PRESENTATION
SKILLS
There are always three speeches, for every one
you actually gave. The one you practiced, the one
you gave, and the one you wish you gave."
-- Dale Carnegie

What Makes us Listen Or Not
BRAINSTORMING

PART 1—WHAT ARE PRESENTATIONS ?
PART 2—ELEMENTS OF PRESENTATIONS.
PART 3—HOW TO PRESENT WELL.
PART 4—ORAL PRESENTATIONS
PART 5—POSTER PRESENTATION

PART 1—WHAT ARE PRESENTATIONS ?PART 1—WHAT ARE PRESENTATIONS ?
 Exposed to your audience’s judgment.
 A myth that immense skill and the ‘gift of the gab’ is
needed.
 Putting ideas in a positive and professional manner.
 Audience interaction, retention and motivation is
reaped by tickling the mind.
 Exposed to your audience’s judgment.
 A myth that immense skill and the ‘gift of the gab’ is
needed.
 Putting ideas in a positive and professional manner.
 Audience interaction, retention and motivation is
reaped by tickling the mind.

Communicating Ideas
And Information
Content — it contains
information that people
need.
 Structure — it has a logical
beginning, middle, and end.
 Packaging — it must be
well prepared
Human Element —will be
remembered much more
because it has a person
attached to it.
Content — it contains
information that people
need.
 Structure — it has a logical
beginning, middle, and end.
 Packaging — it must be
well prepared
Human Element —will be
remembered much more
because it has a person
attached to it.

PART 2—IMPORTANT ELEMENTS
THE VOICE THE BODY
ACTIVE LISTENING
NERVES
QUESTIONING
NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

The Voice-- most valuable tool of the presenter
 Volume: lower and raise .
 Tone: The characteristics of
a sound.
Pitch: How high or low a
note is.
Pace: How long a sound lasts.
 Varying: helps to maintain
audience's interest.
Color: The key is to over-act
as Shakespeare said
“All the world's a stage”.
 Volume: lower and raise .
 Tone: The characteristics of
a sound.
Pitch: How high or low a
note is.
Pace: How long a sound lasts.
 Varying: helps to maintain
audience's interest.
Color: The key is to over-act
as Shakespeare said
“All the world's a stage”.

The Body
People listen and watch .
 Good posture helps to speak clearly and
effectively.
Standing erect and leaning forward
communicates that you are approachable,
receptive, and friendly.
Gestures: A lively speaking style captures
attention, and facilitates understanding.

Eye contact: conveys
interest, concern ,warmth,
and credibility.
Proximity: Enables you to
make better eye contact and
increases the opportunities
for others to speak.
Facial Expressions: Smiling
transmits happiness,
friendliness, and liking.

Active Listening
• Spend more time listening than talking
• Do not answer questions with questions.
• Be aware of biases.
• Never daydream when others talk.
• Plan responses after others have finished speaking.
• Provide feedback but do not interrupt incessantly.
• Spend more time listening than talking
• Do not answer questions with questions.
• Be aware of biases.
• Never daydream when others talk.
• Plan responses after others have finished speaking.
• Provide feedback but do not interrupt incessantly.

Nerves ---Reduce Tension
o Mental Visualization: Mentally
go over what you are going to
do.
o During the presentation: Take a
moment to yourself ,relax the
tenseness of your body, saying
to yourself, “I can do it!”.
o Channel the energy into
concentration and
expressiveness.
o The key is to continue on after
the mistake, and so will the
audience. Winners continue!
Losers stop!
o Never drink alcohol to reduce
tension!
o Mental Visualization: Mentally
go over what you are going to
do.
o During the presentation: Take a
moment to yourself ,relax the
tenseness of your body, saying
to yourself, “I can do it!”.
o Channel the energy into
concentration and
expressiveness.
o The key is to continue on after
the mistake, and so will the
audience. Winners continue!
Losers stop!
o Never drink alcohol to reduce
tension!

Questioning
• Always allow time at the end of the presentation for
questions.
• If you do not know the answer, be honest, do not
waffle.
• Answers that last 10 to 40 seconds work best.
• Always allow time at the end of the presentation for
questions.
• If you do not know the answer, be honest, do not
waffle.
• Answers that last 10 to 40 seconds work best.
Keep cool if a questioner
disagrees with you.
Try to find a way to agree
with part of their argument.

Non verbal communication
• Don’t cross your arms or legs –
it might make you seem defensive.
• Have eye contact, but don’t stare.
Nod when they are talking.
• Don’t slouch; sit up straight.
• Lean, but not too much.
• Smile and laugh.
• Don’t cross your arms or legs –
it might make you seem defensive.
• Have eye contact, but don’t stare.
Nod when they are talking.
• Don’t slouch; sit up straight.
• Lean, but not too much.
• Smile and laugh.

FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
 Face touching distracts,
shows nervousness.
 Slow down a bit.
 Don’t fidget.
 Use hands confidently.
 Keep a positive attitude.
 Be open and relaxed.
 Face touching distracts,
shows nervousness.
 Slow down a bit.
 Don’t fidget.
 Use hands confidently.
 Keep a positive attitude.
 Be open and relaxed.

Self Assessment Quiz.
3-Always / 2- Usually / 1-Sometimes / 0-Never.
1. During presentations I manage my anxiety to use as positive
energy.
2. I know how to reduce stress associated with presentations.
3. I identify the specific “audience- focused” objectives for my
presentations.
4. I evaluate the physical environment in which the presentation
is to be made.
5. To add passion, power and pizzazz to my presentation, I
practice the finished version several times.
6. I do not attempt to put too much information in my visuals.
7. I make certain to use eye contact with different members of
the audience.

8 I monitor my facial expressions and consciously use a variety
of expressions.
9 I vary the pitch, volume, tone and pace of my voice.
10 I look for the opportunities to use stories and real life
illustrations.
11 I use a variety if visuals in my presentation.
12 I am comfortable conducting a Q &A as part of the
presentation.
13 As part of preparation I spend time anticipating likely
audience questions.
14 I try to align the non-verbal messages of body language
match the words I am verbalizing.
15 After the presentation I take time to get feedback and assess
my effectiveness so as to develop a plan for improvement.
TOTAL SCORE 45-37 / 36-16 Average / Below 15 Low

PART 3--How to Present Well
Preparation.
Presentation
style
Dealing with presentation nervousness
Developing as a
presenter
Working
your
audience
Structuring effective
presentations

AIDA : Gaining Attention, Holding Interest,
Arousing Desire and Obtaining Action
• Preparation: Practice on a colleague or friend.
Prepare, prepare, prepare.
• Reconnoiter: Go into the presentation room before the
event; practice any moves you may have to make.
• Technical support: Test the equipment before the
presentation;
• Preparation: Practice on a colleague or friend.
Prepare, prepare, prepare.
• Reconnoiter: Go into the presentation room before the
event; practice any moves you may have to make.
• Technical support: Test the equipment before the
presentation;

Presentation style
KISS
KEEP IT SHORT & SIMPLE.
Be yourself: Do not try to be
anyone else or copy another
presenter's style.
Be Dynamic: Vary the tone,
volume and speed of your
delivery you will hold your
audience’s attention for
longer.
KISS
KEEP IT SHORT & SIMPLE.
Be yourself: Do not try to be
anyone else or copy another
presenter's style.
Be Dynamic: Vary the tone,
volume and speed of your
delivery you will hold your
audience’s attention for
longer.

Dealing with presentation nervousness.
o Be nervous: a certain amount
of nervousness is vital.
o Get something else to do:
Any activity to make you feel
more secure.
o Hold on to something: Even just
standing next to something solid
will make you feel less wobbly.
o Go slow: Your audience needs the
time to assimilate and interpret
what you are saying.
o Be nervous: a certain amount
of nervousness is vital.
o Get something else to do:
Any activity to make you feel
more secure.
o Hold on to something: Even just
standing next to something solid
will make you feel less wobbly.
o Go slow: Your audience needs the
time to assimilate and interpret
what you are saying.

Working your audience
 Converse: Stimulate and
communicate with your
audience.
 Inter act: If the light bulbs
are not going on find
another way to say it.
 Show conviction: Be
expressive and
enthusiastic.
 Perspective: Audiences
want you to be good.
 Converse: Stimulate and
communicate with your
audience.
 Inter act: If the light bulbs
are not going on find
another way to say it.
 Show conviction: Be
expressive and
enthusiastic.
 Perspective: Audiences
want you to be good.

Structuring effective presentations
• Use metaphors: Convey
images and feeling and
enable others to empathize.
• Examples: help listeners to
see more clearly- quicker and
more colorful.
• The point: Stick to the point
using three or four basic ideas.
• Finale: End as if you have
done well.
• Use metaphors: Convey
images and feeling and
enable others to empathize.
• Examples: help listeners to
see more clearly- quicker and
more colorful.
• The point: Stick to the point
using three or four basic ideas.
• Finale: End as if you have
done well.

