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An Evaluation Of  Requirements Engineering Process Performance Measures POONAM SHARMA PARUL MATHUR ANIL BHALLA
INTRODUCTION POONAM SHARMA
REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING ,[object Object]
Problem Stmt SRS Requirements Elicitation Requirements Analysis Requirements Documentation Requirements Review Reqt Engg
Crucial Process Steps of  Requirements Engineering   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Requirements Elicitation   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Use Case   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Use Case Diagrams   ,[object Object],Actor Use Case Relationship
Admin Reservation Clerk Passenger Update Train Info Login View Reservation Status Reserve Seat Cancellations
Draw the context diagram Develop prototypes (optional) Model the requirements Finalize the requirements Requirement Analysis Steps
Requirements Documentation   1 Introduction  1.1 Purpose 1.2 Scope 1.3 Definitions, Acronyms  & Abbreviations 1.4 References 1.5 Overview 2 The Overall Description  2.1 Product Perspective 2.2 Product Functions 2.3 User Characteristics 2.4 Assumptions & Dependencies 2.5 Constraints
Cont..   3. Specific Requirements 3.1 External Interfaces 3.2 Performance Requirements 3.3 Logical Database Requirements 3.4 Design Constraints 3.5 Functions 3.6 Additional Comments 4. Change Management Process 5. Document Approvals 6. Supporting Information
Measure & Metrics   Measure  :  A measure provides a quantitative indication of the extent, amount, dimension, capacity, or size of some attributes of a product or process Metrics  :  A quantitative measure of the degree to which a system, component, or process possesses a given attribute
METHODS OF REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING PARUL MATHUR
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Methods are :
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Performance Measures  ,[object Object]
Size Estimation ,[object Object],[object Object]
Lines of Code  (LOC) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
This is not a line count, but a statement count. It is possible to put several statements on one line by using the colon ":" or writing single-line If..Then statements. Statements Two or more lines joined with the line continuation character "_" are counted as one logical line. Logical lines of code Counts  lines but excludes empty lines and comments. Also referred  as the source lines of code (sLOC) metric. Physical lines of code Counts  physical lines, but excludes classic VB form definitions and attributes. Physical lines Counts all lines in source files.  Simple line count Description Metric
} 18 return 0; 17 } 16 } 15 x[j]=save; 14 x[i]=x[j]; 13 save=x[i]; 12 { 11 if(x[i]<x[j]) 10 for(j=1;j<=im1;j++) 9 im1=i-1; 8 { 7 for(i=2;i<=n;i++)  6 if (n<2) return 1; 5 /*this function sort array x in ascending order*/ 4 int i, j, save, im1; 3 { 2 int sort(int x[],int n) 1
Function Count ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Five Functional Units ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Counting Function Points ,[object Object],[object Object],5  3 UFP =  ∑  ∑  Z ij  W ij i=1  j=1   i & j : rows & columns resp W ij   : entry of i^th row & j^th column Z ij   : count of number of  function units of i  corresponding to j
Weighting Factor 9 8 4 Interfaces 14 12 10 Files 9 7 3 Enquires 7 6 5 External Outputs 4 3 2 External Inputs Complex Average Simple Function Specifications
[object Object],FP = UFP * CAF CAF = [ 0.65 + 0.01 * ∑ F i  ] Counting Function Points
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],0 1 2 3 4 5 No Influence Incidental  Moderate  Average  Significance  Essential
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cont..
Special Features of Function Points ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Evaluation  Emphasis is more on quantity than quality  Quality  Depend on time & LOC Cost  More time is required; depending upon functionality & complexity Time  Dependent on system capabilities Functionality Effect Measure
METHODS OF REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING ANIL BHALLA
Software Science Measures & Cyclomatic Complexity
Software Science Measures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Four scalar numbers derived directly from a program's source code  Total number of operands  N2  Total number of operators  N1  Number of distinct operands  n2  Number of distinct operators  n1  Description Symbol
Five measures are derived  E= D * V  E  Effort  D= (n1/2) * (N2/n2)  D  Difficulty  V= N * (LOG2 n)  V  Volume  n= n1 + n2  n  Program vocabulary  N= N1 + N2  N  Program length  Formula   Symbol  Measure
Terminologies used ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
Evaluation  Cost will fluctuate Cost  Depends on computational complexity Functionality  Quality decreases upon increase in conditions Quality  Time increases according to difficulty of program Time Effect   Measures
Cyclomatic Complexity ( CC ) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3 ways to compute CC ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Terminologies  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Flow Chart 1 3 6 4 5 7 8 2 9 10 11
Flow Graph 1 2,3 6 7 8 9 10 4,5 11 Edges  Nodes  R1 R2 R3 R4 Regions
CC for Flow Graph  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Evaluation  Depends on time, quality & functionality of program Cost  Provide basis for planning tests for program Functionality  Gives logical complexity Quality  Time required is more than size estimation Time Effect  Measures
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Software Engineering

  • 1. An Evaluation Of Requirements Engineering Process Performance Measures POONAM SHARMA PARUL MATHUR ANIL BHALLA
  • 3.
