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A PROJECT REPORT ONChanging Trends in Mutual Fund Industry Post Entry Load Waiver & The Resultant Impact On IFA Segment                                                                          SUBMITTED BYPREETI YADAV (M100700040)ORGANISATION: DSP BlackRock MUTUAL FUND COMPANY LTD.LOCATION: CHANDIGARH<br />ACKNOWLEDGEMENT<br />At the ecstatic time of presenting my project on<br />First of all, I bow the almighty God for blessing me with enough patience and strength to go through this challenging face of life.<br />,[object Object]
My humble thanks and feigned gratefulness to Mr. Bimal Jeet Singh, my company guide and Mr. Iqbal Bhatti who emitted signals of profound knowledge and deep insight without which it would have been difficult to give a physical shape to the project.
I would also like to thank Ms. Lipika Nangia and Ms. Nishi Kalia who supported me and help me to understand the practical working of the mutual fund industry.I wish to acknowledge with regards the staff and officials of the DSP BlackRock Mutual Fund Company Ltd. for their support during my internship. <br />Table of Content<br />,[object Object]
DSP Group Overview
Management of DSP Group
Main competitors
Financial statement analysis
Executive summary
Abstract
Objective of the study
Scope of the study
Introduction to project title
Concept of a Mutual Fund
Conceptual Framework of MF
Advantages & Disadvantages of MF
10. Types of MF schemes
11. Modes of Receiving Income Earned From MF Investment
12. Investment Philosophy of DSP BlackRock MF
13. Different scheme of BlackRock
14. Growth of MF Industry in India
15. Recent trends in MF Industry
16. How to invest in MF Industry
17. Fees & commission paid to MF
18. How Financial Advisers get paid for selling MF?
19. Changing distribution structure of MF
20. Why an IFA?
21. MF with NO distributors
22. Literature Review
23. Research Methodology
1.1 Survey Analysis
1.2 Objectives
1.3 Sampling Method
1.4 Research Instrument
1.5 Assumption
1.6 Limitation of study24. Performance Evaluation<br />25. How to calculate the value of a MF<br />26. Measuring MF Performance<br />27. Composition of the portfolio<br />28. Questionnaire Analysis<br />30. Bibliography<br />31. Annexures<br />Figures<br />Fig 1 Concept of MF<br />Fig 2 Structure of MF<br />Fig 3 Types of MF Schemes<br />Fig 4 Aggressive plan<br />Fig 5 Conservative plan<br />Fig 6 Fees paid to shareholders<br />Fig 7 Asset growth & shift in source of adviser’s compensation<br />Fig 8 Investment in MF<br />Fig 9 Decision Influencer<br />Fig 10 Risk appetite<br />Fig 11 safe/ secured returns<br />Fig 12 Income tax Incentives<br />Fig 13 Quality of service of MF agents<br />Fig 14 Selection of Investment Fund<br />Fig 15 Entry and Exit load<br />Introduction <br />DSP Group Overview<br />,[object Object]
The Kothari family of D.S. Purbhoodas and Co. is the promoter and owner of DSP Group.
Track record of over 140 years, one of the oldest financial services firms in India.
One of the founding members and first directors of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE).
Each generation of the DSP Group has seen a partner serving as President of the Bombay Stock Exchange, bearing testimony to the long-standing position DSP Group occupies in the Indian Financial arena.
Mr. Hemendra Kothari, Chairman of DSP BlackRock Investment Managers, has an experience of over 40 years in the financial services industry, and also served the Bombay Stock Exchange in the capacity of Vice President for three years after which he was elected as President in 1991-92.BlackRock holds 40% stake in DSP BlackRock Investment Managers Independent firm in ownership and governance.<br />,[object Object]
No majority owners
Majority of Board of Directors is independent.
Laurence Fink, Chairman& CEO since firm’s inception.Leader in creating solutions for clients<br />,[object Object]
Customizes solutions to meet risk/return objectives.
Innovative strategies and services within and across asset classes.
Client dialogues have resulted in advisory assignments.
Senior level of commitment to client service.
“One BlackRock” approach result in consistency & quality throughout firm.Pioneer in risk management and technology<br />,[object Object]
BlackRock Solutions offers independent risk management products.DSP BlackRock<br />DSP BlackRock Investment Managers is a joint venture between DSP Group and BlackRock<br />With our three – dimensional approach to managing the organization, we seek to:<br />,[object Object]
Allow for the tailoring of products and services according to client or local needs.
Promote teamwork among our employees worldwide; and
Facilitate operational integrity and efficiency.Our Values <br />Integrity<br />,[object Object]
We are fiduciaries and leaders in our industry. We understand the responsibility we carry.
We respect differences and learn from them. We take time to teach others.
We are open and honest in all our communications. We speak the truth.Values<br />Client focus<br />,[object Object]
We put our clients first and at the heart of all we do.
We listen and deeply understand our clients businesses, risk and issues.
We help our clients better meet their investment goals.
We anticipate trends and help clients plot the future course.
