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Rumor	
  monitoring	
  in	
  Social	
  Media
AEJ	
  2.0	
  	
  –	
  November	
  11
th
,	
  2015	
  
Laura	
  Tolosi	
  and	
  Georgi	
  Georgiev
Fake photo showing London Eye
burning circulated on Twitter.
http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/
dec/07/how-twitter-spread-rumours-riots
Rumor on imminent banckrupcy
of Fibank emerged in Bulgaria in
2014, creating mass panic.
http://www.pfhub.com/bulgarian-bank-
first-investment-bank-fibank-hit-by-
second-bank-run-in-one-week-880/
Мониторинг	
  на	
  слухове	
  в	
  	
  интернет
Project PHEME
• The project PHEME is funded by the 7
th
EU Framing Programme,
Grant No. 611233
• PHEME coined the term phemes:
− memes are thematic motifs that spread through social media in ways analogous
to genetic traits
− phemes add truthfulness and deception to the mix
− named after ancient Greek Pheme,“embodiment of fame and notoriety, her favor
being notability, her wrath being scandalous rumors"
PHEME focuses on a fourth crucial, but hitherto largely unstudied, challenge
of big data: veracity.The other three: volume, velocity and variety.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheme
• By journalists: mostly manual
• Technological challenges
− Analysis is post-hoc, scarce information, fast reaction needed
− Some rumors could take days, weeks or even months to die out
− Ill-meaning humans can currently outsmart computers and appear
genuine
Rumor analysis
• Create a computational framework for automatic
discovery and verification of rumours, at scale and
fast
Goal
• Investigate models and algorithms for automatic extraction and
verification of four kinds of rumours and their textual expressions
(i.e. phemes):
− speculation (e.g. an analyst claiming the Bank of England will raise interest rates
at their next meeting),
− controversy (e.g. aluminium may or may not cause Alzheimer’s),
− misinformation (unverifiable information, e.g. misrepresentation and quoting out
of context), and
− disinformation (intentionally false, e.g. Obama is a Muslim).
Rumor classification
Definition: “a circulating story of questionable veracity, which is apparently credible but
hard to verify, and produces sufficient skepticism and/or anxiety.”
• Capture	
  sequen6al	
  features	
  of	
  conversa6on	
  thread
• Analyze	
  the	
  effect	
  of	
  interac6on	
  at	
  a	
  given	
  point	
  
Conversational aspects of rumors
Zubiaga et al., 2015, Crowdsourcing the Annotation of Rumorous Conversations in Social Media, IW3C2
Rumor	
  stories	
  on	
  Twi@er
• Putin missing, dead, sick or coup?
• Ferguson police shooting dead a black teenager
• Prince surprise concert in Toronto
• Swiss museum to acquire Gurlitt collection, art stolen by nazis
• Ottawa shooting and killing of a police officer in front of the Parliament
• Sydney hostage siege by lone gunman
• Germanwings flight crash
• Charlie Hebdo terrorist attack
User	
  profile
• Number of followers
• Number of friends
• Number of tweets posted
User	
  profile
• Number of followers
• Number of friends
• Number of tweets posted
• few followers
• many friends
• many tweets posted
• … likely rumor!!!
User	
  ID
• Users that posted rumors will do so in the future, too
• Tabloid newspapers, famous people …
l User with 88% rumors in our data:
Source	
  (URL)	
  cited
Citing a trusted source vs. a questionable one
Text	
  characteris6cs
l Over-capitalization
l 
l Over-use of punctuation “...”, “!”, “?”
l Length of the message
Model	
  –	
  overview
Classification tree:
F-measure of about 65%
Classifica6on	
  of	
  en6re	
  conversa6ons
• Number of direct replies, total number of replies
• Number of retweets
• Sentiment of replies
• Velocity of replies
• Rumors spread faster than non-rumors
• Certain patterns of replies
• Inquisitive or contradicting answers like: “Really?” “That's not
true..” etc.
Selected	
  Clients
Thank	
  you!
Experience the technology with NOW: Semantic News Portal
http://now.ontotext.com
Try out our Semantic tagging service
http://tag.ontotext.com
Learn more at our website or simply get in touch
info@ontotext.com, @ontotext

