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Otvoreni razgovori o prevenciji
pušenja kod mladih u Srbiji
Panel:
Ekonomski aspekti pušenja:
Koliko nas duvan košta?
Svetski dan bez duvana 31. maj 2019.g.
Misija O2
“Osnažiti” (MPOWER) Svetske
zdravstvene organizacije (2008)
• Monitor – Praćenje učestalosti upotrebe duvana i
politike prevencije
• Protect - Zaštita ljudi od duvanskog dima (zakoni)
• Offer – Pružanje pomoći pri odvikavanju od pušenja
• Warn – Upozoravanje na opasnosti od duvana
• Enforce - Primena zabrane reklamiranja i promocije
duvanskih proizvoda i duvanska sponzorstva
• Raise - Povećanje poreza na duvan
• Porast cene za 10% smanjuje prevalenciju pušenje u proseku za:
• 4% u zemljama sa visokim prihodima,
• 5% sa srednjim i niskim prihodima,
• do 10% kod mladih i siromašnih
• SZO – Vodič za član 6 FCTC i SZO tehnički priručnik o primeni poreza na
duvanske proizvode:
• u ceni duvanskih proizvoda akcize > 70%
• EU – Direktiva 2011/64/EU
• min. iznos akciza 90 evra/1000 cigareta (1,8 evra po paklici)
• NE dolazi do pada priliva u budžet – najveći strah svih vlada!!
Povećanje akciza i poreza na duvanske
proizvode - najefikasnija mera
Troškovi upotrebe duvana i
kontrole duvana (NCI, 2016)
• Troškovi zdravstvene zaštite zbog lečenja bolesti povezanih sa
pušenjem – 1,1 bilion (1000 milijardi!) US dolara
• Doprinos budžetu država kroz akcize i poreze na duvanske
proizvode – 269 milijardi US dolara – 4 puta manje
(25%)!!!!!
• Iz tih sredstava koja se slivaju u budžet na aktivnosti kontrole
duvana – 1 milijarda US dolara (0,37%)
Zaštita od duvanskog dima
• NE postoji siguran nivo izloženosti duvanskom dimu
• Prostor 100% bez duvanskog dima najbolje štiti od
izloženosti duvanskom dimu – svaki zatvoren javni i radni
prostor i javni prevoz uključujući i SVE ugostiteljske objekte
• Zakoni koji traže potpunu zabranu najbolje se sprovode i
poštuju – velika podrška stanovništva
• Delimična zabrana putem virtuelne podele prostora ili
uvođenjem ventilacije sa filterima ne štiti od izloženosti
duvanskom dimu
• Zakon o zaštiti stanovništva od izloženosti
duvanskom dimu (2010) – izuzeci celi
ugostiteljski sektor
Ugostiteljski sektor
• Mit koji podržava duvanska industrija - pad profita, gostiju i
zaposlenosti nije tačno
• Veliki broj nezavisnih metodološki ispravno sprovedenih
studija pokazalo je da potpuna zabrana ima neutralan ili
blago pozitivan uticaj na ugostiteljski sektor i turizam, na
nivo poslovanja, prihoda i zaposlenosti
• U većini zemalja koje su uvele potpunu zaštitu od duvanskog
dima u ugostiteljskom objektima uočava se blag porast
odlazaka u restorane i kafiće – broj nepušača svuda u svetu
veći je od broja pušača!!
Zabrana pušenja u restoranima, kafanama, kafićima…
Mesto Pokazatelji
Njujork (2003.) 96% stanovnika odlazi u restorane, kafiće i sl. u istom ili većem
obimu
Za 47% tj. 6000 veći broj radnih mesta (za 10 g.)
Irska (2004.) 0,6% veći broj zaposlenih
3,2% veći broj noćenja
Engleska
(jul 2007.)
5% više izdatih licenci za i sertifikata za otvaranje ugostiteljskih
objekata
8% više licenci za lokale sa živom muzikom
Turska
(2008/2009.)
pad BDP 3,3%
5,2% veći profita u ugostiteljstvu
2,7% povećan broj radnih mesta u ugostiteljskom sektoru
20% veći PDV
Španija (2011.) 4,3% veći broj hotelskih gostiju

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Ekonomski aspekti pušenja: Koliko nas duvan košta?