Consistently exceed our client’s expectations. Make decisions close to our clients.Management - DSP BlackRock<br />NameDesignationShitin DesaiExecutive Vice ChairmanJennifer TaylorAdditional DirectorNameDesignationPradeep DokaniaDirectorAntonios BiniarisAdditional Director<br />Main Competitors <br />HDFC Mutual Fund<br />Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund<br />Reliance Mutual Fund<br />Prudential ICICI Mutual Fund<br />Kotak Mutual Fund<br />Franklin Templeton Mutual Fund<br />UTI Mutual Fund<br />Competitors                                                                                                  Last PriceMarket Cap.(Rs.cr.)SalesTurnoverNet ProfitTotal AssetsRel Capital575.5514,167.741,808.81229.2718,917.21Bajaj Holdings772.058,592.421,074.561,000.094,603.16Bajaj Finserv535.707,750.70119.81188.341,390.16Muthoot Finance185.356,889.70---Religare Enterp464.406,478.08126.714.992,583.28Responsive Ind106.652,790.44724.5047.21452.31Tata Inv Corp480.302,646.23245.95198.591,639.68JM Financial21.801,634.5344.1210.041,617.88Future Ventures9.701,528.9613.12-0.67-JSW Holdings865.20960.3424.0720.70642.64<br />Financial Statement Analysis<br />Balance Sheet<br />Balance Sheet of DSP BlackRock------------------- in Rs. Cr. -------------------<br />Mar '09Mar '08Mar '07Dec '0512mths12mths15mths12mthsSources Of FundsTotal Share Capital697.50697.50697.5022.50Equity Share Capital22.5022.5022.5022.50Share Application Money0.000.000.000.00Preference Share Capital675.00675.00675.000.00Reserves1,395.511,322.66912.81529.65Revaluation Reserves0.000.000.000.00Net worth2,093.012,020.161,610.31552.15Secured Loans4.804.961,020.753.12Unsecured Loans0.00151.40839.8812.00Total Debt4.80156.361,860.6315.12Total Liabilities2,097.812,176.523,470.94567.27Mar '09Mar '08Mar '07Dec '0512mths12mths15mths12mthsApplication Of FundsGross Block187.46168.2881.3060.36Less: Accum. Depreciation111.6878.2152.3042.15Net Block75.7890.0729.0018.21Capital Work in Progress0.945.8415.652.75Investments1,676.881,684.79644.7070.49Inventories128.9141.412,206.18303.41Sundry Debtors53.69200.04546.60187.06Cash and Bank Balance274.35610.86115.3356.13Total Current Assets456.95852.312,868.11546.60Loans and Advances339.93315.13298.10645.07Fixed Deposits961.191,996.111,186.19289.24Total CA, Loans & Advances1,758.073,163.554,352.401,480.91Deffered Credit0.000.000.000.00Current Liabilities1,249.312,716.801,562.88658.20Provisions164.5650.927.91346.90Total CL & Provisions1,413.872,767.721,570.791,005.10Net Current Assets344.20395.832,781.61475.81Miscellaneous Expenses0.000.000.000.00Total Assets2,097.802,176.533,470.96567.26Contingent Liabilities33.7636.0156.5615.08Book Value (Rs)630.23597.85415.69245.40<br />Profit & Loss account of DSP BlackRock------------------- in Rs. Cr. -------------------Mar '09Mar '08Mar '07Dec '05Dec '0412mths12mths15mths12mths12mthsIncomeSales Turnover649.631,236.521,160.21480.96363.05Excise Duty0.000.000.000.000.00Net Sales649.631,236.521,160.21480.96363.05Other Income164.5035.31119.377.126.73Stock Adjustments0.000.000.000.000.00Total Income814.131,271.831,279.58488.08369.78ExpenditureRaw Materials0.000.000.000.000.00Power & Fuel Cost0.000.000.000.000.00Employee Cost296.69339.37348.37139.0487.16Other Manufacturing Expenses3.774.322.831.781.57Selling and Admin Expenses129.64178.89145.7249.6546.18Miscellaneous Expenses29.1627.5335.4614.7611.96Preoperative Exp Capitalized0.000.000.000.000.00Total Expenses459.26550.11532.38205.23146.87Mar'09Mar '08Mar '07Dec '05Dec '0412mths12mths15mths12mths12mthsOperating Profit190.37686.41627.83275.73216.18PBDIT354.87721.72747.20282.85222.91Interest3.8339.23172.2915.2111.54PBDT351.04682.49574.91267.64211.37Depreciation35.4328.1712.706.696.30Other Written Off0.000.000.000.000.00Profit Before Tax315.61654.32562.21260.95205.07Extra-ordinary items11.55-3.030.61-0.01-0.03PBT (Post Extra-ord Items)327.16651.29562.82260.94205.04Tax102.62217.76177.6490.9872.72Reported Net Profit224.53433.54385.19169.98132.33Total Value Addition459.27550.10532.38205.22146.86Preference Dividend20.2520.250.940.000.00Equity Dividend0.000.000.0022.5054.00Corporate Dividend Tax9.933.440.163.167.70Per share data (annualized)Shares in issue (lakhs)225.00225.00225.00225.00225.00Earnings Per Share (Rs)90.79183.68170.7775.5458.82Equity Dividend (%)0.000.000.00100.00240.00Book Value (Rs)630.23597.85415.69245.40181.26<br />Cash Flow of DSP BlackRock------------------- in Rs. Cr. -------------------<br />Mar '09Mar '08Mar '07Dec '0512mths12mths15mths12mthsNet Profit Before Tax229.59654.34456.27276.06Net Cash From Operating Activities-406.741636.10-221.63159.84Net Cash (used in)/fromInvesting Activities94.48-622.70-500.14-54.20Net Cash (used in)/from Financing Activities-24.010.34649.01-61.34Net (decrease)/increase In Cash and Cash Equivalents-336.261013.74-72.7644.30Opening Cash & Cash Equivalents1105.3891.64164.40120.10Closing Cash & Cash Equivalents769.111105.3891.64164.40<br />key Financial Ratios of DSP BlackRock------------------- in Rs. Cr. -------------------<br />Mar '09Mar '08Mar '07Dec '05Dec '04Investment Valuation RatiosFace Value10.0010.0010.0010.0010.00Dividend Per Share------10.0024.00Operating Profit Per Share (Rs)84.61305.08279.03122.5596.08Net Operating Profit Per Share (Rs)288.72549.57515.65213.76161.36Free Reserves Per Share (Rs)620.17587.80308.40172.35123.31Bonus in Equity Capital75.5575.5575.5575.5575.55Profitability RatiosOperating Profit Margin (%)29.3055.5154.1157.3359.54Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin (%)22.8552.5352.5655.2656.82Gross Profit Margin (%)23.8453.2339.7854.7257.11Cash Profit Margin (%)16.5635.5833.9936.2837.53Adjusted Cash Margin (%)16.5635.5824.6036.0337.43Net Profit Margin (%)33.1134.6032.9134.9135.82Adjusted Net Profit Margin (%)33.1134.6023.5234.6535.72Return On Capital Employed (%)8.7330.9918.0148.4630.86Return On Net Worth (%)14.4030.7223.9230.7832.45Adjusted Return on Net Worth (%)3.9929.5429.3330.5532.35Return on Assets Excluding Revaluations630.23597.85415.6910.819.23Return on Assets Including Revaluations630.23597.85415.6910.819.23Return on Long Term Funds (%)8.7333.3118.0148.4630.86Liquidity And Solvency RatiosCurrent Ratio1.241.082.771.471.90Quick Ratio1.131.121.351.171.25Debt Equity Ratio0.480.622.710.030.72Long Term Debt Equity Ratio0.480.512.710.030.72Debt Coverage RatiosInterest Cover47.8317.203.6318.0718.74Total Debt to Owners Fund0.480.622.710.030.72Financial Charges Coverage Ratio57.0717.923.7018.5119.29Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax68.8212.773.3112.6113.02Management Efficiency RatiosInventory Turnover Ratio----0.531.600.77Debtors Turnover Ratio5.123.313.162.051.66Investments Turnover Ratio----------Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio----49.6341.4532.35Total Assets Turnover Ratio--0.570.340.860.52Asset Turnover Ratio3.817.8516.219.397.16Average Raw Material Holding----------Average Finished Goods Held----------Number of Days In Working Capital190.75115.241,078.88356.15655.21Profit & Loss Account RatiosMaterial Cost Composition----------Imported Composition of Raw Materials Consumed----------Selling Distribution Cost Composition3.383.203.992.753.98Expenses as Composition of Total Sales9.348.206.5913.0010.91Cash Flow Indicator RatiosDividend Payout Ratio Net Profit4.850.830.0415.0946.62Dividend Payout Ratio Cash Profit4.140.770.0414.5244.50Earning Retention Ratio82.4899.1499.9584.8053.26Cash Earning Retention Ratio89.2299.2099.9585.3855.38Adjusted Cash Flow Times0.040.356.460.092.12Dec'04Dec '05Mar '07Mar '08Mar '09Earnings Per Share58.8275.54170.77183.6890.79Book Value181.26245.40415.69597.85630.23<br />Executive Summary<br />I am Preeti Yadav from the batch of 2010-11, Chitkara Business School, Baddi.