1. LIFE PROCESS
Life (cf. biota) is a characteristic that
distinguishes objects that have signaling
and self-sustaining processes .
( i. e., living organisms) from those that
do not, either because such functions
have ceased (death), or else because
they lack such functions and are
classified as inanimate. Biology is the

2. The maintenance processes in living
organisms are as follows:
•Nutrition
•Transportation
•Respiration
•Excretion

3. Nutrition
It is the provision, to cells and organism, of the materials
necessary to support life.
Transportation
The process in which food, oxygen, blood, and other important
nutrition transport through in whole body.
Respiration
The respiratory system is the anatomical system of an organism
that introduces respiratory gases to the interior and performs gas
exchange.
Excretion
It is the process by which waste products of metabolism and
other non-useful materials are eliminated from an organism.

4. respiration
The respiratory system is the
anatomical system of an organism
that introduces respiratory gases to
the interior and performs gas
exchange. In humans and other
mammals, the anatomical features of
the respiratory system include
airways, lungs, and the respiratory
muscles. Molecules of oxygen and car
bon dioxide are passively exchanged,
by diffusion, between the gaseous
external environment and the blood.
This exchange process occurs in the
alveolar region of the lungs.

5. RESPIRATORY TRACK
In humans the respiratory tract is the part of the anatomy that has to
do with the process of respiration.
The respiratory tract is divided into 3 segments:
Upper respiratory tract: nose and nasal passages, par nasal sinuses,
and throat or pharynx
Respiratory airways: voice box or larynx, trachea, bronchi,
and bronchioles
Lungs: respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs,
and alveoli
The respiratory tract is a common site for infections. Upper
respiratory tract infections are probably the most common infections
in the world.
Most of the respiratory tract exists merely as a piping system for air
to travel in the lungs, and alveoli are the only part of the lung that
exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood.
Moving down the respiratory tract starting at the trachea, the tubes
get smaller and divide more and more. There are estimated to be
about 20 to 23 divisions, ending up at an alveolus.
Even though the cross-sectional area of each bronchus or bronchiole
is smaller, because there are so many, the total surface area is larger.
This means there is less resistance at the terminal bronchioles. (Most
resistance is around the 3-4 division from the trachea due to
turbulence.)

6. Process Of Respiration

7. IMPORTANCE OF ALVEOLI
An alveolus is an anatomical structure that has
the form of a hollow cavity. Found in the lung
parenchyma, the pulmonary alveoli are the
dead ends of the respiratory tree, which
outcrop from either alveolar sacs or alveolar
ducts, which are both sites of gas exchange with
the blood as well. Alveoli are particular to
mammalian lungs. Different structures are
involved in gas exchange in other
vertebrates. The alveolar membrane is the gas-
exchange surface. The blood brings carbon
dioxide from the rest of the body for release
into the alveoli, and the oxygen in the alveoli is
taken up by the blood in the alveolar blood
vessels, to be transported to all the cells in the
body.

8. Process Of Alveoli

9. Effects On Lungs
Alcohol: Drinking alcohol is the second biggest risk factor for
cancers of the mouth and throat (smoking being the first).
People who develop cirrhosis of the liver (often caused by too
much alcohol) can develop liver cancer.
Drugs: Can cause the following medical conditions: respiratory
problems, lung damage, and cancer.
Smoking: Tar coats your lungs like soot in a chimney and
causes cancer. A 20-a-day smoker breathes in up to a full cup
(210 g) of tar in a year.
Pollution: Radon can also contribute to other respiratory
conditions, such as emphysema, bronchitis and pneumonia. The
damage is primarily done when radon is inhaled; topical
exposure or consumption cause no ill effects.

10. THANK YOU