1. LJ to SMSS
Integrated Humanities

2. Curriculum Design
• Teacher determines the success of the
curriculum
• Link between what is planned, enacted and
experienced
• Look at the literature
• Visit NIE (Library & Talk to Experts)

3. Why Integrate?
• To experiment
• To meet a need
• Fill a gap
• Correct a situation
• Integration an approach
• It is natural
• MOE is going to introduce an integrated
syllabus

4. Why IH?
• Observations
• Thinking and Knowledge in Silos
• Unable to make connections between
what is learnt in the classroom and the
real world

5. Why IH?
• Benefits of Curriculum Integration
• Make connections between classroom and
real life
• Increase students cognitive development
• Practical application
• Make learning more meaningful
• Active construction of knowledge

6. Objectives of IH
• To help students see the connections
between Geography and History
• To provide a broad perspective

7. Frameworks
• PETALS
• Tone of Environent
• Fogarty’s Models of Integration
• Shared / Integrated Models
• UbD
• Explanation, Interpretation

8. Geography
IH
History

9. Themes
• Sec 1
• Change and Continuity
• Sec 2
• Vulnerability & Tenacity

10. What is IH @ SMSS
• Taught mostly by 1 teacher as a single
subject (currently)
• 6 - 30min periods a week
• Team teaching
• To solve the problem of the lack of
knowledge and skills (at the beginning)

11. Assessment
• Summative Assessment
• Formative Assessment
• Bonus Assessment

12. Exam Paper
Sections Sec 1 Sec 2
MCQ Y
SBQ/SEQ Y Y
Scenario Based Y Y
Map Skills Y Y

13. Example of Scenario
• You are a minister, there is a problem...you
are given three solutions. Which is the best
solution? Why not the other two?

14. Concerns / Challenges
• Capacity Building and Professional
Development
• Need to get core group of teachers
ready
• Rigor of Curriculum
• Systemic Issues

15. Challenges
• Teacher ability and focus area
• Familiarization with content and skills for
Geography and History
• Team teaching
• Guidance by more experienced teachers

16. Challenges
• Constantly on the look out for relevant
materials
• Collaborative culture in school
• Preparation of Assessment
• Students need to be reminded that
content mastery alone is insufficient

17. Literature
• Wineburg, S. & Grossman, P. (2002)
Interdisiplinary Curriculum: Challenges to
Implementation.
• Fogarty, R. (1991). ‘How to Integrate the
Curriculum’ Paletine: IRI/Skylight Publishing
Inc.
• Project Zero Website
• www.pz.harvard.edu/