POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

1. UNIT-II
DIESEL, GAS TURBINE
AND COMBINED CYCLE
POWER PLANTS

2. UNIT II DIESEL, GAS TURBINE AND
COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANTS
Otto, Diesel, Dual & Brayton Cycle -
Analysis & Optimisation. Components
of Diesel and Gas Turbine power
plants. Combined Cycle Power Plants.
Integrated Gasifier based Combined
Cycle systems.

3. DIESEL POWER PLANT

5. Layout of Diesel Power Plant

6. Components of Diesel Power Plant
• Engine
• Air intake system
• Exhaust system
• Fuel system
• Cooling system
• Lubrication System

7. Engine

8. Air intake system

9. Exhaust system

10. Fuel system
Fuel Storage
Fuel Injection System
Common Rail
Individual Pump Injection
Distributor
Fuel Pump
Fuel Injector

11. Fuel Storage

12. TYPES OF FUELINJECTIONSYSTEM
Common rail injection system
Individual pump injection system
Distributor system

13. Common Rail injection system
Fuel Injection System

15. Fuel Injection System
Individual Pump Injection

16. Fuel Injection System
Rotary Distributor system

17. CAV Fuel Injection Pump

18. FUEL INJECTOR

19. Fuel Injector

20. Types of Lubrication System
There are three types of lubrication system
used in I.C. Engine:
 Wet sump
 Dry sump
 Mist lubrication

21. Lubrication allows
• Reduce friction (rubbing or deformation)
• Prevent pieces from wear
• Absorb/reduce shocks
• Protect from corrosion
• Isolate components from contamination
• Clean/get rid of contaminants.

22. Purpose of Lubrication System
• Reducing the friction: The primary function
of the lubrication is to reduce the friction
and wear and tear of the two rubbing parts.
• Cooling effect: The heat is generated by
piston, cylinder and bearings is removed by
lubricant to a great extent. Lubrication
creates cooling effect on the engine parts
and acts as coolant

23. Purpose of Lubrication System
• Sealing effect: The lubricant enters into
the gap between the cylinder liner, piston
and piston rings. Thus it acts as a seal
preventing the leakage of the gas.
• Cleaning effect: Lubrication keeps the
engine parts clean by removing dirt or
carbon from inside the engine

24. Wet Sump Lubrication System:
• The wet sump lubrication system, the lubricating oil
is drawn from the engine sump which contains the
oil. The oil is placed in the sump and it is drawn by
pump through the strainer. The sump contains the
lubricating oil and supplies continuously to system

25. There are three types of wet sump
lubrication systems used as below:
• (i) Splash lubrication system
• (ii) Pressure lubrication system
• (iii) Semi Pressure lubrication system

26. SPLASH LUBRICATION SYSTEM

27. Pressure lubrication system

28. Semi Pressure lubrication system

29. Dry sump lubrication system
In this system, the engine sump remains dry and the oil is placed in
the tank near to the sump. The oil is drawn from the tank and
supplied by pump to the lubrication system

30. COOLING SYSTEM
The cooling system serves three important
functions.
• First, it removes excess heat from the engine
• Second, it maintains the engine operating
temperature where it works most efficiently
• Finally, it brings the engine up to the right
operating temperature as quickly as possible

31. NECESSITY OF COOLING SYSTEM
The cooling system is provided in the IC engine for the
following reasons:
 The temperature of the burning gases in the engine cylinder reaches up to
1500 to 2000°C, which is above the melting point of the material of the
cylinder body and head of the engine. (Platinum, a metal which has one of
the highest melting points, melts at 1750 °C, iron at 1530°C and aluminium
at 657°C.) Therefore, if the heat is not dissipated, it would result in the
failure of the cylinder material.
 Due to very high temperatures, the film of the lubricating oil will get
oxidized, thus producing carbon deposits on the surface. This will result in
piston seizure.
 Due to overheating, large temperature differences may lead to a
distortion of the engine components due to the thermal stresses set up.
This makes it necessary for, the temperature variation to be kept to a
minimum.
 Higher temperatures also lower the volumetric efficiency of the engine.

32. TYPES OF COOLING SYSTEM
There are two types of cooling systems:
(i) Air cooling system and
(ii) Water-cooling system.

33. Cooling system
Air Cooling
Liquid Cooling
Thermosyphon Cooling
Forced or Pump Cooling
Cooling with thermostatic regulator
Pressurized Water Cooling
Evaporative Cooling

34. Thermosyphon Cooling

35. • Forced or Pump Cooling
Liquid Cooling
• Thermosyphon Cooling

36. Liquid Cooling
• Cooling with thermostatic regulator
A thermostat valve is used in the water cooling system to regulate the circulation of water in system to
maintain the normal working temperature of the engine parts during the operating conditions.

37. Liquid Cooling
• Pressurized Water Cooling
• Evaporative Cooling

38. Exhaust system

39. GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT

40. Open Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant

41. Closed Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant

42. Improvisation of Gas Turbine Power
Plant
Intercooler
Regenerator
Re-heater

43. GAS TURBINE WITH INTER COOLING

44. GAS TURBINE WITH REGENERATION

45. GAS TURBINE WITH REHEATER

46. GAS TURBINE WITH INTER COOLER, REHEATER & REGENERATION

47. COMBINED POWER PLANT

48. Types of Combined Power Cycles
• Gas Turbine – Steam Turbine
• Thermionic – Steam Power Plant
• Thermo Electric – Steam Power Plant
• M.H.D – Steam Power Plant
• Nuclear – Steam Combined Power Plant

49. Gas Turbine – Steam Turbine Plant

50. Thermionic – Steam Power Plant

51. Thermo Electric – Steam Power Plant

53. MHD– Steam Combined Power Plant

54. Nuclear – Steam Combined Power
Plant

55. Integrated Gasification Combined
Cycle