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Journalism 2.0: Rumor Monitoring in Social Media

  • 1. Rumor  monitoring  in  Social  Media AEJ  2.0    –  November  11 th ,  2015   Laura  Tolosi  and  Georgi  Georgiev
  • 2. Fake photo showing London Eye burning circulated on Twitter. http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/ dec/07/how-twitter-spread-rumours-riots
  • 3. Rumor on imminent banckrupcy of Fibank emerged in Bulgaria in 2014, creating mass panic. http://www.pfhub.com/bulgarian-bank- first-investment-bank-fibank-hit-by- second-bank-run-in-one-week-880/
  • 4. Мониторинг  на  слухове  в    интернет
  • 5. Project PHEME • The project PHEME is funded by the 7 th EU Framing Programme, Grant No. 611233 • PHEME coined the term phemes: − memes are thematic motifs that spread through social media in ways analogous to genetic traits − phemes add truthfulness and deception to the mix − named after ancient Greek Pheme,“embodiment of fame and notoriety, her favor being notability, her wrath being scandalous rumors" PHEME focuses on a fourth crucial, but hitherto largely unstudied, challenge of big data: veracity.The other three: volume, velocity and variety. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheme
  • 6. • By journalists: mostly manual • Technological challenges − Analysis is post-hoc, scarce information, fast reaction needed − Some rumors could take days, weeks or even months to die out − Ill-meaning humans can currently outsmart computers and appear genuine Rumor analysis
  • 7. • Create a computational framework for automatic discovery and verification of rumours, at scale and fast Goal
  • 8. • Investigate models and algorithms for automatic extraction and verification of four kinds of rumours and their textual expressions (i.e. phemes): − speculation (e.g. an analyst claiming the Bank of England will raise interest rates at their next meeting), − controversy (e.g. aluminium may or may not cause Alzheimer’s), − misinformation (unverifiable information, e.g. misrepresentation and quoting out of context), and − disinformation (intentionally false, e.g. Obama is a Muslim).
  • 9. Rumor classification Definition: “a circulating story of questionable veracity, which is apparently credible but hard to verify, and produces sufficient skepticism and/or anxiety.”
  • 10. • Capture  sequen6al  features  of  conversa6on  thread • Analyze  the  effect  of  interac6on  at  a  given  point  
  • 11. Conversational aspects of rumors Zubiaga et al., 2015, Crowdsourcing the Annotation of Rumorous Conversations in Social Media, IW3C2
  • 12. Rumor  stories  on  Twi@er • Putin missing, dead, sick or coup? • Ferguson police shooting dead a black teenager • Prince surprise concert in Toronto • Swiss museum to acquire Gurlitt collection, art stolen by nazis • Ottawa shooting and killing of a police officer in front of the Parliament • Sydney hostage siege by lone gunman • Germanwings flight crash • Charlie Hebdo terrorist attack
  • 13. User  profile • Number of followers • Number of friends • Number of tweets posted
  • 14. User  profile • Number of followers • Number of friends • Number of tweets posted • few followers • many friends • many tweets posted • … likely rumor!!!
  • 15. User  ID • Users that posted rumors will do so in the future, too • Tabloid newspapers, famous people … l User with 88% rumors in our data:
  • 16. Source  (URL)  cited Citing a trusted source vs. a questionable one
  • 17. Text  characteris6cs l Over-capitalization l  l Over-use of punctuation “...”, “!”, “?” l Length of the message
  • 18. Model  –  overview Classification tree: F-measure of about 65%
  • 19. Classifica6on  of  en6re  conversa6ons • Number of direct replies, total number of replies • Number of retweets • Sentiment of replies • Velocity of replies • Rumors spread faster than non-rumors • Certain patterns of replies • Inquisitive or contradicting answers like: “Really?” “That's not true..” etc.
  • 21. Thank  you! Experience the technology with NOW: Semantic News Portal http://now.ontotext.com Try out our Semantic tagging service http://tag.ontotext.com Learn more at our website or simply get in touch info@ontotext.com, @ontotext