heart muscle supplied by the normal artery. In
contrast, narrowed arteries end up supplying reduced flow
to it's area of distribution. This reduced flow causes the
involved muscle to "starve" during exercise.
Nuclear scan This test shows areas of the heart that lack blood flow and are damaged. It
also can reveal problems with the heart’s pumping action.
Coronary Balloon Angioplasty . The tests used to make the diagnosis of coronary artery
disease and its medical treatment Many patients with serious disease or those who fail on
medical therapy are treated with a "needle hole" or "percutaneous" (through the skin)
procedure called Angioplasty..

6. Present detection and treatment available
[For the normal cases]
Heart Basics 101 provides the
viewer with fundamental
information about the structure
and function of the heart.
Physical Examination: During
this phase of the cardiac
evaluation, the patient is
examined by the physician.
TEE or TE Echo cardiogram: TEE
uses ultrasound to examine the heart
with the use of a probe that looks at
the heart from the back.
Isotope stress test :An isotope
tracer is used to increase the
accuracy of a stress test in helping
diagnose coronary artery disease.
Holter monitor: This is a 24 hour
tape recording of the patient's
EKG. It is used to diagnose the
cause of symptoms such as black
outs, dizziness, irregular heart
beats and coronary artery spasm.
Heart attack or acute MI:
This section provides
fundamental details about a
heart attack together with its
cause, symptoms and
treatment.
Angiogram: A thin and flexible
tube or catheter is inserted into
the blood vessel of the arm or
leg and guided to the heart with
the use of x-ray. Contrast or
"dye" is injected to help
diagnose heart disease.

7. The disadvantage of the present detection devices
oIt cannot be used by the
normal people except the
experts who have learnt to
handle it.
oLack of awareness.
oAnd these detecting devices
are very costly and cannot be
Owned by individuals.
oMore over if only the patient
under observation the device
can detect and hence it is not
possible for all the cases.

8. To over come the disadvantage of present detection
devices ,we have implemented heart attack detector in a
digital wrist watch.
Our device will detect the heart attack when the symptoms
which starts in the body, this information will spread to other
members and hospitals simultaneously self awareness of the
patient is possible when this watch is wore by the respective
person.
Wireless heart attack detector in wrist watch
The goal is to provide early heart attack detection so that the
patient will be given medical attention within the first few
critical hours, thus greatly improving his or her chances of
survival.
But our innovation is to support both heart patients as well as
the normal persons.

9. TEMPERA P ULSE
-TURE SENSOR
SENSOR
TISSUE PRESSURE
SENSOR SENSOR
TEMPERA P ULSE
-TURE SENSOR
SENSOR
TISSUE PRESSURE
SENSOR SENSOR
PIC
MICRO
CONTROLLER
PIC
MICRO
CONTROLLER BUZZERBUZZER
LEDLED
Transmission
to 10
numbers
programmed
in it
Message transmitted to the list
of contacts described.
Block Diagram of
the construction in
Wrist watch
GSM
&
GPS

10. The operation of the heart attack will be performed on the basis of the
results sensed by the sensors plates installed on back of the wrist watch.
As per the block diagram,
 The tissue sensor will identify the blood flow through in the blood vessel in
our hand. If there a lack of blood flow, it will identify and produces a negative
result
 The temperature sensor work according with pressure sensor to send the
signal
The pulse sensor in the device will sense the pulse rate of the heart and
checks it with abnormal pulses programmed if it matches then it will produces
a negative result.
Operation of the sensors

11. Pulse sensor is also programmed to identify the state of angina.
The Heart Rate sensor measures heart rate between 0 and 200 bpm (beats
per minute).
The pressure sensor will identify the condition, which is programmed as:
Exceeding the stage 2 hyper tension will lead to heart attack
If the results are negative then all the sensors output will be logic 1 or else logic 0.
Low blood pressure level
CATEGORIES SYSTOLIC DIASTOLIC
Normal < 120 and <80
Prehypertension 120-139 or 80-89
Stage 1
hypertension
140-159 or 90-99
Stage 2
hypertension
> 160 or > 100
High blood
Pressure level

12. Buzzer
Flow chart of the
operation in the wrist
watch
If
(Sensor
condition
= normal)
If
(Sensor
condition
= normal)
Manipulation of
Sensor results
Manipulation of
Sensor results
Gsm and
tracking
program
enabled
red led for
abnormal
/blue led for
angina
red led for
abnormal
/blue led for
angina
yes
no

13. These signals are feed to Pic micro controller, which in turn gives
the output according to the results.
In pic micro controller ,logic AND performance is done with the 4
inputs from the sensors.
According to the output of the pic micro controller, i.e. if the
condition is abnormal then it glows red led and ON the buzzer for
self awareness of the person who is wearing it which would help for
self rescue.
Then it activates the GSM and message will be
sent to the 10 contact numbers of known members
which will be stored in it. Using tracker system the
location of the patient is also transmitted along with
the alert message transmitted.

14. ADVANTAGES:
PORTABLE
LOW POWER COMSUPTION.
AWARENESS TO THE PATIENT TO TAKE PRECAUTIONS.
LESS COST WHEN COMPARED WITH THE OTHER EQUIPMENTS
USED FOR HEART ATTACK DETECTION.
DECREASES DEATH RATE DUE TO HEART ATTACK.
EVEN HUGE HEART DAMAGES CAN BE PREVENTED
CAN BE USED DAILY AND EFFICIENTLY WITH THE AVAILED
RECHARGEABLE EQUIPMENTS WITH IT.

15. Thank you