<br />I did my Summer Internship Project with DSP BlackRock Asset Management Company Ltd. (www.dspblackrock.com) from May 2010 to 15th July 2010. <br />Profile- a) Evaluate the performance of DSP BlackRock Funds.<br />b) Distribution Channel Management.<br />c) Investor awareness about mutual funds.<br />Reporting – I reported to Mr. Bimal Jeet Singh, Manager – Sales who kept guiding me during the project as and when required.<br />Learning during training-<br />,[object Object]
 The nature of project involved the whole survey of how to calculate the value and performance of mutual fund and by comparing these values from different company’s mutual funds.
Know about the risks associated with mutual funds and the difference in the evaluation of debt funds and equity funds.
I learned the difference of investing in mutual fund and other investment (bank/post office) products.
The scope of the project was also to find out that what factors forces the customers to buy a particular mutual fund. I learned what things investor should keep in mind before investing into any fund apart from that I have also seen what Indian investors think about mutual fund and how much they are aware about mutual funds.
Opportunity to learn about the ups and downs in the market and its impact on the performance of various schemes.
The presentations of DSP BlackRock MF that I gave to our alternate distribution channel’s employees helped me to get exposed to various problems that the distributors face during selling of mutual fund schemes and how to tackle with such problems.
I have learned that mutual funds now present perhaps the most appropriate investment opportunity for most investors. As financial markets become more sophisticated and complex, investors need a financial intermediary who provides the required knowledge and professional expertise on successful investing.
Learning about several business operations of the company.
 Corporate Exposure during training made me more confident and outgoing.Training provided me an opportunity to interact with employees in the company. This made me used to corporate Environment and also helped me hone my soft skill. Interaction with Relationship Managers and branch heads at various banks boosted my confidence and infused enthusiasm in me.<br />Achievements – The performance evaluation of different mutual fund schemes done by me will help the organization to explore where DSP BlackRock MF stands in the market compared to other mutual funds. I have also tried to check the Indian investor’s awareness about MF investments. My work during the summer training was appreciated a lot which was a constant source of inspiration for me. The Indian MF industry has already started opening up many of the exciting investment opportunity to Indian investors. Despite the expected consulting growth in the industry, mutual funds are still a new financial intermediary in India. Hence, it is important that the investors, the mutual fund agents/ distributors, the investment advisors and even the fund employees acquire better knowledge of what mutual funds are, what they can do for investors and what they cannot and how they function differently from other intermediaries such as banks. This is what I try to achieve by giving training to them as DSP asset management’s representative.<br />I have done my best to make it a genuine study. But there are some chances of mistakes. A critical appraisal of anyone will be heartily welcomed.<br />Abstract<br />Mutual fund industry in India is relatively new with a lot of untapped market. After the opening up of this industry since 1993 there has been no looking back and the ‘Assets under Management’ have only been rising. The industry today is facing stiff competition with each player fighting for a bigger mind share and market size.<br />I have selected this project in order to know the changing trends in mutual fund industry post entry load waiver and the resultant impact on the IFA segment. It is also done in order to know as to how much knowledge the investor has about the mutual funds and their performance and to study in detail the results of investing in this alternate channel of investment. During the course of mu training I have made use of various test and techniques. These techniques were effective to analyze various finding and interpret correct results as required by research objectives. The results are being analyzed through various bar graphs and other similar charts.<br />The first part of the project involves the whole survey of how to calculate the value and performance of mutual fund and by comparing these values from different company’s mutual funds. The project also includes comparison of mutual fund with other bank/post office products. The research also includes what things investor should keep in mind before investing into any fund.<br />In the second part of the project a market research was conducted to determine the level of investor awareness & marketing strategy followed by the organization to promote the fund as well as performance evaluation of the mutual funds offered by DSP Blackrock Mutual Fund in Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali region. The scope of the project was also to find out those factors which forces the customers to buy a particular mutual fund and those factors which discourage the investor to buy them. Apart from<br />that I have also tried to find out what investors thinks about mutual fund i.e. how much are they aware about mutual funds.<br />The project also contains about the history of mutual funds, investing strategies, conceptual framework, risk associated and investment philosophy. <br />Objective of the Study<br />,[object Object]
To study investor awareness regarding various types of Mutual Funds and various schemes offered by these mutual funds.
