pre-stressed concrete

1. What is Prestressed
Concrete?
It is a method of applying pre-
compression to control the stresses
resulting due to external loads below
the neutral axis of the beam.
Pre-compression resulting either no
tension or compression.
J.D. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, NAGPUR

2. Basic Concept
 Prestressed concrete is basically concrete in which
internal stresses of a suitable magnitude and
distribution are introduced so that the stresses
resulting from the external loads are counteracted
to a desired degree.
 Pre-stress is introduced by stretching steel wire
and anchoring them against concrete.
J.D. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, NAGPUR

3. History…
Eugene Freyssinet
(France)
Used high tensile steel wires,
with ultimate strength as high as
1725 MPa and yield stress over
1240 MPa. In 1939, he
developed conical wedges for
end anchorages for post-
tensioning and developed
double-acting jacks. He is often
referred to as the Father of
Prestressed concrete.
1938 Hoyer, E., (Germany)
Developed ‘long line’ pre-tensioning
method.
1940 Magnel, G., (Belgium)
Developed an anchoring system for post-
tensioning, using flat wedges.
J.D. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, NAGPUR

4. History…
 In India, the applications of prestressed concrete diversified
over the years. The first prestressed concrete bridge was built
in 1948 under the Assam Rail Link Project. Among bridges,
the Pamban Road Bridge at Rameshwaram, Tamilnadu,
remains a classic example of the use of prestressed concrete
girders.
 Pamban Road Bridge at Rameshwaram, Tamilnadu

5.  Prestressed concrete was started to be used in building
frames, parking structures, stadiums, railway sleepers,
transmission line poles and other types of structures and
elements.
Materials for pre-stress concrete member
1. Cement,
2. Concrete,
3. Steel.
# Cement:
# Ordinary portland cement,
# Portland slag cement,
# Rapid hardening portland cement,
# High strength ordinary portland cement.

6. # Concrete:
Pre-stress concrete requires high strength concrete,
which has high compressive strength comparatively higher
tensile strength than ordinary concrete.
The concrete is a material should be compose of
gravels or crushed stones, sand, cement.
In pre-stress concrete minimum grade of concrete M20.
#Steel:
High tensile steel, tendons, strands.
In pre-stress concrete high tensile steel with tensile
strength around 2000MPa.
According to IS: 1343-1980 prestress concrete is design.

7. Types of Pre-stressing
1. External or internal pre-stressing.
It is based on the location of the pre-stressing tendons with
respect to concrete section.
2. Pre-tensioning or post-tensioning.
It based on the sequence of casting the concrete and
applying tension to the tendons.
3. Linear or circular pre-stressing.
It based on the shape of the member pre-stressed.
4. Full, limited or partial pre-stressing.
It based on the pre-stressing force.
5. Uniaxial, biaxial or multi-axial pre-stressing.
It based on the direction of the pre-stressing member.

8. Pre-tensioning: A method of prestessing
concrete in which tendons are tensioned
before the concrete is placed.
The operation commonly a 5-step
process.
Post-tensioning: A method of prestessing
concrete in which tendons are tensioned
after the concrete has place.
The operation commonly a 6-step process.

9. Methods of pre-tensioning:
1) Anchoring the tendons against the end abutments.
2) Placing of jacks.
3) Applying tension to the tendons.
4) Casting of concrete.
5) Cutting of the tendons.
Methods of post-tensioning:
1) Casting of concrete.
2) Placement of tendons.
3) Placement of the anchorage block and jack.
4) Applying tension to the tendons.
5) Seating of the wedges.
6) Cutting the tendons.

10. Popular post-tensioning system:
1) Freyssinet system

11. 2) Magnel blaton system

12. 3) Gifford-udall system

13. 4) Lee-mccall system

14. Section for Pre-tensioning
Section for Post-tensioning

15. Advantages of pre-stressed
concrete.
 Factory products are possible.
 Long span structure are possible so that saving of wt is
significant & thus it become economical.
 Pre-stressed member are tested before use.
 Dead load are get counter balanced by eccentric pre-
stressing
 It has high ability to resist the impact.
 It has high fatigue resistance.
 It has high live load carrying capacity.
 It free from cracks from service loads and enable entire
section to take part in resisting moments.
 Member are free from the tensile stresses.

16. Disadvantages of pre-stressed concrete.
 Required skilled builders & experienced engineers.
 Initial equipment cost is very high.
 Availability of experienced engineers is less.
 Required complicated formwork.
 It requires high strength concrete & steel.
 Pre-stressed concrete is less fiber resistant.

17. For more detail information visit
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BY: PARAG KAMLAKAR PAL.