Internet of Things - Linux Usergroup Nijmegen

Linux NijmegenLinux Nijmegen
by Peter Martin
www.db8.nl / @pe7er Linux NijmegenLinux Nijmegen

1.Networking
2.Internet
1.TCP/IP
2.OSI
3.Internet of people
1.Email, WWW
2.Web 1.0 / v2
3.Devices
4.Webservices
Internet of Things (IoT)
5.Internet of things
6.My Internet of things
7.The sandwich

Joomladagen 2015Joomladagen 2015
1. Networking

Sharing
● Computer power
– Mainframe + Terminals
● Equipment
– Printer
– Storage
● Information
– Documents

Connecting...
Hello everyone!
I am new!
Hello new one!
I am 192.168.0.1
and your “gateway”
to the outside world
From now on you
are 192.168.0.42
You can look up
“IP addresses”
of domain names
at “DNS”
with IP 8.8.8.8
Let's use
Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol
(DHCP)
Oops...
Internet Protocol
is next item...

2. Internet

Definition 1
Internet = Network between connected local networks;
“Inter-network”

Definition 2
Internet = Packet Switching on
TCP/IP
Transmission
Control
Protocol
Internet
Protocol

Packet Switching
● All transmitted data is divided into blocks,
“packets”
● Those “packets” can travel using different
routes
● The destination merges the packets

Internet Protocol
● Host addressing and identification
“who is who”
● Packet routing
“shortest route?”

TCP
Here's a
packet Thanks,
I got it!
Here's the
next packet
● Packets travel from router to router to router to
router to router to router to router to destination
● Quality Control?
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)!

DNS
What's DNS?
173.194.65.139
is your friend!

DNSGoogle.com?
173.194.65.139 !
Dear 173.194.65.139,
please give me index page

3. Internet of People

Email

● E-mail = text file
● E-mail Header: sender, IP address sender, receiver,
return address, message ID, all mail servers on route,
spam flags, etc.
● Peter @ db8.nl
– POP3 server (or IMAP) @db8.nl handles e-mail
– Stores it in text file for Peter
– Or replies with bounce message
E-mail

Send E-mail
From: peter@db8.nl
To: bill.gates@microsoft.com
Message:
Dear Bill,
Almost 10 years I discovered Linux and now I am not fond of
Windows anymore. If I buy a PC for Linux, I still have to pay
license fees for Windows.
Could you please refund my money?
Kind regards,
Peter

Receive E-mail
From: bill.gates@microsoft.com
To: peter@db8.nl
Message:
Dear Peter,
How are you doing?
Sorry to hear that you don’t like our Operating System any more.
Please keep in mind that our next Windows version will be much better!
Sorry, but we don’t have a refund policy.
Yours sincerely,
Bill Gates
PS: I noticed that your website runs on Joomla. That’s awesome!
BTW: Joomla also works on our products Windows IIS + MSSQL!

Bounce Message
Undelivered Mail Returned to Sender
This is the mail system at host mail-out.microsoft.com. I'm sorry to have to inform you that your
message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below.
For further assistance, please send mail to postmaster.
If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached
returned message.
The mail system
<bill.gates@microsoft.com>: host microsoft.com[134.170.188.221] said: 550 "Unknown User"
Reporting-MTA: dns; mail-out.s1.byte.nl
X-Postfix-Sender: rfc822;
Arrival-Date: Tue, 9 Sep 2014 11:09:20 +0200 (CEST)
Final-Recipient: rfc822; bill.gates@microsoft.com
Original-Recipient: rfc822; bill.gates@microsoft.com
Action: failed
Status: 5.0.0
Remote-MTA: dns; microsoft.com
Diagnostic-Code: smtp; 550 "Unknown User"

WWW

WWW
● World Wide Web = HyperText Transfer Protocol
WWW ≠ Internet !
● WWW = A collection of HTML documents
● HyperText Markup Language
– Text files with information linked to other text files

“Surfing”
Browsing on the WWW:
YOU ARE
NOT VISITING
A WEBSITE

HTTP(S)
● HTTP (port 80) – All traffic = plain text
● HTTPS (port 443) – All traffic via encrypted
connection
– protects your data on route
– No safeguard for data on unsafe server....

