2. How to build a semantic application
• What is the goal of a semantic application.
• Not only focused on known requirements,
but also anticipate on unknown…’future’
settings.
3. Goal of semantic application
• Social medium (twitter, hyves, facebook etc
Communication
• Discussion platform (Linkedin..)
Business oriented
• Information medium
Questions like….
5. Benefits of the semantic web
• Finding resources more quickly and easily
• Storing corporate knowledge
• To generate new knowledge
• Improve the Clinic’s ability to use patient data for
generating new knowledge to improve future patient care
through outcomes-based and longitudinal clinical research.
• Cross sectional data analysis
6.
7. Problems on internet
• Format
• Language
– Homograph: group of words that share the same spelling but have
different meanings
– Homonym: group of words that share the same spelling or pronunciation
(or both) but have different meanings
– Synonym: different words with identical or at least similar meanings
– Polysemy: the capacity for a word to have multiple meanings
8. Need for new semantic
“functions” for
information and
knowledge processing
9. Example
Internet is collection documents with data mostly
represented in tabular form with different formats
and dimension.
How to integrate information
10. Health Care Civilians
How to define
Relation care takers and care need
Relation care takers and care need
depending living place
Relation care takers and care need of
older people depending living place
Age
Living place
Age
15. • Find models on the web
RFD/XML files
• Direct access to selected documents
Special Google search
• Built a model from scratch
SQL versus relational database
Use of inferencing
16. • Find models on the web
RFD/XML files
• Direct access to selected documents
Special Google search
• Built a model from scratch
SQL versus relational database
Use of inferencing
18. • Find models on the web
RFD/XML files
• Direct access to selected documents
Special Google search
• Built a model from scratch
SQL versus relational database
Use of inferencing
22. An Ontology
• Defines
– a common vocabulary
– a shared understanding
– re-use of domain knowledge.
• Is an explicit description of a domain:
– Concepts (classes, subclasses and superclasses)
– properties and attributes of concepts
– constraints on properties and attributes
– Individuals (often, but not always)
27. Description of domain by RDF
RDF: Resource Description Framework
is a data model for representing metadata
(information about Resources = URI)
in the World Wide Web.
34. the book has a title with value "Javascript"
subject has a property with object "value" (s,p,o)
This is the essence of RDF: the (s,p,o) triple
Any expression in RDF is a collection of triples
38. Storage of RDF’s in an XML document with the tag rdf:RDF
The content of an XML document is a number of descriptions, which use
rdf:Description tags.
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:mydomain="http://www.mydomain.org/my-rdf-ns">
<rdf:Description
rdf:about="http://www.cit.gu.edu.au/~db">
<mydomain:site-owner
rdf:resource=“#David Billington“/>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
39. rdfs
RDFS is a vocabulary description language, using
– Classes and Properties
– Class Hierarchies and Inheritance
– Property Hierarchies
OWL/OWL2:
A richer ontology language, disjointness, cardinality, characteristics of properties
(SymmetricProperty, TransitiveProperty, and inverseOf, FunctionalProperty,
InverseFunctional-Property, sameAs.)
40.
41. Some RDFS inference rules
• (X R Y), (R subPropertyOf Q) (X Q Y)
• (X R Y), (R domain C) (X type C)
• (X type C), (C subClassOf D) (X type D)
42. (X type C), (C subClassOf D) (X type D)
Doctor
Surgeon Anaesthesist
rdfs: subClassOfrdfs: subClassOf
Rdf:type
If ?p rdf:type ?Surgeon
If ?Surgeon rdfs: subClassOf ? Doctor
Then ?p rdf:type ?Doctor
43. (X R Y), (R subPropertyOf Q) (X Q Y)
worksFor
freeLancesTo isEmployedBy
rdfs: subPropertyOfrdfs: subPropertyOf
?p
If ?p freeLancesTo ?Hospital
If freeLancesTo rdfs: subPropertyOf worksFor
Then ?p worksFor ?Hospital
44. domain range
If P(PROPERTY) rdfs: domain D and x P Y then x rdf: type D
If P(PROPERTY) rdfs: range R and x P Y then y rdf: type R
?Hospital hasSpecialism ?Physician
?Physician hasCompetences ?Competences
57. Searching internet
Input: assistive device disabled persons
Output: description and Url’s of assistive devices
What
Where to find
description
detailed
58. Searching internet
Input:
assistive need for older or disabled persons
• Aids for low-vision or blind persons
• Aids for motor disabilities
• Persons hard of hearing
• Demency
• COPD
• Chronic diseases
• Home care
• Emergency service
Output:
description and Url’s of assistive advice