DEVELOPING AS
PRESENTER
Trust yourself:. Recognize
what you have and learn
what you don’t.
Success is the best
presentation training: Don’t
over reach yourself.
Feedback: Encourage those
around you to tell you the
things you did well.
Trust yourself:. Recognize
what you have and learn
what you don’t.
Success is the best
presentation training: Don’t
over reach yourself.
Feedback: Encourage those
around you to tell you the
things you did well.

PART – 4 COMMUNICATION SKILLS
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
PREPARATION
MAKING THE PRESENTATION
DELIVERY
VISUAL AIDS

PREPARATION
• Prepare the structure of the talk carefully and logically
• Write out the presentation in rough-. Review the draft.
• Leave what you don’t understand as unsaid.
• Never read from a script
• Remember to mark on your cards the visual aids that go with
them.
• Rehearse your presentation .
• Prepare the structure of the talk carefully and logically
• Write out the presentation in rough-. Review the draft.
• Leave what you don’t understand as unsaid.
• Never read from a script
• Remember to mark on your cards the visual aids that go with
them.
• Rehearse your presentation .

MAKING THE PRESENTATION
Greet the audience .
Keep to the time allowed.
 It's better to under-run than over-run.
Stick to the plan for the presentation.
Leave time for discussion - 5 minutes.
At the end ask if there are any questions.
 Other wise, ask a question of the audience - so have
Greet the audience .
Keep to the time allowed.
 It's better to under-run than over-run.
Stick to the plan for the presentation.
Leave time for discussion - 5 minutes.
At the end ask if there are any questions.
 Other wise, ask a question of the audience - so have

DELIVERY
• Speak clearly--judge the acoustics of the room.
• Don't rush, or talk deliberately slowly.
• Pause at key points
• Avoid jokes - unless you are a natural expert
• Change your delivery, but not too obviously.
• Use your hands to emphasize points
• Look at the audience as much as possible,
• Avoid moving about too much..
• Keep an eye on the audience's body language
• Speak clearly--judge the acoustics of the room.
• Don't rush, or talk deliberately slowly.
• Pause at key points
• Avoid jokes - unless you are a natural expert
• Change your delivery, but not too obviously.
• Use your hands to emphasize points
• Look at the audience as much as possible,
• Avoid moving about too much..
• Keep an eye on the audience's body language

Visual aids must be relevant to
the subject.
Real objects, Flipchart or
blackboard,
Slides and OHPs should contain
the minimum information
necessary.
Use color on your slides but
avoid orange and yellow which do
not show up very well when
projected.
. For text only, white or yellow
on blue is pleasant to look at and
easy to read.
Avoid adding to OHPs with a pen
during the talk - it's messy.

PART 4—POSTER PRESENTATION
• FORMAT
• DESIGN
• FORMAT
• DESIGN
 FORMAT
 DESIGN
 PERSONAL
GROOMING

FORMAT
 A Title page.
 A Summary of the project.
 An Introduction - aims and objectives.
 Methodology that explains the basis of the techniques used.
 Conclusion -listing the main findings of the investigation.
 A Title page.
 A Summary of the project.
 An Introduction - aims and objectives.
 Methodology that explains the basis of the techniques used.
 Conclusion -listing the main findings of the investigation.

Keep the material simple: do not
cramp.
Colors should be used tastefully
to emphasize, differentiate and to
add interest.
Titles and headings should appear
larger than other text.
A picture is worth a thousand
words.
Check your spelling.
Arrangement of poster
components should appear
smooth.
DESIGN

General Rules for Women:
 Wear a dress or a business suit. Dark in
color and professional.
 Avoid sleeveless or strapless apparel.
 Accessories should complement your
outfit, basic style & color. use red ,it is
attention getting ,and a power color.
 Jewelry should be simple and minimum.
Wear only one ring per hand.
 Shoes should complement your out fit,
be conservative, comfortable and stable.
 Hairstyles and makeup should be
conservative.
 Nail - Avoid extreme lengths,
 Do not wear hats.
APPEARANCE

General Rules for Men:
Wear a suit or slacks and a coat. Jackets add
authority. Use conservative colors and avoid
unusual styles.
Wear dress shoes and socks in a coordinating
color .[dark]
 Ties are the most powerful part of your out fit.
It should be conservative in style and non-
constricting. Consider using a red tie or one that
has a red background.
 Jewelry should be simple. Wear a
conservative style watch. Do not wear earrings.
 Hairstyle should be conservative. If you have,
long hair pull it, back.
 Facial hair is acceptable; just make sure it is
well groomed.
 Do not wear hats.
 Do not wear anything that will cause your
audience to question your professionalism or
credibility.