To study where DSP MF does stands in the market & what steps they should take to improve their position in the market.
Scope of the StudyThe study is conducted to understand the investor awareness and the performance of the various schemes offered by DSP MF and managing the inactive alternate distribution channel of DSP AMC Ltd. It also includes studying in the depth this alternate tool of investment (mutual fund).<br />,[object Object]
The secondary research required exploring research papers, newspapers, magazines, fact sheets of various funds and their offer documents.It also involved surfing the internet.<br />                        Ch. 1- Introduction<br />The one investment vehicle that has truly come of age in India in the past decade is mutual funds. Today, the mutual fund industry in the country manages around Rs 329,162 crore (As of Dec, 2006) of assets, a large part of which comes from retail investors. And this amount is invested not just in equities, but also in the entire gamut of debt instruments. Mutual funds have emerged as a proxy for investing in avenues that are out of reach of most retail investors, particularly government securities and money market instruments. <br />Specialization is the order of the day, be it with regard to a scheme’s investment objective or its targeted investment universe. Given the plethora of options on hand and the hard-sell adopted by mutual funds vying for a piece of your savings, finding the right scheme can sometimes seem a bit daunting. Mind you, it’s not just about going with the fund that gives you the highest returns. It’s also about managing risk–finding funds that suit your risk appetite and investment needs.<br />So, how can you, the retail investor, create wealth for yourself by investing through mutual funds? To answer that, we need to get down to brass tacks–what exactly is a mutual fund?<br />Very simply, a mutual fund is an investment vehicle that pools in the monies of several investors, and collectively invests this amount in either the equity market or the debt market, or both, depending upon the fund’s objective. This means you can access either the equity or the debt market, or both, without investing directly in equity or debt.<br />The essential features of the mutual funds distinguishing from other of the investments are:-<br />,[object Object]
The price at which units can be bought and sold is governed solely by the value of the underlying securities held by the MF and dealing in units are on the basis of net market value of the investment per unit.
The managers of MF are obliged to redeem any units in issue on demand or certain specified period.
All dividend income that the MF receives on its investments is paid out to unit holders.
Since the unit held by investor evidences the ownership of the fund’s assets, the value of an investors part ownership is determined by the NAV of the number of units held.Concept of a Mutual Fund<br />A Mutual Fund is a trust that pools the savings of a number of investors who share a common financial goal. The money thus collected is then invested in capital market instruments such as shares, debentures and other securities. The income earned through these investments and the capital appreciation realized is shared by its unit holders in proportion to the number of units owned by them. Thus a Mutual Fund is the most suitable investment for the common man as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified, professionally managed basket of securities at a relatively low cost. The flow chart below describes broadly the working of a mutual fund:-<br />Figure 1<br />914400topSavings form an important part of the economy of any nation. With savings invested in various options available to the people, the money acts as the driver for growth of the country. Indian financial scene too presents multiple avenues to the investors. Though certainly not the best or deepest of markets in the world, it has ignited the growth rate in mutual fund industry to provide reasonable options for an ordinary man to invest his savings. <br />Investment goals vary from person to person. While somebody wants security, others might give more weightage to returns alone. Somebody else might want to plan for his child’s education while somebody might be saving for the proverbial rainy day or even life after retirement. With objectives defying any range, it is obvious that the products required will vary as well. <br />Investors earn from a Mutual Fund in three ways:<br />Income is earned from dividends declared by mutual fund schemes from time to time.<br />If the fund sells securities that have increased in price, the fund has a capital gain. This is reflected in the price of each unit. When investors sell these units at prices higher than their purchase price, they stand to make a gain. <br />If fund holdings increase in price but are not sold by the fund manager, the fund's unit price increases. You can then sell your mutual fund units for a profit. This is tantamount to a valuation gain.<br />Though still at a nascent stage, Indian MF industry offers a plethora of schemes and serves broadly all type of investors. The range of products includes equity funds, debt, liquid, gilt and balanced funds. There are also funds meant exclusively for young and old, small and large investors. Moreover, the setup of a legal structure, which has enough teeth to safeguard investors’ interest, ensures that the investors are not cheated out of their hard-earned money. All in all, benefits provided by them cut across the boundaries of investor category and thus create for them, a universal appeal.<br />Investors of all categories could choose to invest on their own in multiple options but opt for mutual funds for the sole reason that all benefits come in a package. <br />,[object Object],A mutual fund is constituted as a public trust created under the Indian Trust Act, 1882. SEBI (mutual fund) regulations, 1996 regulate the structure of the mutual funds in India. As per these regulations should have the following three-tier structure:<br />,[object Object]
ii)   Trust/trustee
iii)   Asset Management Company
Apart from this mutual fund consist of
  Figure 2
