1. CONCLUSION
Textile manufacturing is a multiple stage production system comprising of conversion of
fibres to yarns, yarns to fabrics and fabric finishing. Spinning is the operation in which the
fibre is converted to yarns and various process that the fibre undergo to get its yarn form are
blending in which the fabric is opened form is bale form and mixed with the desired fabric to
give the desired finishes, blow room in blow room the bales are further opened and converted
into lap form for further operation, the lap is further converted into sliver in cards in the
process known as carding, the slivers are then parallelised to give more strength in the
drawing machine in drawing operation , then the slivers are imparted twist and are wound in
the form of roving in the speed frame, after the roving have been made the fibres are
converted to yarns in the ring frame, after pinning the defects from the yarns are removed in
the autoconer , after that the fabric are given twist if required and are packaged for further
operations.
The yarns in weaving section are made into warp beams into warping section for using them
into further weaving operations, the fibres wound on the beams are then drawn in the drawing
in department where they are passed through heald. These beams are then transported to the
weaving loom where the formation of the fabric takes place. After fabric formation the fabric
is sent to the inspection section where the defects in the fabric are checked and they are sent
to the mending section for corrective action on the defect, after the fabrics have been mended
they are rolled and sent to the processing department.
In processing department the fabric are given fabric treatment according to the requirements,
for yarn dyed fabric they are given the treatment like scouring to remove the dirt or impurities
in the accumulated during the weaving process. They are also given treatments like heat
setting to give dimensional stability to the fabric, singeing is done to remove the protruding
fibres on the fabric surface, the fabric is then given treatments like Calendering , deacatisting
or super finishing to give the required finish to the fabric. In case of yarn dyed fabric the
fabrics are scoured first to remove the impurities, and then they are dyed in either jet dyeing
machine, beam dyeing machine or the jiggers. Then they are given the required treatment to
finish the fabric according to the buyer specification. Processing can also been done prior to
the fabric formation the fibres, tops or yarns can also be dyed which will produce the yarn
dyed fabric.
Throughout the above stated procedure of conversion of fibres to fabric extreme care should
be taken and production process needs to be carefully monitored as even a slight variation
may cause huge loss to the organisation. The production plan is a well chalked out plan and
utmost care is take to maintain the quality standards SQC and R&D are always working. The
production process is very closely monitored to minimize the defects while the production
process is being carried out and since a major portion of the fabric produced is for export
purpose adhering to the world class quality standard is a must so the work of quality control
and research and development department is of very high importance.