Soft Tissue Injuries

Chapter Soft Tissue Injuries Twenty-Two

Chapter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Twenty-Two CORE CONCEPTS

Closed Wound Internal injury with no open pathway from the outside to the injured site K EY TERM

Closed Wounds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Closed Wounds Signs and Symptoms Assess for: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Closed Wounds Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Closed Wounds Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],extremities. ,[object Object]

Open Wound An injury in which the skin is interrupted (broken), exposing the tissue underneath K EY TERM

Abrasions Laceration (Smooth Edges)

Laceration (Jagged Edges) Avulsion

Puncture Open Wound: Amputation

Crush injuries can cause open and closed wounds.

Patient ASSESSMENT Open Wounds Signs and Symptoms Assess for: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Open Wounds Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Open Wounds Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Open Wounds Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Chest wounds may cause damage to lungs.

Patient ASSESSMENT Chest Wounds Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(possible open wounds)

Patient CARE Chest Wounds Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],wounds. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Closed Chest Wound Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Impaled Object Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Impaled Object Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Manually stabilize object in place. Use bulky dressings and bandage to stabilize.

Patient CARE Closed Abdominal Wound Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],dressing moistened with sterile saline. Abdominal Evisceration

Abdominal Evisceration Expose the wound.

Cover with sterile dressing. Follow local protocols.

Tell new EMT-Bs that the old textbooks describe using aluminum foil as the airtight dressing for eviscerations. Today, plastic wrap is preferred as an occlusive dressing, because the sharp edges of the aluminum foil may cause further damage to abdominal organs. P RECEPTOR P EARL

Patient CARE Amputations Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],sterile dressing. ,[object Object],[object Object],if possible. (Continued)

Patient CARE Amputations Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Open Neck Wound Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],same time.

Cover wound with gloved hand. Place occlusive dressing over wound.

Place dressing over occlusive dressing. Bandage. Do not compress both carotids or restrict breathing.

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Depth: Superficial Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Depth: Partial-Thickness Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Depth: Full-Thickness Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(white, dark brown, or charred) (little pain)

Superficial Full- Thickness Partial- Thickness Classifying Burns by Depth

Skin Reddened Blisters Charring Classifying Burns by Depth

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Severity Signs and Symptoms Body Surface Area A burn equal to the size of the patient’s hand is equal to 1% BSA.

Rule of Nines Child and Infant

Tell new EMT-Bs that an alternative way to determine the BSA estimate is the “Rule of Palm,” which uses the patient’s palm surface area as a unit of measurement. The patient’s palm is considered equal to approximately 1% of the BSA. Using this method, you can mentally estimate a burn area on any age patient. For example, if the burn area is equal to “7 palm surface areas,” the burn would be estimated at 7% BSA. P RECEPTOR P EARL

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Severity Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],considered serious: (Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Severity Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Severity Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],hands, feet, or genitalia ,[object Object],injury (Continued) ,[object Object]

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Severity Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],Critical Burns than 30% BSA ,[object Object],swollen, or deformed extremity (Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Severity Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],Critical Burns elderly patients ,[object Object],(arm, chest, etc.) (Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Severity Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],Moderate Burns 50% BSA (Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Burn Severity Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],Minor Burns 2% BSA ,[object Object],15% BSA (Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Breathing Adequacy Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],Infants and Children to total size ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Infants and Children Burn Severity Critical Any full-thickness burns Partial-thickness >20% BSA or involving hands, feet, face, genitalia Moderate Partial-thickness, 10 – 20% BSA Minor Partial-thickness, <10% BSA

Patient CARE Burns Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],or saline. ,[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Burns Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],(from chemicals) . ,[object Object],sterile dressing. (Continued)

Patient CARE Burns Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Chemical Burns ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Chemical Burns Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],before flushing. ,[object Object],[object Object],while flushing. ,[object Object]

Electrical Burns ,[object Object],contact with electrical source. ,[object Object],for rescue.

Electrical burns may have entry and exit wounds.

Special Areas of Concern Burns to the eyes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(to avoid injury to other eye) . (Continued)

Special Areas of Concern Burns of the hands and toes ,[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Electrical Burns Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],than external ones. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Purposes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],damage. infection. Dressing and Bandaging

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Dressings

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bandages

Dressing/Bandage: Forehead Dressing/Bandage: Elbow

Dressing/Bandage: Hand Dressing/Bandage: Shoulder

1. What is the difference between an open wound and a closed wound? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2. What is the treatment for: R EVIEW QUESTIONS

Soft Tissue Injuries

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Soft Tissue Injuries