HTML
● Text file with markup
● Markup defines elements:
pagetitle, paragraph, heading,
hyperlink, image, CSS
● Hyperlink = created by browser
● Image = just reference, loaded by browser
● CSS = layout definition interpreted by browser

Web v1
● Till 2004
– Few websites
– Mostly static HTML
– Purpose: display information
– Visitors are consumers

Web v2
● > 2004 - Change in the way how Web pages
are made and used
– Huge increase in dynamic websites
– Visitors can also create content
● CMS, Blogging, Social Media, Youtube,
FaceBook, etc

Devices

4. Webservices

Server vs service
● Webserver
– Mostly brower request
– page with HTML
markup
– via http(s)
● Webservice
– Mostly devices /
webservers request
– formatted data
– via http(s)

{
"results" : [
{
"formatted_address" : "Van Broeckhuysenstraat 46, 6511 PK Nijmegen,
Netherlands",
"geometry" : {
"location" : {
"lat" : 51.8438169,
"lng" : 5.865908399999999
},
"location_type" : "ROOFTOP",
"viewport" : {
"northeast" : {
"lat" : 51.8451658802915,
"lng" : 5.867257380291502
},
"southwest" : {
"lat" : 51.8424679197085,
"lng" : 5.864559419708497
}
}
},
"place_id" : "ChIJWQeYKkUIx0cRc87ZCaPbj0w",
"types" : [ "street_address" ]
}
],
"status" : "OK"
}
Browser:
https://www.google.nl/maps/place/Van
+Broeckhuysenstraat+46,+6511+PK+
Nijmegen
Webservice:
http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/
geocode/json?sensor=false&address
=Van+Broeckhuysenstraat+46,+6511
+PK+Nijmegen

Web services
design models
● XML RPC
– XML – Remote Procedure Call Protocol
● SOAP
– Simple Object Access Protocol
● REST
– REpresentational State Transfer

REST
● Architectural approach (not a protocol!)
● XML or JSON
● Via HTTP
● CRUD operation: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
● URI design: directory like structure

URI design
URI HTTP
method
Action
/article/ GET Get all articles
/article/7 GET Get articles with id=7
/article/ POST Add new article
/article/7 PUT Edit article with id=7
/article/6 DELETE Delete article with id=6

HTTP Status
Normal http status
– 200 = ok
– 404 = not found
– 500 = internal server error

5. Internet of Things

Internet of Things
● Devices connected to each other via internet
● Collect data
● Share data
● Autonomously

Possible issues
● No universal language or protocol
● Privacy issues
● Security issues

6. My Internet of Things

ESP8266

ESP8266 versies

Pins

Flashing

NodeMCU
“Connect Things EASY - An open-source
firmware and development kit that helps you to
prototype your IOT product within a few Lua
script lines”
http://nodemcu.com/

Lua
Lua (“moon” in Portuguese)
“lightweight multi-paradigm programming
language designed as a scripting language with
extensible semantics as a primary goal”
http://www.lua.org/

Flashing firmware

Thingspeak.com

48 hours later

7. The sandwich

My coworking
place

Me working

My colleague

Sandwich shop

Raspberry Pi

Rpi → webservice
● Raspberry Pi
– bash script collects MAC via arp-scan
– Posts array of MAC addresses to webservice
● Joomla Website
– Webservice receives array with MAC addresses &
stores in MySQL database table
● Slim Framework - php micro framework
http://www.slimframework.com/
– Joomla component lists members + “online” status
from MySQL database table

In action

Connected to

Website
● Webapplication
– Joomla + SLIM framework
● Mobile phone App

Questions?
Peter Martin
e-mail: info at db8.nl
website: www.db8.nl
twitter: @pe7er
Presentation: http://www.db8.nl

