This document discusses memory management techniques in operating systems. It covers topics such as binding instructions and data to memory at different stages, logical vs physical address spaces, memory management units that map virtual to physical addresses, dynamic loading and linking of code, using overlays to only hold needed instructions and data in memory, swapping processes temporarily out of memory to secondary storage, and contiguous allocation of memory to processes.

5. Multistep Processing of a User Program

8. Dynamic relocation using a relocation register

12. Overlays for a Two-Pass Assembler

14. Schematic View of Swapping

16. Hardware Support for Relocation and Limit Registers