SponsorSponsor is the person who acting alone or in combination with another body corporate establishes a mutual fund. The sponsor establishes the mutual fund and registers the same with SEBI. Sponsor appoints the Trustees, custodians and the AMC with prior approval of SEBI and in accordance with SEBI Regulations. Sponsor must have a 5-year track record of business interest in the financial markets. Sponsor must have been profit making in at least 3 of the above 5 years. Sponsor must contribute at least 40% of the net worth of the Investment Managed and meet the eligibility criteria prescribed under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996.The Sponsor is not responsible or liable for any loss or shortfall resulting from the operation of the Schemes beyond the initial contribution made by it towards setting up of the Mutual Fund.<br />,[object Object],The Mutual Fund is constituted as a trust in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Trusts Act, 1882 by the Sponsor. The trust deed is registered under the Indian Registration Act, 1908.<br />,[object Object],Trustee is usually a company (corporate body) or a Board of Trustees (body of individuals). The main responsibility of the Trustee is to safeguard the interest of the unit holders and inter alia ensure that the AMC functions in the interest of investors and in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996, the provisions of the Trust Deed and the Offer Documents of the respective Schemes. At least 2/3rd directors of the Trustee are independent directors who are not associated with the Sponsor in any manner.<br />,[object Object],The AMC is appointed by the Trustee as the Investment Manager of the Mutual Fund. The AMC is required to be approved by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to act as an asset management company of the Mutual Fund. At least 50% of the directors of the AMC are independent directors who are not associated with the Sponsor in any manner. The AMC must have a net worth of at least 10 crore at all times.<br />,[object Object],The AMC if so authorized by the Trust Deed appoints the Registrar and Transfer Agent to the Mutual Fund. The Registrar processes the application form, redemption requests and dispatches account statements to the unit holders. The Registrar and Transfer agent also handles communications with investors and updates investor records.<br />,[object Object],A custodian is an agent, bank, trust company, or other organization which holds and safeguards an individual's, mutual funds, or investment company's assets for them.<br />Advantages of Mutual Funds<br />Professional Management <br />Mutual Funds provide the services of experienced and skilled professionals, backed by a dedicated investment research team that analyses the performance and prospects of companies and selects suitable investments to achieve the objectives of the scheme. This risk of default by any company that one has chosen to invest in, can be minimized by investing in mutual funds as the fund managers analyze the companies’ financials more minutely than an individual can do as they have the expertise to do so. They can manage the maturity of their portfolio by investing in instruments of varied maturity profiles.<br />Diversification<br />Mutual Funds invest in a number of companies across a broad cross-section of industries and sectors. This diversification reduces the risk because seldom do all stocks decline at the same time and in the same proportion. You achieve this diversification through a Mutual Fund with far less money than you can do on your own.<br />Convenient Administration<br />Investing in a Mutual Fund reduces paperwork and helps you avoid many problems such as bad deliveries, delayed payments and follow up with brokers and companies. Mutual Funds save your time and make investing easy and convenient.<br />Return Potential<br />Over a medium to long-term, Mutual Funds have the potential to provide a higher return as they invest in a diversified basket of selected securities. Apart from liquidity, these funds have also provided very good post-tax returns on year to year basis. Even historically, we find that some of the debt funds have generated superior returns at relatively low level of risks. On an average debt funds have posted returns over 10 percent over one-year horizon. The best performing funds have given returns of around 14 percent in the last one-year period. In nutshell we can say that these funds have delivered more than what one expects of debt avenues such as post office schemes or bank fixed deposits. Though they are charged with a dividend distribution tax on dividend payout at 12.5 percent (plus a surcharge of 10 percent), the net income received is still tax free in the hands of investor and is generally much more than all other avenues, on a post-tax basis. <br />Low Costs<br />Mutual Funds are a relatively less expensive way to invest compared to directly investing in the capital markets because the benefits of scale in brokerage, custodial and other fees translate into lower costs for investors.<br />Liquidity<br />In open-end schemes, the investor gets the money back promptly at net asset value related prices from the Mutual Fund. In closed-end schemes, the units can be sold on a stock exchange at the prevailing market price or the investor can avail of the facility of direct repurchase at NAV related prices by the Mutual Fund. Since there is no penalty on pre-mature withdrawal, as in the cases of fixed deposits, debt funds provide enough liquidity. Moreover, mutual funds are better placed to absorb the fluctuations in the prices of the securities as a result of interest rate variation and one can benefits from any such price movement. <br />Transparency<br />Investors get regular information on the value of your investment in addition to disclosure on the specific investments made by your scheme, the proportion invested in each class of assets and the fund manager's investment strategy and outlook.<br />Flexibility <br />Through features such as regular investment plans, regular withdrawal plans and dividend reinvestment plans; you can systematically invest or withdraw funds according to your needs and convenience.<br />Affordability<br />A single person cannot invest in multiple high-priced stocks for the sole reason that his pockets are not likely to be deep enough. This limits him from diversifying his portfolio as well as benefiting from multiple investments. Here again, investing through MF route enables an investor to invest in many good stocks and reap benefits even through a small investment. Investors individually may lack sufficient funds to invest in high-grade stocks. A mutual fund because of its large corpus allows even a small investor to take the benefit of its investment strategy. <br />Choice of Schemes<br />Mutual Funds offer a family of schemes to suit your varying needs over a lifetime.<br />Well Regulated<br />All Mutual Funds are registered with SEBI and they function within the provisions of strict regulations designed to protect the interests of investors. The operations of Mutual Funds are regularly monitored by SEBI.