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Afrique Nourricière

AGRICULTURE AFRICAINE EN TEMPS DE
CRISE ET CHOCS: DES LEÇONS D’OPTIMISME
Par Léopold LOKOSSOU
PRESIDENT PLATE FORME DU BENIN
ROPPA
CONTEXTE
• AGRICULTURE AFRICAINE REPRESENTE
ENVIRON 30% PIB 60% POPULATION
• AGRICULTURE AFRICAINE EST
ESSENTIELLEMENT FAMILLIALE
• DE L’INTERVENTION DE L’ETAT AU
DEBUT DES INDEPENDANCE, LE SECTEUR
AGRICOLE A ÉTÉ LIBÉRALISÉ
CONTEXTE
• AFRIQUE S’EST DOTÉE D’UN PLAN
D’ACTION DE LAGOS EN 1980 METTANT
L’ACCENT SUR L’AUTOSUFFISANCE
ALIMENTAIRE DANS LE CADRE DU PLAN
D’ACTION DE LAGOS EN 1980
• PRESQU’AU MÊME MOMENT LE
RAPPORT LOUIS BERG DEFENDAIT LA
SÉCURITÉ ALIMENTAIRE ET ANNONÇAIT
LES PLANS D’AJUSTEMENT STRUCTUREL
CONTEXTE
• PLANS D’AJUSTEMENT STRUCTUREL
ONT CONDUIT AU PASSAGE DE L’ETAT
AU MARCHÉ
• REFORMES N’ONT PAS EMPÊCHÉ LES
CRISES ALIMENTAIRES DANS LE SAHEL
ET DANS LES CORNES DE L’AFRIQUE
• CAADP, LE VOLET AGRICOLE DU NEPAD A ÉTÉ
MISE EN PLACE POUR MITIGER LES
IMPORTATION QUI REPRESENTAIT 1 MILLAIRD
DE DOLLAR AMÉRICAIN RIEN QUE POUR LE RIZ
ET DOTÉE LE CONTINENT D’UN PLAN DE
DEVELOPPEMENT AGRICOLE
CONTEXTE
• CE PLAN EST DANS SON ÉLABORATION
DANS CERTAINES RÉGIONS ET DANS SA
PHASE DE MISE EN PLACE EN AFRIQUE
• MA PRESENTATION METTRA L’ACCENT
SUR LES CRISES ET CHOCS ET LES
RAISONS DE L’OPTIMISME
CRISE ET CHOC DANS LE SECTEUR AGRICOLE

• AFRIQUE FAIT FACE À UNE CRISE
ALIMENTAIRE DEPUIS SON
INDÉPENDANCE
• CHAQUE DEUX ANS , AU MOINS UNE
RÉGION DU CONTINENT EXPÉRIMENTE
UNE CRISE ALIMENTAIRE
• AFRIQUE EXPERIMENTE CERTAINS
CHOCS
CRISE ET CHOC DANS LE SECTEUR AGRICOLE

• ÉLABORATION DES POLITIQUES
AGRICOLES DE LONG TERME AU
DÉTRIMENT DES PROGRAMMES
D’AJUSTEMENT DU SECTEUR AGRICOLE
•CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE INDUISANT
LES MALADIES NOUVELLES DES PLANTES
ET DES ANIMAUX AINSI LES EXIGENTES
DES CYCLES CULTURALES COURTS
•FORTE OFFENSIVE DE L’AIDE AU
DEVELOPPEMENT AVEC UNE TENDANCE
À MARGINALISER LES POLITIQUES
AGRICOLES EXISTANTES
CRISE ET CHOC DANS LE SECTEUR AGRICOLE

