A brief study report on Sewage Management and Sanitation Practices for Nagpur, Maharashtra- towards the partial fulfillment of credits for the course UPC3.1- Urban Development Management & Governance at the School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi (October 2020)

1. UPC3.1- Urban Development Management & Governance
October 26, 2020
Sewage Management and Sanitation
Practices for Nagpur, Maharashtra
A study report on the Sewage and Sanitation Management Practices for the city of Nagpur,
Maharashtra, from the purview of sustainable urban functions- towards the partial fulfilment
of credits for the course UPC 3.1- Urban Development Management and Governance.
Submitted by:
Prasad Dipak Thanthratey
SPA/NS/UP/1409
Guided by:
Dr. Chandrani B. Neogi
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi

2. UPC 3.1: URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT & GOVERNANCE
PRASAD DIPAK THANTHRATEY SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
Background
Out of around 345MLD of the sewage generated in the city in 2015, only 100 MLD, i.e. 28%
was being collected and transported in the sewer networks (only 70% of the city areas are
covered by underground sewer network) to the STP at Bhandewadi village near Nagpur.
Sewage generated in some of the areas in the city has an outfall into open drains and the
Nag river, that flows through a major part of the city. The rest of the sewage collected was
ultimately disposed of in Gosikhurd Dam in untreated conditions, posing a grave danger to
these water bodies, ultimately the environment and consequently, on public health.
The Sustainable Initiative- Waste to Wealth
On January 20, 2016, the Union Ministry of Power (MoP) amended the Power Tariff Policy of
2006, requiring thermal power plants and other industries to use treated sewage water from
STPs of urban local bodies within a 50 km radius. The advantage of this amendment was
taken extensively in the case of Nagpur.
As of May 2020, 525 MLD is the volume of sewage generated in the city of Nagpur each
day. And for treatment of the same, three large capacity sewage treatment plants have
been constructed and/or planned in the city.
The first STP, having a capacity of 130MLD (developed under JNNURM) was jointly
developed by Nagpur Municipal Corporation and MAHAGENCO. The 1980MW Koradi
Thermal Power Station, operated by MAHAGENCO receives the entire treated wastewater.
The second Sewage Treatment Plant, with the processing capacity of 200MLD daily was
developed under a PPP model by a consortium of three private companies- city-based
Vishvaraj Infrastructure Limited (VIL), Vasundhara Drills and Drainage Private Limited and
Drake & Scull Water and Power LLC. This plant also supplies treated water (tertiary water)
to MAHAGENCO’s 3660MW Koradi and Khaparkheda thermal power stations.
The capacity of this particular plant is also being augmented to 350 MLD. This 150MLD
capacity augmentation has been made possible because of a commitment made by
another power plant in 50km radius- the National Thermal Power Station (NTPC), situated at
Mouda (30kms from STP)
Furthermore, besides augmenting the STP facilities, NMC also made sure that 100% of
households have access to toilets through individual/ community connections, there’s
provision of underground network throughout the city and that, ODF and onsite sewage
disposal are phased out. This has also been emphasized on the City Development Plan of
Nagpur for 2041 and funds have been allocated under AMRUT for the same.
Implementation of the Model at other Locations:
The Nagpur model of bringing power plants as a stakeholder in STP augmentation has been
implemented by Maharashtra State Government at 2 locations:

3. UPC 3.1: URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT & GOVERNANCE
PRASAD DIPAK THANTHRATEY SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
1. Solapur: NTPC Super Thermal Power Plant of capacity 1320MW was earlier provided
with water from Ujani Dam. After consultation from the central government, the
water from the dam has been directed towards Solapur Municipal Corporation and
the treated water from a new STP at Solapur is sent to the power station.
2. Nanded: MSPGCL Parali Thermal Power Station, located at Parali Vaijnath in Beed
district of Maharashtra uses the treated water from STP at Nanded Municipal
Corporation.
Linkages with the Sustainable Development Goals:
All of these plans and projects have been set up under JNNURM, AMRUT, and the Swachh
Bharat Mission. Hence, all these practices have a direct and/or indirect linkages with some
or the other SDGs, specifically SDG-3, 6, 11& 12. The targets under these SDGs with which
these projects comply with are:
Target 3.2: End all preventable deaths under 5 years of age (indirect linkage)
Target 3.3: Fight communicable diseases (indirect linkage)
Target 6.2: End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene (direct
linkage)
Target 6.3: Improve water quality, wastewater treatment, and safe reuse (direct linkage)
Target 11.6: Reduce the environmental impacts of cities (direct linkage)
Target 12.4: Responsible management of chemicals and waste (indirect linkage)
As a consequence of the setting up of these STPs, total treatment capacity and reuse of
sewage has increased to 480 MLD as against generation of 525 MLD. It will be 91.42% of total
sewage generation, which is the highest for any Indian city.
Impact of the Practices Adopted:
The reuse of 480 MLD treated sewage daily means conservation of the same quantum of
raw water from irrigation reservoirs. This will also reduce the pollution in the city’s three main
river streams, along with Kanhan river, Wainganga river, and Gosikhurd Dam.
NMC’s initiatives are the role model of waste-to-wealth. The money paid by NTPC and
MAHAGENCO will be used to meet the expenses of these projects and sewage treatment
by NMC.
Furthermore, in 2019, Nagpur has been declared an ODF++ Certified ULB, which means at
any point of the day, not a single person is found defecating and/ or urinating in the open,
all community and public toilets are serviceable and well maintained, and faecal
sludge/septage and sewage is safely managed and treated, without any discharging
and/or dumping of untreated faecal sludge/septage and sewage in water bodies, open
areas and drains. The corporation has started implementing the new FSSM (Faecal Sludge
and Septage Management) policy by registering and monitoring the desludging operators
within the ULB.

4. UPC 3.1: URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT & GOVERNANCE
PRASAD DIPAK THANTHRATEY SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
The ULB has achieved the targets of IHHL and CTs/PTs. All the CTs/PTs are marked on Google
Toilet Locator App and are tracked through an ICT based Feedback system. In addition to
this, the ULB has also notified the public about the availability of all the toilets at the petrol
pumps for public use.
And for these efforts, Nagpur has also been awarded India's Best Large City in 'Innovation &
Best Practices for cities above 10 Lakh Population’ in Swachh Survekshan 2018.
Bibliography
1. CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Solutions Limited (March 2015). City Development Plan for
Nagpur City- 2041 (Final Report). Available at:
https://www.nmcnagpur.gov.in/assets/250/2018/10/mediafiles/Final_CDP_Nagpur_-
Mar_15.pdf (Accessed on: 24 October 2020)
2. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India. (2018. Declaring your
City/Town as SBM ODF+ and ODF++: Toolkit for Urban Local Bodies. Available at:
http://164.100.228.143:8080/sbm/content/writereaddata/SBM%20ODF%20Book%20Final
.pdf (Accessed on: 24 October 2020)
3. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India, (2018). Swachh Survekshan
2018. Available at:
http://www.swachhsurvekshan2018.org/Images/SS_2018_Report_Final.pdf (Accessed
on: 24 October 2020)
4. Anparthi, A.(2019). ‘NMC to become Nation’s first city to reuse 91% of sewage’, The
Times of India, January 12, 2019. Available at:
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/nmc-to-become-nations-first-city-to-
reuse-91-sewage/articleshow/67494230.cms (Accessed on: 24 October 2020)