<br />Tax Benefits<br />Last but not the least, mutual funds offer significant tax advantages. Dividends distributed by them are tax-free in the hands of the investor. They also give you the advantages of capital gains taxation. If you hold units beyond one year, you get the benefits of indexation. Simply put, indexation benefits increase your purchase cost by a certain portion, depending upon the yearly cost-inflation index (which is calculated to account for rising inflation), thereby reducing the gap between your actual purchase cost and selling price. This reduces your tax liability. What’s more, tax-saving schemes and pension schemes give you the added advantage of benefits under Section 88. You can avail of a 20 per cent tax exemption on an investment of up to Rs 10,000 in the scheme in a year.<br />                         <br />Disadvantages of mutual funds<br />Mutual funds are good investment vehicles to navigate the complex and unpredictable world of investments. However, even mutual funds have some inherent drawbacks. Understand these before you commit your money to a mutual fund.<br />No assured returns and no protection of capital<br />If you are planning to go with a mutual fund, this must be your mantra: mutual funds do not offer assured returns and carry risk. For instance, unlike bank deposits, your investment in a mutual fund can fall in value. In addition, mutual funds are not insured or guaranteed by any government body (unlike a bank deposit, where up to Rs 1 lakh per bank is insured by the Deposit and Credit Insurance Corporation, a subsidiary of the Reserve Bank of India). There are strict norms for any fund that assures returns and it is now compulsory for funds to establish that they have resources to back such assurances. This is because most closed-end funds that assured returns in the early-nineties failed to stick to their assurances made at the time of launch, resulting in losses to investors. A scheme cannot make any guarantee of return, without stating the name of the guarantor, and disclosing the net worth of the guarantor. The past performance of the assured return schemes should also be given.<br />Restrictive gains<br />Diversification helps, if risk minimization is your objective. However, the lack of investment focus also means you gain less than if you had invested directly in a single security. Assume, Reliance appreciated 50 per cent. A direct investment in the stock would appreciate by 50 per cent. But your investment in the mutual fund, which had invested 10 per cent of its corpus in Reliance, will see only a 5 per cent appreciation.<br />Taxes<br />During a typical year, most actively managed mutual funds sell anywhere from 20 to 70 percent of the securities in their portfolios. If your fund makes a profit on its sales, you will pay taxes on the income you receive, even if you reinvest the money you made.<br />Management risk<br />When you invest in a mutual fund, you depend on the fund's manager to make the right decisions regarding the fund's portfolio. If the manager does not perform as well as you had hoped, you might not make as much money on your investment as you expected. Of course, if you invest in Index Funds, you forego management risk, because these funds do not employ managers.<br />TYPES OF MUTUAL FUND SCHEMES<br />There are a wide variety of Mutual Fund schemes that cater to your needs, whatever your age, financial position, risk tolerance and return expectations. Whether as the foundation of your investment programme or as a supplement, Mutual Fund schemes can help you meet your financial goals.<br />TYPES OF MUTUAL FUND SCHEME<br />5486400116205002743200116205004572001162050045720012128500<br />-32385199695By structure00By structure4343400132715Other Schemes00Other Schemes2171700108585By Investment Objectives00By Investment Objectives<br />-2286003492500297180063500049149004318000491490020510500 <br />2524125431800025241253937000514350039370Tax saving fund00Tax saving fund3200400153670Equity Schemes00Equity Schemes1943100153670Debt Schemes00Debt Schemes37719003937000114300153670Open-ended Schemes00Open-ended Schemes<br />49149007556500-22860014859000<br />354330089535005143500229870Sector specific fund00Sector specific fund20574008636000114300248920Close Ended Schemes00Close Ended Schemes<br />491490021844000228600043180MM Mutual fund00MM Mutual fund-228600215265003771900138430Large cap fund00Large cap fund<br />20574003810000354330013335000<br />514350071755Index Schemes00Index Schemes3771900205105Mid cap Fund00Mid cap Fund2286000138430FMP00FMP11430081280Interval Schemes00Interval Schemes<br />491490013017500354330020383500205740011557000-2286001079500<br />2286000219075Other Debt Schemes00Other Debt Schemes<br />354330022923500377190051435Small cap fund00Small cap fund205740022669500<br />35433007112000<br />3771900105410Any Other Equity Fund00Any Other Equity Fund<br />3552825444500<br />             Figure 3<br />(AI) By Structure<br />Open-Ended Schemes<br />These do not have a fixed maturity. You deal directly with the Mutual Fund for your investments and redemptions. The key feature is liquidity. You can conveniently buy and sell your units at Net Asset Value (quot;
NAVquot;
) related prices.<br />Close-Ended Schemes<br />Schemes that have a stipulated maturity period (ranging from 2 to 15 years) are called close-ended schemes. You can invest directly in the scheme at the time of the initial issue and thereafter you can buy or sell the units of the scheme on the stock exchanges where they are listed. The market price at the stock exchange could vary from the scheme's NAV on account of demand and supply situation, Unit holders' expectations and other market factors.<br />One of the characteristics of the close-ended schemes is that they are generally traded at a discount to NAV but closer to maturity, the discount narrows. Some close-ended schemes give you an additional option of selling your units directly to the Mutual Fund through periodic repurchase at NAV related prices. SEBI Regulations ensure that at least one of the two exit routes are provided to the investor.<br />Interval Schemes<br />These combine the features of open-ended and close-ended schemes. They may be traded on the stock exchange or may be open for sale or redemption during predetermined intervals at NAV related prices.<br />(B) By Investment Objective<br />Growth Schemes<br />Aim to provide capital appreciation over the medium to long term. These schemes normally invest a majority of their funds in equities and are willing to bear short-term decline in value for possible future appreciation. These schemes are not for investors seeking regular income or needing their money back in the short term.<br />Income Schemes<br />Aim to provide regular and steady income to investors. These schemes generally invest in fixed income securities such as bonds and corporate debentures. Capital appreciation in such schemes may be limited.