  • 1. Otvoreni razgovori o prevenciji pušenja kod mladih u Srbiji Panel: Ekonomski aspekti pušenja: Koliko nas duvan košta? Svetski dan bez duvana 31. maj 2019.g. Misija O2
  • 2. “Osnažiti” (MPOWER) Svetske zdravstvene organizacije (2008) • Monitor – Praćenje učestalosti upotrebe duvana i politike prevencije • Protect - Zaštita ljudi od duvanskog dima (zakoni) • Offer – Pružanje pomoći pri odvikavanju od pušenja • Warn – Upozoravanje na opasnosti od duvana • Enforce - Primena zabrane reklamiranja i promocije duvanskih proizvoda i duvanska sponzorstva • Raise - Povećanje poreza na duvan
  • 3. • Porast cene za 10% smanjuje prevalenciju pušenje u proseku za: • 4% u zemljama sa visokim prihodima, • 5% sa srednjim i niskim prihodima, • do 10% kod mladih i siromašnih • SZO – Vodič za član 6 FCTC i SZO tehnički priručnik o primeni poreza na duvanske proizvode: • u ceni duvanskih proizvoda akcize > 70% • EU – Direktiva 2011/64/EU • min. iznos akciza 90 evra/1000 cigareta (1,8 evra po paklici) • NE dolazi do pada priliva u budžet – najveći strah svih vlada!! Povećanje akciza i poreza na duvanske proizvode - najefikasnija mera
  • 4. Troškovi upotrebe duvana i kontrole duvana (NCI, 2016) • Troškovi zdravstvene zaštite zbog lečenja bolesti povezanih sa pušenjem – 1,1 bilion (1000 milijardi!) US dolara • Doprinos budžetu država kroz akcize i poreze na duvanske proizvode – 269 milijardi US dolara – 4 puta manje (25%)!!!!! • Iz tih sredstava koja se slivaju u budžet na aktivnosti kontrole duvana – 1 milijarda US dolara (0,37%)
  • 5. Zaštita od duvanskog dima • NE postoji siguran nivo izloženosti duvanskom dimu • Prostor 100% bez duvanskog dima najbolje štiti od izloženosti duvanskom dimu – svaki zatvoren javni i radni prostor i javni prevoz uključujući i SVE ugostiteljske objekte • Zakoni koji traže potpunu zabranu najbolje se sprovode i poštuju – velika podrška stanovništva • Delimična zabrana putem virtuelne podele prostora ili uvođenjem ventilacije sa filterima ne štiti od izloženosti duvanskom dimu • Zakon o zaštiti stanovništva od izloženosti duvanskom dimu (2010) – izuzeci celi ugostiteljski sektor
  • 6. Ugostiteljski sektor • Mit koji podržava duvanska industrija - pad profita, gostiju i zaposlenosti nije tačno • Veliki broj nezavisnih metodološki ispravno sprovedenih studija pokazalo je da potpuna zabrana ima neutralan ili blago pozitivan uticaj na ugostiteljski sektor i turizam, na nivo poslovanja, prihoda i zaposlenosti • U većini zemalja koje su uvele potpunu zaštitu od duvanskog dima u ugostiteljskom objektima uočava se blag porast odlazaka u restorane i kafiće – broj nepušača svuda u svetu veći je od broja pušača!!
  • 7. Zabrana pušenja u restoranima, kafanama, kafićima… Mesto Pokazatelji Njujork (2003.) 96% stanovnika odlazi u restorane, kafiće i sl. u istom ili većem obimu Za 47% tj. 6000 veći broj radnih mesta (za 10 g.) Irska (2004.) 0,6% veći broj zaposlenih 3,2% veći broj noćenja Engleska (jul 2007.) 5% više izdatih licenci za i sertifikata za otvaranje ugostiteljskih objekata 8% više licenci za lokale sa živom muzikom Turska (2008/2009.) pad BDP 3,3% 5,2% veći profita u ugostiteljstvu 2,7% povećan broj radnih mesta u ugostiteljskom sektoru 20% veći PDV Španija (2011.) 4,3% veći broj hotelskih gostiju