  • 4. Problem Stmt SRS Requirements Elicitation Requirements Analysis Requirements Documentation Requirements Review Reqt Engg
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. Admin Reservation Clerk Passenger Update Train Info Login View Reservation Status Reserve Seat Cancellations
  • 10. Draw the context diagram Develop prototypes (optional) Model the requirements Finalize the requirements Requirement Analysis Steps
  • 11. Requirements Documentation 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose 1.2 Scope 1.3 Definitions, Acronyms & Abbreviations 1.4 References 1.5 Overview 2 The Overall Description 2.1 Product Perspective 2.2 Product Functions 2.3 User Characteristics 2.4 Assumptions & Dependencies 2.5 Constraints
  • 12. Cont.. 3. Specific Requirements 3.1 External Interfaces 3.2 Performance Requirements 3.3 Logical Database Requirements 3.4 Design Constraints 3.5 Functions 3.6 Additional Comments 4. Change Management Process 5. Document Approvals 6. Supporting Information
  • 13. Measure & Metrics Measure : A measure provides a quantitative indication of the extent, amount, dimension, capacity, or size of some attributes of a product or process Metrics : A quantitative measure of the degree to which a system, component, or process possesses a given attribute
  • 14. METHODS OF REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING PARUL MATHUR
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. This is not a line count, but a statement count. It is possible to put several statements on one line by using the colon &quot;:&quot; or writing single-line If..Then statements. Statements Two or more lines joined with the line continuation character &quot;_&quot; are counted as one logical line. Logical lines of code Counts lines but excludes empty lines and comments. Also referred as the source lines of code (sLOC) metric. Physical lines of code Counts physical lines, but excludes classic VB form definitions and attributes. Physical lines Counts all lines in source files. Simple line count Description Metric
  • 20. } 18 return 0; 17 } 16 } 15 x[j]=save; 14 x[i]=x[j]; 13 save=x[i]; 12 { 11 if(x[i]<x[j]) 10 for(j=1;j<=im1;j++) 9 im1=i-1; 8 { 7 for(i=2;i<=n;i++) 6 if (n<2) return 1; 5 /*this function sort array x in ascending order*/ 4 int i, j, save, im1; 3 { 2 int sort(int x[],int n) 1
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. Weighting Factor 9 8 4 Interfaces 14 12 10 Files 9 7 3 Enquires 7 6 5 External Outputs 4 3 2 External Inputs Complex Average Simple Function Specifications
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29. Evaluation Emphasis is more on quantity than quality Quality Depend on time & LOC Cost More time is required; depending upon functionality & complexity Time Dependent on system capabilities Functionality Effect Measure
  • 30. METHODS OF REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING ANIL BHALLA
  • 31. Software Science Measures & Cyclomatic Complexity
  • 32.
  • 33. Four scalar numbers derived directly from a program's source code Total number of operands N2 Total number of operators N1 Number of distinct operands n2 Number of distinct operators n1 Description Symbol
  • 34. Five measures are derived E= D * V E Effort D= (n1/2) * (N2/n2) D Difficulty V= N * (LOG2 n) V Volume n= n1 + n2 n Program vocabulary N= N1 + N2 N Program length Formula Symbol Measure
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38. Evaluation Cost will fluctuate Cost Depends on computational complexity Functionality Quality decreases upon increase in conditions Quality Time increases according to difficulty of program Time Effect Measures
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42. Flow Chart 1 3 6 4 5 7 8 2 9 10 11
  • 43. Flow Graph 1 2,3 6 7 8 9 10 4,5 11 Edges Nodes R1 R2 R3 R4 Regions
  • 44.
  • 45. Evaluation Depends on time, quality & functionality of program Cost Provide basis for planning tests for program Functionality Gives logical complexity Quality Time required is more than size estimation Time Effect Measures