<br />Ideal for<br />Retired people and others with a need for capital Stability and regular income<br />Investor who need some income to supplement their earnings.<br />Balanced Schemes<br />Aim to provide both growth and income by periodically distributing a part of the income and capital gains they earn. They invest in both shares and fixed income securities in the proportion indicated in their offer documents. In a rising stock market the NAV of these schemes may not normally keep pace, or fall equally when the market falls.<br />Ideal for:<br />Investors looking for a combination of income and moderate growth.<br />Money Market/Liquid Schemes<br />Aim to provide easy liquidity, preservation of capital and moderate income. These schemes generally invest in safer, short-term instruments such as treasury bills, certificates of deposit, commercial paper and inter-bank call money. Returns on these schemes may fluctuate, depending upon the interest rates prevailing in the market.<br />Ideal for:<br />Corporate and individual investors as a means to park their surplus funds for short periods or awaiting a more favorable investment alternative.<br />Other Schemes<br />Tax Saving Schemes<br />These schemes offer tax rebates to the investors under tax laws as prescribed from time to time. This is made possible because the Government offers tax incentives for investment in specified avenues. For example, Equity Linked Savings Schemes (ELSS) and Pension Schemes. The details of such tax saving schemes are provided in the relevant offer documents.<br />Ideal for:<br />Investors seeking tax rebates.<br />Special Schemes<br />This category includes index schemes that attempt to replicate the performance of a particular index such as the BSE Sensex or the NSE 50, or industry specific schemes (which invest in specific industries) or sectorial schemes (which invest exclusively in segments such as A Group shares or initial public offerings)<br />Different Modes of Receiving the Income Earned From Mutual Fund Investments<br />,[object Object]

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Project on Mutual Fund Industry & impact of exit & entry load on IFA segment.

  • 1.
  • 2. My humble thanks and feigned gratefulness to Mr. Bimal Jeet Singh, my company guide and Mr. Iqbal Bhatti who emitted signals of profound knowledge and deep insight without which it would have been difficult to give a physical shape to the project.
  • 3.
  • 11. Scope of the study
  • 13. Concept of a Mutual Fund
  • 16. 10. Types of MF schemes
  • 17. 11. Modes of Receiving Income Earned From MF Investment
  • 18. 12. Investment Philosophy of DSP BlackRock MF
  • 19. 13. Different scheme of BlackRock
  • 20. 14. Growth of MF Industry in India
  • 21. 15. Recent trends in MF Industry
  • 22. 16. How to invest in MF Industry
  • 23. 17. Fees & commission paid to MF
  • 24. 18. How Financial Advisers get paid for selling MF?
  • 25. 19. Changing distribution structure of MF
  • 26. 20. Why an IFA?
  • 27. 21. MF with NO distributors
  • 35.
  • 36. The Kothari family of D.S. Purbhoodas and Co. is the promoter and owner of DSP Group.
  • 37. Track record of over 140 years, one of the oldest financial services firms in India.
  • 38. One of the founding members and first directors of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE).
  • 39. Each generation of the DSP Group has seen a partner serving as President of the Bombay Stock Exchange, bearing testimony to the long-standing position DSP Group occupies in the Indian Financial arena.
  • 40.
  • 42. Majority of Board of Directors is independent.
  • 43.
  • 44. Customizes solutions to meet risk/return objectives.
  • 45. Innovative strategies and services within and across asset classes.
  • 46. Client dialogues have resulted in advisory assignments.
  • 47. Senior level of commitment to client service.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50. Allow for the tailoring of products and services according to client or local needs.
  • 51. Promote teamwork among our employees worldwide; and
  • 52.
  • 53. We are fiduciaries and leaders in our industry. We understand the responsibility we carry.
  • 54. We respect differences and learn from them. We take time to teach others.
  • 55.
  • 56. We put our clients first and at the heart of all we do.
  • 57. We listen and deeply understand our clients businesses, risk and issues.
  • 58. We help our clients better meet their investment goals.
  • 59. We anticipate trends and help clients plot the future course.
  • 60.
  • 61. The nature of project involved the whole survey of how to calculate the value and performance of mutual fund and by comparing these values from different company’s mutual funds.
  • 62. Know about the risks associated with mutual funds and the difference in the evaluation of debt funds and equity funds.
  • 63. I learned the difference of investing in mutual fund and other investment (bank/post office) products.
  • 64. The scope of the project was also to find out that what factors forces the customers to buy a particular mutual fund. I learned what things investor should keep in mind before investing into any fund apart from that I have also seen what Indian investors think about mutual fund and how much they are aware about mutual funds.
  • 65. Opportunity to learn about the ups and downs in the market and its impact on the performance of various schemes.
  • 66. The presentations of DSP BlackRock MF that I gave to our alternate distribution channel’s employees helped me to get exposed to various problems that the distributors face during selling of mutual fund schemes and how to tackle with such problems.
  • 67. I have learned that mutual funds now present perhaps the most appropriate investment opportunity for most investors. As financial markets become more sophisticated and complex, investors need a financial intermediary who provides the required knowledge and professional expertise on successful investing.
  • 68. Learning about several business operations of the company.
  • 69.
  • 70. To study investor awareness regarding various types of Mutual Funds and various schemes offered by these mutual funds.
  • 71. To study where DSP MF does stands in the market & what steps they should take to improve their position in the market.
  • 72.
  • 73.
  • 74. The price at which units can be bought and sold is governed solely by the value of the underlying securities held by the MF and dealing in units are on the basis of net market value of the investment per unit.
  • 75. The managers of MF are obliged to redeem any units in issue on demand or certain specified period.
  • 76. All dividend income that the MF receives on its investments is paid out to unit holders.
  • 77.
