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Semelhante a Gramophones in the Gallery
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Gramophones in the Gallery
- 1. Gramophones in the Gallery Charting the museum’s adoption of media in the gallery and beyond
- 2. Museums have always been media producers
- 3. Museums have always been media producers • Right from the outset, museums were publishers • Their “product” fell into 3 main categories: – “inventory catalogue” – collection data – “expository guide” – an enhanced listing, to act as portable captions for the visitor – “presentation volume” – a prestige format edition, a highly illustrated representation of the museum, often given to dignitaries, high ranking stakeholders etc. (Waterfield, 1995)
- 4. Museums have always been media producers DusseldorfGallery:
- 5. American Museum of Natural History 1908
- 6. American Museum of Natural History 1908 • In 1908, the American Museum of Natural History used coin operated gramophones to enhance their Tuberculosis exhibition • The exhibition was an early “blockbuster” attracting over 750,000 visitors in a seven- week run (Griffiths, 2007)
- 7. Media innovation within the museum
- 8. Media innovation within the museum • The first planetarium was set up at the Deutches Museum, Munich in 1923 • The technology was developed by Carl Zeiss, a local photographic lens-maker who went on to establish a significant photography component brand
- 9. Film
- 10. Film • Museums were using film in the field as early as 1912 • In the 1920s and 1930s many installed small film projection theatres • Dedicated in-gallery units appeared in the 30s. This is a “Dramagraph” from the AMNH
- 11. The first audio guide
- 12. The first audio guide
- 13. The first audio guide • The Stedelijk Museum in the Netherlands and electronics giant Phillips developed the first audio guide • It broadcasted from a central recording, via a form of induction loop in the building’s skirting boards • Picked up by a wireless receiver
- 14. Broadcasting: “What in the World?”
- 15. Broadcasting: “What in the World?” • A game show format broadcast from 1951 on CBS • Chaired by Froelich Rainey, director of the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology • Featured curators and other experts from around the USA & guest stars like Vincent Price
- 16. Computer technology • Graphical user interfaces for relatively low-cost computers emerged in the mid 1980s • Some museums quickly adopted the technology to enhance their exhibition spaces • For example, the Smithsonian Institution's “Laser at 25” (1988) featured animations, laser configuration simulation and quizzes
- 17. www • The world wide web (as an distinct service within the wider network of the internet) began to take off in the mid 1990s • “Early adopter” museums included University of California Museum of Palaeontology at Berkeley, The Natural History Museum and Museum of the History of Science, Oxford
- 18. BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)
- 19. Apps • Explorer: The American Museum of Natural History – Released 15th July 2010 – Later introduced satnav-like “turn by turn” navigation around the galleries
- 20. World Stories Young Voices
- 22. World Stories Young Voices • Surface Impression was commissioned to produce the AV (audio visual) content for the gallery • Our strategy was to unify as much of the media output into one digital platform as we could • Film, information, interaction and audio are delivered from one central resource, but consumed on the gallery screens, the web or through the visitors’ mobile devices
- 24. KioskScreenMobile Own computer Content Responses TextsClipsClips Images Editing Object Object Object Curatorial Source community Interpretation
- 25. KioskScreenMobile Own computer Content Responses TextsClipsClipsImages Editing Object Object Object Curatorial Source community Interpretation Graphic designer Web developer Film maker Exhibition designer IT supplier Fit out contractor Copy writer Project management Organisation Scholarly texts Peers Funders Stakeholders Device manufacturer
- 26. KioskScreenMobile Own computer Content Responses TextsClipsClipsImages Editing Object Object Object Curatorial Source community Interpretation Graphic designer Web developer Film maker Exhibition designer IT supplier Fit out contractor Copy writer Project management Organisation Scholarly texts Peers Funders Stakeholders Device manufacturer Source Reception E N C O D I N G Museum Media production
- 27. KioskScreenMobile Own computer Content Responses TextsClipsClipsImages Editing Object Object Object Curatorial Source community Interpretation Graphic designer Web developer Film maker Exhibition designer IT supplier Fit out contractor Copy writer Project management Organisation Scholarly texts Peers Funders Stakeholders Device manufacturer Source Reception Museum Media production E N C O D I N G
- 28. KioskScreenMobile Own computer Content Responses TextsClipsClipsImages Editing Object Object Object Curatorial Source community Interpretation Graphic designer Web developer Film maker Exhibition designer IT supplier Fit out contractor Copy writer Project management Organisation Scholarly texts Peers Funders Stakeholders Device manufacturer Source Reception Museum Media production TextsClipsClipsImages Editing Interpretation Young people Young people Young people Young people
- 29. KioskScreenMobile Own computer Content Responses TextsClipsClipsImages Editing Object Object Object Curatorial Source community Interpretation Graphic designer Web developer Film maker Exhibition designer IT supplier Fit out contractor Copy writer Project management Organisation Scholarly texts Peers Funders Stakeholders Device manufacturer Source Reception Museum Media production R E S P O N S E E N C O D I N G