• CONSTRUCTION DES MARCHÉS
RÉGIONAUX AGRICOLES AVEC UN
CHANGEMENT DE LA STRUCTURE DES
PRIX POUR LES PRODUITS AGRICOLES
• ACCORD DE PARTENARIAT EN
NEGOCIATION AVEC UNE TENDANCE À LA
FAIBLE PROTECTION DU SECTEUR
AGRICOLE FAIBLE PROTECTION DE
L’AGRICULTURE
CONSTRUCTION DE LA RESILIENCE :
RAISON D’ESPERER

• MISE EN PLACE DES ORGANISATIONS
RÉGIONALES AVEC LA PAFO
• CAADP ÉLABORÉ À PARTIR D’UNE VISION
ENDOGÈNE
• CONSENSUS SUR LA CHAÎNE DE VALEUR
COMME MOTEUR DE RESILIENCE AVEC
L’IMPLICATION DU SECTEUR PRIVÉ
• CADRE DE DIALOGUE ETAT-OP SUR LES
DÉFIS PARTAGÉS CHANGEMENT
CLIMATIQUE, FINANCEMENT, FONCIER
CONCLUSION

• POUR FINIR UN ADAGE DU NIGER DIT: S’IL
NYA PAS LE VENTRE TOUT LE MONDE
SERA RICHE, DONC NOUS LES
PRODUCTEURS DEMANDONS DE
CONSOMMER CE QUE NOUS PRODUISONS
CAR NOUS SOMMES PRÊT A PRODUIRE CE
QUE NOUS MANGEONS PARCE QU’ON NE
PEUT PAS JOUER AVEC LA NOURRITURE
•NOUS VOULONS SEULEMENT UN PEU
D’ATTENTIONS A NOTRE EGARD POUR UNE
AGRICULTURE DURABLE
Merci pour votre aimable attention.

RESEAU DES ORGANISATIONS PAYSANNES ET DES PRODUCTEURS
AGRICOLES DE L’AFRIQUE DE L’OUEST
09 BP 884 Ouagadougou 09
Tel (226) 50-36-08-25
Tel/Fax : (226) 50-36-26-13
E-mail: roppa2000@yahoo.fr
Site : www.roppa.info

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AGRICULTURE AFRICAINE EN TEMPS DE CRISE ET CHOCS: DES LEÇONS D’OPTIMISME