  • 78. ii) Trust/trustee
  • 79. iii) Asset Management Company
  • 80. Apart from this mutual fund consist of
  • 82.
  • 84. In this plan, dividend is neither declared nor paid out to the investors but it is built into the value of the NAV. In the other words, the NAV increases over time due to such incomes and the investor realizes only the capital appreciation on redemption of his investment.
  • 85. Income plan or Dividend Payout Plan:
  • 86. In this plan, dividends are paid-out to the investors. In other words, the NAV only reflects the capital appreciation or depreciation in the market price of the underlying portfolio.
  • 88.
  • 89. These plans are best suited for people nearing retirement. In these plans investor invest in a mutual fund scheme and is allowed to withdraw a fixed sum of money at regular intervals to take care of expenses.
  • 91.
  • 92. The investment philosophy of DSP revolves around the concept of growth oriented stocks, which are available at relatively attractive valuations.
  • 93. DSP MF uses a combination of the top down and bottom up approaches for investment.
  • 94. Top down approach for sector allocation.
  • 95. Bottom up approach for stock selection.
  • 96. DSP MF identifies and invests in business that has a sustainable competitive advantage.
  • 97. It invests with a medium term view, with an investment horizon of at least 18months.
  • 98. Risk minimization is an important element of their strategy.
  • 99.
  • 100. Active management of interest rate risk.
  • 101. Credit risk management by following the conservative approach.
  • 102.
  • 106.
  • 107.
  • 108.
  • 110. SIP: Minimum amount Rs.500/month – 12 months Rs.1000/month - months, Rs.1500/Quarter-12 months(subject to completion of the 3year Lock-in Period)
  • 111. STP: Minimum amount Rs.500/month- 12month Rs.1000/month (subject to completion of the 3year Lock-in Period)
  • 112. Asset Allocation: 80-100% in Equity, partly convertible debentures and fully convertible debentures and bonds & 0-20% in Money market instruments
  • 113. Minimum application amount- Rs.500 for purchase & Multiples of Rs. 500 for additional purchase.
  • 114. Plans and Option: Dividend option with payout and reinvestment facility.
  • 116.
  • 117.
  • 118.
  • 119. Magazine and material.
  • 121.
  • 124.
  • 128.
  • 129. Relative to other comparable financial products.
  • 130. Relative to other mutual funds.
  • 131.
  • 133. Market Index Fund - BSE Sensex
  • 134. Nifty Index Fund - NIFTY
  • 135. The difference between the return of this fund and its index benchmark can be explained by “TRACKING ERROR”.
  • 137. The fund manager actively manages this fund. To evaluate performance in such case we have to select an appropriate benchmark.
  • 138. Large diversified equity fund - BSE 100
  • 139. Sector fund - Sectoral Indices
  • 141.
  • 142. We should also see the investment objective and rating profile of portfolios.
  • 143. Average maturity of debt portfolio should be same.
  • 144. Size of fund should be same ( Big Small)
  • 145. The investment objectives and risk profiles
  • 146.
  • 147. Similarly, only average annualized compound returns are comparable.
  • 148. Only after- tax returns of two different schemes should be compared.Type of Investors & Recommended Investment Portfolio<br />According to lifecycle Stages:<br />Stages of LifecycleSurplus to saveRisk toleranceOptions Childhood Stage---Young unmarriedHigh High Life Insurance, equityYoung MarriedHigh High Emerging fund equityYoung Married / ChildrenModerate Low/ ModerateInvestment for child educationMarried / Old ChildrenModerate Low Debt service/ pension provisionPost family/ pre-retirement ageLow Low Pension Provision<br />Questionnaire Analysis <br />Investment in Mutual Funds<br />Options Frequency Proportion Yes 6678.75%No 1423.33%Total 80<br />Figure 8<br />Interpretation <br />The study conducted on 80 persons revealed that 78.75% person invests in mutual funds and 21.25% people do not invest in the schemes of the mutual funds.<br />Reason for not investing in Mutual Funds<br />Ranking Scale54321Reasons Strongly AgreeAgree Neutral Strongly disagreeDisagreeRisky 31271165Lack of Awareness181620188Lack of Funds1219142015Afraid of Scams910171529Quality of Management108182123<br />Decision Influencer<br />Options Family Relatives Friends TVInternet MF AgentObserved119204630Percentage13.75%11.25%25%5%7.5%37.5%<br />Figure 9<br />Interpretation:<br />From the above analysis it may be concluded that 38% people’s decision to invest in mutual funds is affected by mutual fund agent. So there is a need to concentrate on updating the skills of the agents to enable them to motivate the potential customers. Second variable i.e. the friend’s circle will also be able to motivate more people for investment in mutual funds rather than traditional investment avenues.<br />More Risky<br />Fund Based SchemesFrequency Proportion Equity 6885%Debt --Balanced 810%Liquid 45%Total 80<br />Figure 10<br />Interpretation:<br />The analysis revealed that 85% people feel that equity schemes are the most risky schemes. Only 10% people think that balanced schemes are risky. Since some proportion under balanced scheme is also invested in the equity, this cannot be termed as more risky. Similarly liquid scheme has also been considered as more risky by 5 % people. Investment under the liquid schemes is a money market instruments which are highly volatile. These are comparatively more risky.<br />Therefore the conclusion is drawn that lack of awareness about the different MF schemes is the main reason for giving proper opinion by the respondents.<br />Safe / Secured Returns<br />Avenues Stock MarketProperty Bank Mutual FundOthers Observed81836162Percentage 10%22.5%45%20%2.5%<br />Figure 11<br />Interpretation:<br />The analysis revealed that people in our country have still the same mind-set of investing in traditional, safer investments even at low returns. Accordingly, 45% people think that bank is safe for investment. But 22.5% people showed their interest in making investment in property even when the investment becomes illiquid. Only 20% people feel comfortable with investment i