The document is a presentation by Mr. Parveen Kumar from the Department of International Foundation Studies at Amity University Tashkent about modal verbs. It defines modal verbs as auxiliary verbs that indicate modality or attitude, and lists examples of different types of modality expressed by modal verbs, including ability, obligation, prohibition, permission, advice, and possibility. It also notes that modal verbs give sense of mood to actions and provides examples of modal verbs expressing ability, permission, advice, obligation, possibility/prediction, and certainty.

1. AMITY UNIVERSITY
TASHKENT
Prepared by:
Mr Parveen Kumar
Department of International Foundation Studies
pkumar@amity.uz
Amity University Tashkent
MODAL VERBS
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Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz

2. What are these? Helping Verbs in a very SPECIAL CASE!
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Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz

3. MODAL VERBS - Examples
MODALS ARE AUXILIARY VERBS THAT INDICATE MODALITY. MODALITY IS
THE ATTITUDE OR THE CONNOTATION WE WANT TO EXPRESS.
Modal verbs are used to express:
ability, advice, obligation, prohibition, permission, possibility etc.
Ability – can / could (in the past)
Obligation – must / have to
Prohibition – mustn’t / can’t
Absence of obligation – don’t have to / needn’t
Advice – should / ought to
Permission – may / can / could
Certainty – must
Probability – may / might / can / could
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Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz

4. MODAL VERBS GIVE SENSE OF MOOD TO THE ACTION
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1 •ABILITY
2 •PERMISSION
3 •ADVICE
4 •OBLIGATION
5 •POSSIBILITY/PREDICTION
6 •CERTAINTY
Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz

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6. MODAL VERBS
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7. MODAL VERBS
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8. MODAL VERBS
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Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz

9. MODAL VERBS - Examples
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Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz

10. MODAL VERBS – Practice in Classroom
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Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz

11. MODAL VERBS – Practice in Classroom
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Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz

12. MODAL VERBS - Examples
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Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz

13. KEY to Class Practice
https://youtu.be/gM_O6b1rnjQ
A 1. has to – 2. must – 3. can – 4. mustn’t – 5. should – 6. might
B 1. mustn’t – 2. should – 3. don’t have to – 4. could – 5. might
C 1. You should compare prices... – 2. He might not know… –
3. They can’t help us. – 4. I couldn’t see… – 5. You don’t have
to arrive…
https://englishtoconnect.me/modals/ https://youtu.be/Nk9nQwoCFig
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Parveen Kumar | pkumar@amity.uz