  • 1. Afrique Nourricière AGRICULTURE AFRICAINE EN TEMPS DE CRISE ET CHOCS: DES LEÇONS D’OPTIMISME Par Léopold LOKOSSOU PRESIDENT PLATE FORME DU BENIN ROPPA
  • 2. CONTEXTE • AGRICULTURE AFRICAINE REPRESENTE ENVIRON 30% PIB 60% POPULATION • AGRICULTURE AFRICAINE EST ESSENTIELLEMENT FAMILLIALE • DE L’INTERVENTION DE L’ETAT AU DEBUT DES INDEPENDANCE, LE SECTEUR AGRICOLE A ÉTÉ LIBÉRALISÉ
  • 3. CONTEXTE • AFRIQUE S’EST DOTÉE D’UN PLAN D’ACTION DE LAGOS EN 1980 METTANT L’ACCENT SUR L’AUTOSUFFISANCE ALIMENTAIRE DANS LE CADRE DU PLAN D’ACTION DE LAGOS EN 1980 • PRESQU’AU MÊME MOMENT LE RAPPORT LOUIS BERG DEFENDAIT LA SÉCURITÉ ALIMENTAIRE ET ANNONÇAIT LES PLANS D’AJUSTEMENT STRUCTUREL
  • 4. CONTEXTE • PLANS D’AJUSTEMENT STRUCTUREL ONT CONDUIT AU PASSAGE DE L’ETAT AU MARCHÉ • REFORMES N’ONT PAS EMPÊCHÉ LES CRISES ALIMENTAIRES DANS LE SAHEL ET DANS LES CORNES DE L’AFRIQUE • CAADP, LE VOLET AGRICOLE DU NEPAD A ÉTÉ MISE EN PLACE POUR MITIGER LES IMPORTATION QUI REPRESENTAIT 1 MILLAIRD DE DOLLAR AMÉRICAIN RIEN QUE POUR LE RIZ ET DOTÉE LE CONTINENT D’UN PLAN DE DEVELOPPEMENT AGRICOLE
  • 5. CONTEXTE • CE PLAN EST DANS SON ÉLABORATION DANS CERTAINES RÉGIONS ET DANS SA PHASE DE MISE EN PLACE EN AFRIQUE • MA PRESENTATION METTRA L’ACCENT SUR LES CRISES ET CHOCS ET LES RAISONS DE L’OPTIMISME
  • 6. CRISE ET CHOC DANS LE SECTEUR AGRICOLE • AFRIQUE FAIT FACE À UNE CRISE ALIMENTAIRE DEPUIS SON INDÉPENDANCE • CHAQUE DEUX ANS , AU MOINS UNE RÉGION DU CONTINENT EXPÉRIMENTE UNE CRISE ALIMENTAIRE • AFRIQUE EXPERIMENTE CERTAINS CHOCS
  • 7. CRISE ET CHOC DANS LE SECTEUR AGRICOLE • ÉLABORATION DES POLITIQUES AGRICOLES DE LONG TERME AU DÉTRIMENT DES PROGRAMMES D’AJUSTEMENT DU SECTEUR AGRICOLE •CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE INDUISANT LES MALADIES NOUVELLES DES PLANTES ET DES ANIMAUX AINSI LES EXIGENTES DES CYCLES CULTURALES COURTS •FORTE OFFENSIVE DE L’AIDE AU DEVELOPPEMENT AVEC UNE TENDANCE À MARGINALISER LES POLITIQUES AGRICOLES EXISTANTES
  • 8. CRISE ET CHOC DANS LE SECTEUR AGRICOLE • CONSTRUCTION DES MARCHÉS RÉGIONAUX AGRICOLES AVEC UN CHANGEMENT DE LA STRUCTURE DES PRIX POUR LES PRODUITS AGRICOLES • ACCORD DE PARTENARIAT EN NEGOCIATION AVEC UNE TENDANCE À LA FAIBLE PROTECTION DU SECTEUR AGRICOLE FAIBLE PROTECTION DE L’AGRICULTURE
  • 9. CONSTRUCTION DE LA RESILIENCE : RAISON D’ESPERER • MISE EN PLACE DES ORGANISATIONS RÉGIONALES AVEC LA PAFO • CAADP ÉLABORÉ À PARTIR D’UNE VISION ENDOGÈNE • CONSENSUS SUR LA CHAÎNE DE VALEUR COMME MOTEUR DE RESILIENCE AVEC L’IMPLICATION DU SECTEUR PRIVÉ • CADRE DE DIALOGUE ETAT-OP SUR LES DÉFIS PARTAGÉS CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE, FINANCEMENT, FONCIER
  • 10. CONCLUSION • POUR FINIR UN ADAGE DU NIGER DIT: S’IL NYA PAS LE VENTRE TOUT LE MONDE SERA RICHE, DONC NOUS LES PRODUCTEURS DEMANDONS DE CONSOMMER CE QUE NOUS PRODUISONS CAR NOUS SOMMES PRÊT A PRODUIRE CE QUE NOUS MANGEONS PARCE QU’ON NE PEUT PAS JOUER AVEC LA NOURRITURE •NOUS VOULONS SEULEMENT UN PEU D’ATTENTIONS A NOTRE EGARD POUR UNE AGRICULTURE DURABLE
  • 11. Merci pour votre aimable attention. RESEAU DES ORGANISATIONS PAYSANNES ET DES PRODUCTEURS AGRICOLES DE L’AFRIQUE DE L’OUEST 09 BP 884 Ouagadougou 09 Tel (226) 50-36-08-25 Tel/Fax : (226) 50-36-26-13 E-mail: roppa2000@yahoo.fr Site : www.roppa.info