Used Photos
Title sheet:
●
Internet of Things
http://www.markethings.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/IoT-2.png
●
Sandwich Cheese Pesto Salad
http://www.foody.nl/P60669/614x412/broodje-kip-pesto.jpg
1. Networking
● Wm2005-hackday-guerilla-networking, Andrew Lih, 2005
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wm2005-hackday-guerilla-networking.JPG
● IBM Electronic Data Processing Machine - GPN-2000-001881, NASA, 1957
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/IBM_Electronic_Data_Processing_Machine_-
_GPN-2000-001881.jpg
●
Floppy disk 2009 G1, George Chernilevsky, 2009
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Floppy_disk_2009_G1.jpg
●
SanDisk Cruzer Micro, Evan-Amos, 2011
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SanDisk_Cruzer_Micro.png
●
CD-R Front, Stefan Kühn, 2003
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CD-R_Front.jpg
●
Harddisk in USB external box, Vojtěch Brzek, 2011
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Harddisk_in_USB_external_box.jpg

Used Photos
2. Internet
●
ARPANET as of Jun 30, 1982 - BBN map - DSC00123, BBN Technologies, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2013
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ARPANET_as_of_Jun_30,_1982_-_BBN_map_-_DSC00123.JPG
●
Old Phonebooks at Salton Sea - Gentle, 2010
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Old_Phonebooks_at_Salton_Sea.jpg
●
OSIModel.jpg - MrsValdry, 2011
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:OSIModel.jpg
3. Internet of People
●
IoT-Graphic-540x247.png
http://numrush.nl/2015/03/13/amazon-neemt-startup-om-internet-things-platform-uit-te-bouwen/
●
Pigeon Messengers (Harper's Engraving), Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. 275, April, 1873.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pigeon_Messengers_(Harper's_Engraving).png
●
HypertextEditingSystemConsoleBrownUniv1969, Greg Lloyd, 1969
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HypertextEditingSystemConsoleBrownUniv1969.jpg
●
tricorderunbox4, Bobbie Johnson, 2009
https://www.flickr.com/photos/bojo/4078685614/in/photostream/
●
Mobile-stats-vs-desktop-users-global-550x405.png
http://www.smartinsights.com/mobile-marketing/mobile-marketing-analytics/mobile-marketing-statistics/
●
Mobile-Internet-Trends-Mary-Meeker-2015-1-550x417.png
http://www.smartinsights.com/mobile-marketing/mobile-marketing-analytics/mobile-marketing-statistics/

Used Photos
4. Webservices
●
Waiter pouring Zardetto sparkling Prosecco, Jeff Kubina, 2009
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Waiter_pouring_Zardetto_sparkling_Prosecco.jpg
5. Internet of Things
●
ioe_plaatje.jpg
http://hanswisbrun.nl/2015/09/21/verborgen-anonieme-zaken-in-amsterdam/ioe_plaatje/
6. My Internet of Things
● ESP8266
http://www.seeedstudio.com/depot/WiFi-Serial-Transceiver-Module-w-ESP8266-p-1994.html
●
ESP8266 overview
http://www.esp8266.com/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=3876
● ESP8266 Datasheet
http://www.electroschematics.com/11276/esp8266-datasheet/
●
Flashing ESP8266
https://importhack.wordpress.com/2014/11/22/how-to-use-ep8266-esp-01-as-a-sensor-web-
client/

Used Photos
7. The sandwich
●
Sandwich Cheese Pesto Salad
http://www.foody.nl/P60669/614x412/broodje-kip-pesto.jpg
●
Login screen
http://www.getyourwebpage.com/login-members.html
●
Card Swipe
http://www.multitechreps.com/line-card/kantech/
●
Harry Fain, coal loader, checks out in the afternoon after cleaning up after work. Inland Steel
Company, Wheelwright... - NARA - 541444 - U.S. National Archives and Records Administration,
1946
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Harry_Fain,_coal_loader,_checks_out_in_
the_afternoon_after_cleaning_up_after_work._Inland_Steel_Company,_Wheelwright..._-
_NARA_-_541444.jpg
●
Still from “1984”
http://www.dagelijksestandaard.nl/2015/03/google-claimt-waarheidsmonopolie/
Conclusion
●
EquinoxeJuniorHighPac-Man - Equinoxe, 2012
http://www.c64-wiki.com/index.php/File:EquinoxeJuniorHighPac-Man.png

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